Entia

entia

This paper is under CC 4.0 license. available on arxiv Authors: (1) Macoto Kikuchi (菊池誠), Cybermedia center, Osaka University, and Department of Physics, Osaka University and kikuchi.macoto.cmc@osaka-u.ac.jp. Table of Links Introduction Model and Methods Results Discussion and Acknowledgment IV. DISCUSSION The results presented in this paper suggest that the one-way switches are hardly selected in evolution because mutationally robust GNRs are favored. This scenario of the phenotype selection was confirmed by comparing the outcomes of the multicanonical ensemble method and the steady state of stochastic evolutionary simulations because the steady state does not depend on the evolutionary history. We consider this selection mechanism to be widely valid and not restricted to the case studied in this paper. Since this phenotype selection can occur whenever more than one phenotype exists for the same fitness value, we expect this phenomenon to occur in real living systems. We may call it the third-order selection because it is a consequence of the second-order selection. Since the second-order selection is a weak effect, the above phenotypic selection may be a further weak effect. However, as the present results suggest, the phenomenon may become significant if the steady state of evolution is maintained. Such situations can be realized experimentally. For example, it will be possible for the effect to be observed for bacteria under constant stress. It should be noted that what is the matter is not the absolute strength of mutational robustness but its relative strength. Thus, phenotype selection can occur even between mutationally not-so-robust phenotypes. Next, let us consider an implication of the evolution of the model dealt with observed in this paper. The result of McMC shows that most GRNs are monostable at low fitness; then as fitness increases the toggle switches dominate, and eventually most GRNs become one-way switches. A one-way switch of GRN realizes an irreversible change in the cell states. We note that irreversibility was not required in the definition of fitness. Thus, the irreversible switches can emerge even without it being required explicitly as fitness. It suggests the possibility that the irreversibility observed for real cells has evolved from the monostable reversible GRNs. Finally, the present study shows that McMC is an effective method for investigating characteristic properties of evolution. McMC clarifies what kind of phenotypes can exist if the evolution process is not considered. The fact that the outcomes of McMC and evolutionary simulation differ considerably implies a possibility that some phenotypes are not reached by evolution. Considering the experimental situation, such phenotypes may be accessible by direct genome engineering other than evolutionary experiments. Apart from the evolution of living systems, the present results give an insight into the genetic algorithm (GA) of optimization problems; GA is not a fair method for optimization; rather, it will provide the phenotypes bearing a specific property, namely, the mutational robustness, as the optimized solutions. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 23K03261. [1] H. Kitano, Biological robustness, Nat Rev Genet 5, 828 (2004). [2] A. Wagner, Robustness and Evolvability in Living Systems (Princeton Univ Press, 2005). [3] J. Masel and M. L. Siegal, Robustness: mechanisms and consequences, Trends Genet 25, 395 (2009). [4] G. Giaever, A. M. Chu, L. Ni, C. Connelly, L. Riles, S. Veronneau, S. Dow, A. Lucau-Danila, K. Anderson, B. Andre, A. P. Arkin, A. Astromoff, M. E. Bakkoury, R. Bangham, R. Benito, S. Brachat, S. Campanaro, M. Curtiss, K. Davis, A. Deutschbauer, K. D. Entian, P. Flaherty, F. Foury, D. J. Garfinkel, M. Gerstein, D. Gotte, U. Gludener, J. H. Hegemann, S. Hempel, Z. Herman, D. F. Jaramillo, D. E. Kelly, S. L. Kelly, P. Kotter, D. LaBonte, D. C. Lamb, N. Lan, H. Liang, H. Liao, L. Liu, C. Luo, M. Lussier, R. Mao, P. Menard, S. L. Ooi, J. L. Revuelta, C. J. Roberts, M. Rose, P. RossMacdonald, B. Scherens, G. Schimmack, B. Shafer, D. D. Shoemaker, S. Sookhai-Mahadeo, R. K. Storms, J. N. Strathern, G. Valle1, M. Voet, G. Volckaert, C. Y. Wang, T. R. Ward, J. Wilhelmy, E. A. Winzeler, Y. Yang, G. Yen, E. Youngman, K. Yu, H. Bussey, J. D. Boeke, M. Snyder, P. Philippsen, R. W. Davis, and M. Johnston, Functional profiling of the saccharomyces cerevisiae genome, Nature 418, 387 (2002). [5] T. Baba, T. Ara, M. Hasegawa, Y. Takai, Y. Okumura, M. Baba, K. A. Datsenko, M. Tomita, B. L. Wanner, and H. Mori, Construction of escherichia coli k-12 in-frame, single-gene knockout mutants: the keio collection, Mol Syst Biol 2, 2006.0008 (2006). [6] D. U. Kim, J. Hayles, D. Kim, V. Wood, H. O. Park, M. Won, H. S. Yoo, T. Duhig, M. Nam, G. Palmer, S. Han, L. Jeffery, S. T. Baek, H. Lee, Y. S. Shim, M. Lee, L. K. and. K. S. Heo, E. J. Noh, A. R. Lee, Y. J. Jang, K. S. Chung, S. J. Choi, J. Y. Park, Y. Park, H. M. Kim, S. K. Park, H. J. Park, E. J. Kang, H. B. Kim, H. S. Kang, H. M. Park, K. Kim, K. Song, K. B. Song, P. Nurse, and K. L. Hoe, Analysis of a genome-wide set of gene deletions in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe, Nat Biotechnol 28, 617 (2010). [7] M. Isaran, C. Lemerle, K. Michalodimitrakis, C. Horn, P. Beltrao, E. Raineri, M. Garriga-Canut, and L. Serrano, Evolvability and hierarchy in rewired bacterial gene networks, Nature 452, 840 (2008). [8] E. van Nimwegen, J. P. Crutchfield, and M. Huynen, Neutral evolution of mutational robustness, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 17, 9716 (1999). [9] S. Ciliberti, O. C. Martin, and A. Wagner, Robustness can evolve gradually in complex regulatory gene networks with varying topology, PLoS Comput Biol 3, e15 (2007). [10] S. Ciliberti, O. C. Martin, and A. Wagner, Innovation and robustness in complex regulatory gene networks, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104, 13591 (2007). [11] B. A. Berg and T. Neuhaus, Multicanonical algorithms for first order phase transitions, Phys Lett B267, 249 (1991). [12] B. A. Berg and T. Neuhaus, Multicanonical ensemble: A new approach to simulate first-order phase transitions, Phys Rev Lett 68, 9 (1992). [13] Y. Iba, N. Saito, and A. Kitajima, Multicanonical mcmc for sampling rare events: an illustrative review, Ann Inst Stat Math 66, 611 (2014). [14] A. Kitajima and M. Kikuchi, Numerous but rare: An exploration of magic squares, PLoS ONE 10, e0125062 (2015). [15] N. Saito and M. Kikuchi, Robustness leads close to the edge of chaos in coupled map networks: toward the understanding of biological networks, New J Phys 15, 053037 (2013). [16] S. Nagata and M. Kikuchi, Emergence of cooperative bistability and robustness of gene regulatory networks, PLoS Comput Biol 16, e1007969 (2020). [17] T. Kaneko and M. Kikuchi, Evolution enhances mutational robustness and suppresses the emergence of a new phenotype: A new computational approach for studying evolution, PLoS Comput Biol 18, e1009796 (2022). [18] Y. Omachi, N. Saito, and C. Furusawa, Rare-event sampling analysis uncovers the fitness landscape of the genetic code, PLoS Comput Biol 19, e1011034 (2023). [19] J. J. Tyson, K. C. Chen, and B. Novak, Sniffers, buzzers, toggles and blinkers: dynamics of regulatory and signaling pathways in the cell, Curr Opin Cell Biol 15, 221 (2003). [20] J. E. Ferrell and E. M. Machleder, The biochemical bases of an all-or-none cell fate switch in xenopus oocytes, Science 280, 895 (1998). [21] E. Mjolsness, D. H. Sharp, and J. Reinitz, A connectionist model of development, J Theor Biol 152, 429 (1991). [22] A. Wagner, Evolution of gene networks by gene duplications: A mathematical model and its implications on genome organization, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91, 4387 (1994). [23] A. Wagner, Does evolutionary plasticity evolve, Evolution 50, 1008 (1996). [24] M. L. Siegal and A. Bergman, Waddington’s canalization revisited: developmental stability and evolution, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99, 10528 (2002). [25] J. Masel, Genetic assimilation can occur in the absence of selection for the assimilating phenotype, suggesting a role for the canalization heuristic, J Evol Biol 17, 1106 (2004). [26] K. Kaneko, Evolution of robustness to noise and mutation in gene expression dynamics, PLoS one 2, e434 (2007). [27] C. Espinosa-Soto, O. C. Martin, and A. Wagner, Phenotypic robustness can increase phenotypic variability after nongenetic perturbations in gene regulatory circuits, J Evol Biol 24, 1284 (2011). [28] M. Inoue and K. Kaneko, Cooperative adaptive responses in gene regulatory networks with many degrees of freedom, PLoS Comput Biol 9, e1003001 (2013). [29] M. Inoue and K. Kaneko, Cooperative reliable response from sloppy gene-expression dynamics, Eutophys Lett 124, 38002 (2018). [30] F. Wang and D. P. Landau, Efficient, multiple-range random walk algorithm to calculate the density of state, Phys Rev Lett 86, 2050 (2001). [31] F. Wang and D. P. Landau, Determining the density of states for classical statistical models: A random walk algorithm to produce a flat histogram, Phys Rev E 64, 056101 (2001). [32] J. Lee, New monte carlo algorithm: Entropic sampling, Phys Rev Lett 71, 211 (1993).

Phenotype Selection due to Mutational Robustness: Discussion & Acknowledgment

Build Efficient Knowledge Graphs with Relik and LlamaIndex: Entity Linking & Relationship Extraction

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Relik және LlamaIndex көмегімен тиімді білім графиктерін құрастырыңыз: нысанды байланыстыру және қарым-қатынасты шығару

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Data Modeling - Entities and Events

7th Generation Data Security: Zero Trust Data Access & Entitlements

Your software is excellent. So, what’s preventing your customers from knowing more about—and adopting—more of your software offerings? Cross-portfolio access to your software applications and features can help customers derive value from a greater number of your products. Yet, three common impediments may be in the way of getting customers to embrace the valuable features and services that you provide. 1. They Don’t Know About All You Offer. If you’ve used Microsoft Word for word processing, you’ve probably also tried Microsoft Excel for creating and editing spreadsheets, both part of Microsoft 365 (formerly the Microsoft Office Suite). Maybe you use Adobe Acrobat Pro and occasionally have tried to edit some photos in Adobe Photoshop; both applications are part of Adobe Creative Cloud. In each of these examples, you’ve explored the offerings within a software supplier’s portfolio. The need for users to explore the software they use from their preferred providers isn’t just limited to what’s available from these ubiquitous offerings. Software producers across a wide variety of industries—medical, payments, restaurant management, fintech, security, and many more—offer robust software suites and portfolios. They include a variety of applications; each application includes varied, evolving features. Customers may select to do business with a company for a particular application or function of that app. Those same customers are likely looking for other functionalities to support their business. Maybe the customer needs an advanced function that may be available in different versions. Maybe they require limited-time access (such as for seasonal or project-based needs) to a particular application or feature. Maybe they’re looking for a new app to meet a specific need. If they don’t know what you offer, they’ll look elsewhere. You’re missing out on business. 2. You Make It Difficult for Customers to Try New Things. You sold a perpetual license to a customer for your flagship application. Maybe that user loves it and is loyal to that product. When you release a new feature, is it available to that user? Or are they locked into a restrictive software license, such as a perpetual monetization model (for which they paid for unlimited use of a particular software version), perhaps meaning that they can only get that new great feature if they upgrade to a newer version? Do they require a full year’s subscription for the product they need for just two weeks? If your entitlement management process (how access to software, devices, systems, and content is administered) is overly restrictive, you may be undermining business growth. By restricting access to your software products, you’re inherently preventing the exploration and adoption of your product. You’re preventing customers from learning about and trying everything you offer. 3. Your Approach to Software Monetization Isn’t Flexible Enough to Match Capacity and Demand. Each of your customers rides the waves of busy seasons in their particular business. When things are hectic, their demand for your product may go up. Perhaps they need additional users to access your software. Perhaps they would like to access your software’s premium features. Perhaps they need an additional application in your portfolio. If you’re unable to deliver the capacity that they demand, you’re missing out on opportunities to sell your entire portfolio to that account. __Elastic access __is a flexible approach that can remedy this mismatch. Rather than providing a static leased licensing capacity, elastic access offers an agile approach to the delivery of flexible usage rights. This pay-per-use approach (using what is sometimes called “prepaid,” “flexible credits,” “metered tokens,” or “consumptive tokens”) is highly practical for products and services where fluctuating usage patterns are likely. Customers can exchange prepaid credits to access any offering within your portfolio. This approach provides usage rights that stretch to accommodate your customers’ need for sporadic periods of higher consumption, allowing them to pay for specifically what they need during seasonal peaks, for specific projects, or for short-term occasional use by a particular license holder. Not only does a customer gain access to the product they need, but it helps align the expense you charge with the value that customers receive from your products. With elastic access, every consumptive event is reflected in real time. You benefit from real-time, granular usage data. This provides rapid software usage insights that can help product managers see the results of changes to products, influencing product roadmap and pricing/packaging decisions, while also supporting cross-sell and upsell initiatives. A flexible approach can also help software companies expand into new markets by providing easy entry to offerings. Access to Your Entire Portfolio Benefits the Entire Business Customers want to buy software in ways that fit their needs. Instant scalability, streamlined procurement, cost optimization and cost allocation functionality, and the ability to try new offerings without committing to long-term subscriptions are all essential for many customers. When you provide these, it benefits your bottom line, supporting customer retention and recurring revenue. Reducing friction in the sales process is always good business. Your software is excellent. So, what’s preventing your customers from knowing more about—and adopting—more of your software offerings? Your software is excellent. So, what’s preventing your customers from knowing more about—and adopting—more of your software offerings? Cross-portfolio access to your software applications and features can help customers derive value from a greater number of your products. Yet, three common impediments may be in the way of getting customers to embrace the valuable features and services that you provide. 1. They Don’t Know About All You Offer. If you’ve used Microsoft Word for word processing, you’ve probably also tried Microsoft Excel for creating and editing spreadsheets, both part of Microsoft 365 (formerly the Microsoft Office Suite). Maybe you use Adobe Acrobat Pro and occasionally have tried to edit some photos in Adobe Photoshop; both applications are part of Adobe Creative Cloud. In each of these examples, you’ve explored the offerings within a software supplier’s portfolio. The need for users to explore the software they use from their preferred providers isn’t just limited to what’s available from these ubiquitous offerings. Software producers across a wide variety of industries—medical, payments, restaurant management, fintech, security, and many more—offer robust software suites and portfolios. They include a variety of applications; each application includes varied, evolving features. Customers may select to do business with a company for a particular application or function of that app. Those same customers are likely looking for other functionalities to support their business. Maybe the customer needs an advanced function that may be available in different versions. Maybe they require limited-time access (such as for seasonal or project-based needs) to a particular application or feature. Maybe they’re looking for a new app to meet a specific need. If they don’t know what you offer, they’ll look elsewhere. You’re missing out on business. 2. You Make It Difficult for Customers to Try New Things. You sold a perpetual license to a customer for your flagship application. Maybe that user loves it and is loyal to that product. When you release a new feature, is it available to that user? Or are they locked into a restrictive software license, such as a perpetual monetization model (for which they paid for unlimited use of a particular software version), perhaps meaning that they can only get that new great feature if they upgrade to a newer version? Do they require a full year’s subscription for the product they need for just two weeks? If your entitlement management process (how access to software, devices, systems, and content is administered) is overly restrictive, you may be undermining business growth. By restricting access to your software products, you’re inherently preventing the exploration and adoption of your product. You’re preventing customers from learning about and trying everything you offer. 3. Your Approach to Software Monetization Isn’t Flexible Enough to Match Capacity and Demand. Each of your customers rides the waves of busy seasons in their particular business. When things are hectic, their demand for your product may go up. Perhaps they need additional users to access your software. Perhaps they would like to access your software’s premium features. Perhaps they need an additional application in your portfolio. If you’re unable to deliver the capacity that they demand, you’re missing out on opportunities to sell your entire portfolio to that account. __ Elastic access __is a flexible approach that can remedy this mismatch. Rather than providing a static leased licensing capacity, elastic access offers an agile approach to the delivery of flexible usage rights. This pay-per-use approach (using what is sometimes called “prepaid,” “flexible credits,” “metered tokens,” or “consumptive tokens”) is highly practical for products and services where fluctuating usage patterns are likely. Elastic access Customers can exchange prepaid credits to access any offering within your portfolio. This approach provides usage rights that stretch to accommodate your customers’ need for sporadic periods of higher consumption, allowing them to pay for specifically what they need during seasonal peaks, for specific projects, or for short-term occasional use by a particular license holder. Not only does a customer gain access to the product they need, but it helps align the expense you charge with the value that customers receive from your products. With elastic access, every consumptive event is reflected in real time. You benefit from real-time, granular usage data. This provides rapid software usage insights that can help product managers see the results of changes to products, influencing product roadmap and pricing/packaging decisions, while also supporting cross-sell and upsell initiatives. A flexible approach can also help software companies expand into new markets by providing easy entry to offerings. Access to Your Entire Portfolio Benefits the Entire Business Customers want to buy software in ways that fit their needs. Instant scalability, streamlined procurement, cost optimization and cost allocation functionality, and the ability to try new offerings without committing to long-term subscriptions are all essential for many customers. When you provide these, it benefits your bottom line, supporting customer retention and recurring revenue. Reducing friction in the sales process is always good business.

Why Aren’t Customers Exploring Your Entire Software Portfolio?

To investigate quantum superposition or qubits as the basis for consciousness, experiments should be designed for steel, iron or others. Researching for quantum consciousness where living cells are present already falsifies the hypothesis. There is a new feature in Scientific American, Experiments Prepare to Test Whether Consciousness Arises from Quantum Weirdness, suggesting that "an experience is created whenever a system goes into a quantum superposition rather than when it collapses. Any system entering a state with one or more entangled superimposed qubits will experience a moment of consciousness. The first experiment seeks to provide evidence of the relevance of quantum mechanics to neuroscience in two very accessible test beds: tiny fruit flies and cerebral organoids, the latter lentil-sized assemblies of thousands of neurons grown from human-induced pluripotent stem cells.” Any system? So why test in fruit flies and cerebral organoids, where cells are present? Why not test in wood? Matter has atoms and subatomic particles. The only known and provable case where subatomic particles, atoms, or molecules bear a capability for mind or consciousness is within living cells. What should be investigated is why subatomic particles can play a role in consciousness where living cells are present, not that consciousness is possible because of quantum interactions anywhere. If consciousness is quantum superposition involving qubits, what is the difference between how they mechanize a function like feelings and how they grade it, with attention or subjectivity? If quantum superposition and entanglement are possible anywhere outside of living cells, why not investigate there first to settle their universality for consciousness—or establish why they do when cells are present? Simply, if consciousness is possible because of quantum superposition or entanglement in cells why is it not possible elsewhere without cells? There is a new paper in Physical Review E, Entangled biphoton generation in the myelin sheath, stating that “Consciousness within the brain hinges on the synchronized activities of millions of neurons, but the mechanism responsible for orchestrating such synchronization remains elusive. The results indicate that the cylindrical cavity formed by a myelin sheath can facilitate spontaneous photon emission from the vibrational modes and generate a significant number of entangled photon pairs. These findings may offer insight into the brain's ability to leverage these resources for quantum information transfer, thereby elucidating a potential source for the synchronized activity of neurons.” How does quantum entanglement explain mental health or disorders? An important reason to advance consciousness is to know how the mind works and to know how to solve mental disorders. Is there any remote suggestion of how qubits may help to understand any mental illness? There are billions of neurons in the brain, which makes it difficult to model how information is organized. How low, below neurons, can be explored for how mind or consciousness works? How can far lower stages, below neurons, be modeled or explained for memory, emotions, feelings, or modulation of internal signals? Panpsychism says mind-like is fundamental. There is no proof of this outside of living cells. The only non-living thing that comes close is digital, with a fundamental unit as bit, not subatomic particles. Even if qubits bear this capability in quantum computing, it is still within the province of digital, not that qubits maybe responsible for sentience, anywhere else, especially in objects without living cells. A recent exploration says electricity creates consciousness, asking, "How could calcium ions rushing through a membrane generate the taste of coffee, the smell of a rose or the feeling of love?" Electrical signals of neurons can carry summaries of mind and consciousness, across destinations of chemical signals, but consciousness is not electrical signals alone, or their sole doing, conceptually, even though bioelectricity is common among cells. To investigate quantum superposition or qubits as the basis for consciousness, experiments should be designed for steel, iron or others. To investigate quantum superposition or qubits as the basis for consciousness, experiments should be designed for steel, iron or others. Researching for quantum consciousness where living cells are present already falsifies the hypothesis. There is a new feature in Scientific American , Experiments Prepare to Test Whether Consciousness Arises from Quantum Weirdness , suggesting that "an experience is created whenever a system goes into a quantum superposition rather than when it collapses. Any system entering a state with one or more entangled superimposed qubits will experience a moment of consciousness. The first experiment seeks to provide evidence of the relevance of quantum mechanics to neuroscience in two very accessible test beds: tiny fruit flies and cerebral organoids, the latter lentil-sized assemblies of thousands of neurons grown from human-induced pluripotent stem cells.” Scientific American Experiments Prepare to Test Whether Consciousness Arises from Quantum Weirdness Any system? So why test in fruit flies and cerebral organoids, where cells are present? Why not test in wood? Matter has atoms and subatomic particles. The only known and provable case where subatomic particles, atoms, or molecules bear a capability for mind or consciousness is within living cells. What should be investigated is why subatomic particles can play a role in consciousness where living cells are present, not that consciousness is possible because of quantum interactions anywhere. If consciousness is quantum superposition involving qubits, what is the difference between how they mechanize a function like feelings and how they grade it, with attention or subjectivity? If quantum superposition and entanglement are possible anywhere outside of living cells, why not investigate there first to settle their universality for consciousness—or establish why they do when cells are present? Simply, if consciousness is possible because of quantum superposition or entanglement in cells why is it not possible elsewhere without cells? why is it not possible elsewhere without cells? There is a new paper in Physical Review E , Entangled biphoton generation in the myelin sheath , stating that “Consciousness within the brain hinges on the synchronized activities of millions of neurons, but the mechanism responsible for orchestrating such synchronization remains elusive. The results indicate that the cylindrical cavity formed by a myelin sheath can facilitate spontaneous photon emission from the vibrational modes and generate a significant number of entangled photon pairs. These findings may offer insight into the brain's ability to leverage these resources for quantum information transfer, thereby elucidating a potential source for the synchronized activity of neurons.” Physical Review E Entangled biphoton generation in the myelin sheath How does quantum entanglement explain mental health or disorders? An important reason to advance consciousness is to know how the mind works and to know how to solve mental disorders. Is there any remote suggestion of how qubits may help to understand any mental illness? There are billions of neurons in the brain, which makes it difficult to model how information is organized. How low, below neurons, can be explored for how mind or consciousness works ? How low, below neurons, can be explored for how mind or consciousness works How can far lower stages, below neurons, be modeled or explained for memory, emotions, feelings, or modulation of internal signals? Panpsychism says mind-like is fundamental. There is no proof of this outside of living cells. The only non-living thing that comes close is digital, with a fundamental unit as bit, not subatomic particles. Even if qubits bear this capability in quantum computing, it is still within the province of digital, not that qubits maybe responsible for sentience, anywhere else, especially in objects without living cells. A r ecent exploration says electricity creates consciousness , asking, "How could calcium ions rushing through a membrane generate the taste of coffee, the smell of a rose or the feeling of love?" ecent exploration says electricity creates consciousness Electrical signals of neurons can carry summaries of mind and consciousness, across destinations of chemical signals, but consciousness is not electrical signals alone, or their sole doing, conceptually , even though bioelectricity is common among cells. is not electrical signals alone, or their sole doing, conceptually

Panpsychism: Quantum Superposition and Entanglement or Qubits without Cells?

**WILLEMSTAD, Curacao, August 5th, 2024/Chainwire/--**BC.GAME and Cloud9 Esports  extend their existing partnership with Cloud9’s acquisition of the Dota 2 esports team Entity.  As part of the deal, the European-based Entity has been renamed Cloud9 BC.GAME Dota 2. Entity is a prominent European Dota 2 team known for its strong performance and high rankings in the competitive Dota 2 scene. The team has consistently demonstrated its prowess in various tournaments and achieved impressive global rankings, recently securing first place at 1win Series Dota 2 Spring 2024. The rebranded Cloud9 BC.GAME Dota 2 team will make its debut at The International 2024, one of the largest events in esports. Cloud9 has a strong track record of supporting the Dota 2 scene. Cloud9 first joined the Dota 2 scene in 2014. Their roster included notable players such as Jacky "EternaLEnVy" Mao, SingSing, Johan "N0tail" Sundstein, and Kurtis "Aui_2000" Ling, which helped establish their presence in the competitive Dota 2 landscape. With their renewed presence, Cloud9 is committed to dedicating significant resources to support the team's competitive growth and potential. As a leading platform, BC.GAME offers a wide range of esports products, including Counter Strike, Dota 2, and places a strong emphasis on compliance, having recently secured a new Curacao LOK license. CEO of BC.GAME Jack Dorset said, "We are excited to strengthen our partnership with Cloud9 and make significant strides in the Dota 2 scene. This collaboration is an opportunity for us to push the boundaries of what we can achieve in esports and deliver exceptional experiences for our community". "We're thrilled to reignite our presence in the Dota 2 scene and further our ongoing partnership with BC.GAME," said Jack Etienne, Co-Founder and CEO of Cloud9. "BC.GAME's dedication to supporting our teams and creating engaging content for our fans is invaluable. This collaboration allows us to bring even more exciting experiences to the Cloud9 community." The Entity acquisition marks the second collaboration between BC.GAME and Cloud9. In August 2022, BC.GAME partnered with Cloud9, becoming their official Gaming and Sports Betting Partner. BC.GAME will continue to support Cloud9 in all CS initiatives while the team strives to bring home major titles. Both partnerships were facilitated by SportQuake, a leading sports marketing agency. About BC.GAME BC.GAME is a community-based crypto platform that offers its players the best online gaming experience possible. Launched in 2017, BC.GAME is among the first platforms to support the Lightning Network. Users can enjoy more than 8,000 games including sports, slots, and live table games. Recently, the platform has partnered with several top brands and athletes, including English Premier League team Leicester City, the Argentina National Football Team, and esports organization Cloud9. Users can learn more:  https://bc.game About Cloud9 Esports Cloud9 Esports is a leading esports team that competes in various games and tournaments. Founded in 2013, Cloud9 rapidly emerged as one of the pioneering esports organizations in North America. Cloud9 Esports boasts several remarkable accomplishments that include clinching the 2018 Rocket League World Championship, emerging victorious in the inaugural Overwatch World Championship, and holding the distinction of being the sole North American team to secure a Counter-Strike Major win and advance to the semi-finals of the League of Legends World Championship. Users can learn more: https://cloud9.gg/ Contact Olivia Dixon BC.GAME oliviadi@bcgame.com This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. **WILLEMSTAD, Curacao, August 5th, 2024/Chainwire/--**BC.GAME and Cloud9 Esports  extend their existing partnership with Cloud9’s acquisition of the Dota 2 esports team Entity.  As part of the deal, the European-based Entity has been renamed Cloud9 BC.GAME Dota 2. Entity is a prominent European Dota 2 team known for its strong performance and high rankings in the competitive Dota 2 scene. The team has consistently demonstrated its prowess in various tournaments and achieved impressive global rankings, recently securing first place at 1win Series Dota 2 Spring 2024. The rebranded Cloud9 BC.GAME Dota 2 team will make its debut at The International 2024, one of the largest events in esports. Cloud9 has a strong track record of supporting the Dota 2 scene. Cloud9 first joined the Dota 2 scene in 2014. Their roster included notable players such as Jacky "EternaLEnVy" Mao, SingSing, Johan "N0tail" Sundstein, and Kurtis "Aui_2000" Ling, which helped establish their presence in the competitive Dota 2 landscape. With their renewed presence, Cloud9 is committed to dedicating significant resources to support the team's competitive growth and potential. As a leading platform, BC.GAME offers a wide range of esports products, including Counter Strike, Dota 2, and places a strong emphasis on compliance, having recently secured a new Curacao LOK license. CEO of BC.GAME Jack Dorset said, "We are excited to strengthen our partnership with Cloud9 and make significant strides in the Dota 2 scene. This collaboration is an opportunity for us to push the boundaries of what we can achieve in esports and deliver exceptional experiences for our community". CEO of BC.GAME Jack Dorset said, "We are excited to strengthen our partnership with Cloud9 and make significant strides in the Dota 2 scene. This collaboration is an opportunity for us to push the boundaries of what we can achieve in esports and deliver exceptional experiences for our community". "We're thrilled to reignite our presence in the Dota 2 scene and further our ongoing partnership with BC.GAME," said Jack Etienne, Co-Founder and CEO of Cloud9. "BC.GAME's dedication to supporting our teams and creating engaging content for our fans is invaluable. This collaboration allows us to bring even more exciting experiences to the Cloud9 community." "We're thrilled to reignite our presence in the Dota 2 scene and further our ongoing partnership with BC.GAME," said Jack Etienne, Co-Founder and CEO of Cloud9. "BC.GAME's dedication to supporting our teams and creating engaging content for our fans is invaluable. This collaboration allows us to bring even more exciting experiences to the Cloud9 community." The Entity acquisition marks the second collaboration between BC.GAME and Cloud9. In August 2022, BC.GAME partnered with Cloud9, becoming their official Gaming and Sports Betting Partner. BC.GAME will continue to support Cloud9 in all CS initiatives while the team strives to bring home major titles. Both partnerships were facilitated by SportQuake, a leading sports marketing agency. About BC.GAME BC.GAME is a community-based crypto platform that offers its players the best online gaming experience possible. Launched in 2017, BC.GAME is among the first platforms to support the Lightning Network. Users can enjoy more than 8,000 games including sports, slots, and live table games. Recently, the platform has partnered with several top brands and athletes, including English Premier League team Leicester City, the Argentina National Football Team, and esports organization Cloud9. Users can learn more: https://bc.game https://bc.game https://bc.game About Cloud9 Esports Cloud9 Esports is a leading esports team that competes in various games and tournaments. Founded in 2013, Cloud9 rapidly emerged as one of the pioneering esports organizations in North America. Cloud9 Esports boasts several remarkable accomplishments that include clinching the 2018 Rocket League World Championship, emerging victorious in the inaugural Overwatch World Championship, and holding the distinction of being the sole North American team to secure a Counter-Strike Major win and advance to the semi-finals of the League of Legends World Championship. Users can learn more: https://cloud9.gg/ https://cloud9.gg/ https://cloud9.gg/ Contact Olivia Dixon BC.GAME oliviadi@bcgame.com This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here . here here

BC.GAME Partners With Cloud9 As The Organization Expands Esports Portfolio With Entity Acquisition

BC.GAME ক্লাউড 9-এর সাথে অংশীদাররা যেহেতু সংস্থাটি সত্তা অধিগ্রহণের সাথে Esports পোর্টফোলিও প্রসারিত করে

BC.GAME geht Partnerschaft mit Cloud9 ein und erweitert durch Unternehmensübernahme sein E-Sport-Portfolio

BC.GAME se asocia con Cloud9 mientras la organización amplía su cartera de deportes electrónicos con la adquisición de una entidad

BC.GAME s'associe à Cloud9 alors que l'organisation élargit son portefeuille d'esports avec l'acquisition d'une entité

BC.GAME ने क्लाउड9 के साथ साझेदारी की है, क्योंकि संगठन ने इकाई अधिग्रहण के साथ ईस्पोर्ट्स पोर्टफोलियो का विस्तार किया है

BC.GAME が Cloud9 と提携、企業買収により e スポーツ ポートフォリオを拡大

BC.GAME, 기업 인수를 통해 e스포츠 포트폴리오 확장에 따라 Cloud9과 파트너십 체결

BC.GAME faz parceria com Cloud9 à medida que a organização expande o portfólio de esportes eletrônicos com aquisição de entidades

BC.GAME сотрудничает с Cloud9, поскольку организация расширяет портфель киберспорта за счет приобретения компании

BC.GAME, Kuruluşun Varlık Satın Alımıyla Espor Portföyünü Genişletirken Cloud9 ile İşbirliği Yapıyor

BC.GAME hợp tác với Cloud9 khi tổ chức mở rộng danh mục đầu tư thể thao điện tử bằng việc mua lại thực thể

BC.GAME 与 Cloud9 合作，通过实体收购扩大电子竞技产品组合

Preface: This is an attempt to document a talk that I gave at a Tech conference earlier this year. The talk with the same title seemed to resonate with a lot of people and some people who couldn’t attend asked if I could share the ‘slides’. The slides barely have any text in them so I’ve decided to try to compress parts of the talk into this article instead. You may not know me, but I know you. I know you work hard, and you put your best into your work. You do so much, but somehow, you never get the visibility or recognition that you deserve. You sometimes see your peers getting recognition for their work, and you struggle to understand why that isn’t you instead. I mean, you’ve got the skills too. It’s reaaally annoying It’s annoying because you know that the most visible people or businesses get the most financial rewards, the most opportunities, and often, the most growth. It also doesn’t help that layoffs are happening daily, start-up funding is slowing down, and AI is making the future structure of work uncertain. These are truly tough times. Well, in these tough times, it has become more important than ever to ensure that your work and expertise are recognizable and visible. That seems pretty straightforward right? The only problem is that you’re not good at blowing your own horn and getting recognition for your work. You also think it’s pretty cringe… This can make it really hard. Well, this is a list of 5 low-effort ways to get recognition and visibility for your work as a tech professional or business owner. 1. Learn How to Frame Things One of the first things I ever noticed about communication is how framing could change the meaning and perception of things. Really understanding who you’re communicating with and what you’re trying to communicate can really help with getting more recognition for your work. For example, there’s a difference between: “I’m a product manager at BNP Paribas” and “I’m a product manager at Europe’s second-largest bank.” There’s a difference between: “I upgraded the hard drive to 100GB” and “I upgraded the hard drive so it can now hold 1000 more songs” You need to know how to simplify things, make them more interesting, and also add context when necessary. This will help people understand what you do and how much value you bring. Learn how to frame things. 2. Find Your Sponsors. Have you ever seen this iconic scene from The Lion King? You know, where Rafiki is raising Simba high in the air so the entire Pride Land can see him? Rafiki in this situation is what we call a sponsor. A sponsor is ideally: Someone ahead of you in their career.


Someone who cares about your development.


Someone willing to mention your name in rooms that you’re not in. Because I assure you that these rooms exist. When promotions are being discussed in your organization or when VCs are trying to decide if they should invest in your start-up or not. They ask about you. Having sponsors or supporters who can vouch for you in these situations is very important. Look around your organization or industry, identify people who fit this description, tell them about your career goals, and ask for their support. In most cases, they will agree to support you, and this can be a game-changer for your career. 3. Don’t Be Afraid to Put Your Ideas Out There There’s nothing new here. We all know that we should post more on social media, write more blog posts, ask more questions in meetings, etc. What we don’t know is how to get over the anxiety that comes with actually doing this even though we know that we know what we’re saying. A simple hack around this is to learn how to build a reputation without being an expert. How I do this, is by framing things as ‘my opinion’. For example, if there’s a new model on ChatGPT, I could write an article titled “I tested the latest ChatGPT model to see how much it understood African context.” From the content of the article, the reader will be able to tell that I have an interest and probably some experience with AI, that I seem to have a technical understanding, and maybe that I have some interesting ideas. And this will happen all without me calling myself an ‘expert’ or risking people trying to ‘dunk on me’ on the internet. Sharing ideas in this way also helps you become less worried about whether your idea is accepted or not. With this in place, you will start to become more comfortable with sharing your ideas. 4. Don’t Leave It to Chance. One of the biggest mistakes I see people make is that they think, “I’ll just keep working hard, soon everyone will notice the awesome work I’m doing, and more opportunities will come my way.” It happens because we’re so deep in our work, and we think everyone else is experiencing it the same way we are. The truth is no one can see you or your work most times because they are much too bothered about their own work and life. And on the rare occasion that they notice, you would have done double the work that you’re getting recognized for at that point. Don’t take the hard route; don’t leave things to chance or luck. You have to go after what you want. You have to: Be clear on what you want. — E.g. I want to get more publicity for my start-up. Make sure others understand it too. — Tell friends, family, and mentors about what you’re trying to achieve. Ask for it. — E.g., Reach out to journalists, tell them about your start-up, and ask if they’re interested in doing a story on it Whatever you do, don’t leave it to chance. 5. Trust the Process. I know exactly what’s going to happen next. You’re going to get motivated by this post; you’ll start sharing your ideas more and putting yourself out there. Then, in a few weeks, you’re going to stop. You’re going to stop because things are not changing as quickly as you thought they would. Well, of course they won’t! They won’t unless you focus on your input and trust the process. You need to focus on what you’re putting in rather than what you’re getting out, especially in the early days. Just make up your mind, and start making small moves towards your goal. Because once you learn how to frame things, once you stop being afraid of putting your ideas out there, once you stop leaving things to chance, once you find a sponsor, and when you learn to trust the process, things will start to change for you. You will start to receive recognition for your work. You will start getting access to opportunities that you didn’t even know existed and your career will start to move to new levels. Because, what I really, truuulllllyy believe, is that you’re great at what you do, and everyone should know. Hey, thanks for reading. I’m trying to be consistent with writing this year, so I appreciate you reading this. If you enjoyed reading this, then I’d appreciate it if you shared it with someone who needs to read this. You’d be helping them Preface : This is an attempt to document a talk that I gave at a Tech conference earlier this year. The talk with the same title seemed to resonate with a lot of people and some people who couldn’t attend asked if I could share the ‘slides’. The slides barely have any text in them so I’ve decided to try to compress parts of the talk into this article instead. Preface Preface You may not know me, but I know you. I know you work hard, and you put your best into your work. You do so much, but somehow, you never get the visibility or recognition that you deserve. You sometimes see your peers getting recognition for their work, and you struggle to understand why that isn’t you instead. I mean, you’ve got the skills too. It’s reaaally annoying reaaally It’s annoying because you know that the most visible people or businesses get the most financial rewards, the most opportunities, and often, the most growth. It also doesn’t help that layoffs are happening daily, start-up funding is slowing down, and AI is making the future structure of work uncertain. These are truly tough times. truly Well, in these tough times, it has become more important than ever to ensure that your work and expertise are recognizable and visible. That seems pretty straightforward right? The only problem is that you’re not good at blowing your own horn and getting recognition for your work. You also think it’s pretty cringe… This can make it really hard. Well, this is a list of 5 low-effort ways to get recognition and visibility for your work as a tech professional or business owner. 1. Learn How to Frame Things One of the first things I ever noticed about communication is how framing could change the meaning and perception of things. Really understanding who you’re communicating with and what you’re trying to communicate can really help with getting more recognition for your work. For example, there’s a difference between: “ I’m a product manager at BNP Paribas ” and “ I’m a product manager at Europe’s second-largest bank. ” I’m a product manager at BNP Paribas I’m a product manager at Europe’s second-largest bank. There’s a difference between: “ I upgraded the hard drive to 100GB ” and “ I upgraded the hard drive so it can now hold 1000 more songs” I upgraded the hard drive to 100GB I upgraded the hard drive so it can now hold 1000 You need to know how to simplify things, make them more interesting, and also add context when necessary. This will help people understand what you do and how much value you bring. Learn how to frame things. 2. Find Your Sponsors. Have you ever seen this iconic scene from The Lion King ? You know, where Rafiki is raising Simba high in the air so the entire Pride Land can see him? The Lion King Rafiki Simba Rafiki in this situation is what we call a sponsor. A sponsor is ideally: Someone ahead of you in their career. Someone who cares about your development. Someone willing to mention your name in rooms that you’re not in. Someone ahead of you in their career. Someone ahead of you in their career. Someone who cares about your development. Someone who cares about your development. Someone willing to mention your name in rooms that you’re not in. Someone willing to mention your name in rooms that you’re not in. Because I assure you that these rooms exist. When promotions are being discussed in your organization or when VCs are trying to decide if they should invest in your start-up or not. They ask about you. Having sponsors or supporters who can vouch for you in these situations is very important. Look around your organization or industry, identify people who fit this description, tell them about your career goals, and ask for their support. In most cases, they will agree to support you, and this can be a game-changer for your career. 3. Don’t Be Afraid to Put Your Ideas Out There There’s nothing new here. We all know that we should post more on social media, write more blog posts, ask more questions in meetings, etc. What we don’t know is how to get over the anxiety that comes with actually doing this even though we know that we know what we’re saying. A simple hack around this is to learn how to build a reputation without being an expert. How I do this, is by framing things as ‘my opinion’. For example, if there’s a new model on ChatGPT, I could write an article titled “ I tested the latest ChatGPT model to see how much it understood African context. ” I tested the latest ChatGPT model to see how much it understood African context. From the content of the article, the reader will be able to tell that I have an interest and probably some experience with AI, that I seem to have a technical understanding, and maybe that I have some interesting ideas. And this will happen all without me calling myself an ‘expert’ or risking people trying to ‘dunk on me’ on the internet. Sharing ideas in this way also helps you become less worried about whether your idea is accepted or not. With this in place, you will start to become more comfortable with sharing your ideas. 4. Don’t Leave It to Chance. One of the biggest mistakes I see people make is that they think, “ I’ll just keep working hard, soon everyone will notice the awesome work I’m doing, and more opportunities will come my way. ” I’ll just keep working hard, soon everyone will notice the awesome work I’m doing, and more opportunities will come my way. It happens because we’re so deep in our work, and we think everyone else is experiencing it the same way we are. The truth is no one can see you or your work most times because they are much too bothered about their own work and life. And on the rare occasion that they notice, you would have done double the work that you’re getting recognized for at that point. Don’t take the hard route; don’t leave things to chance or luck. You have to go after what you want. You have to: Be clear on what you want. — E.g. I want to get more publicity for my start-up. Be clear on what you want. — E.g. I want to get more publicity for my start-up. Be clear on what you want. Make sure others understand it too. — Tell friends, family, and mentors about what you’re trying to achieve. Make sure others understand it too. — Tell friends, family, and mentors about what you’re trying to achieve. Make sure others understand it too. Ask for it. — E.g., Reach out to journalists, tell them about your start-up, and ask if they’re interested in doing a story on it Ask for it. — E.g., Reach out to journalists, tell them about your start-up, and ask if they’re interested in doing a story on it Ask for it. Whatever you do, don’t leave it to chance. 5. Trust the Process. I know exactly what’s going to happen next. You’re going to get motivated by this post; you’ll start sharing your ideas more and putting yourself out there. Then, in a few weeks, you’re going to stop. You’re going to stop because things are not changing as quickly as you thought they would. Well, of course they won’t! They won’t unless you focus on your input and trust the process. You need to focus on what you’re putting in rather than what you’re getting out, especially in the early days. Just make up your mind, and start making small moves towards your goal. Because once you learn how to frame things , once you stop being afraid of putting your ideas out there , once you stop leaving things to chance , once you find a sponsor, and when you learn to trust the process , things will start to change for you. learn how to frame things stop being afraid of putting your ideas out there stop leaving things to chance find a sponsor, learn to trust the process You will start to receive recognition for your work. You will start getting access to opportunities that you didn’t even know existed and your career will start to move to new levels. Because, what I really, truuulllllyy believe, is that you’re great at what you do, and everyone should know. great Hey, thanks for reading. I’m trying to be consistent with writing this year, so I appreciate you reading this. If you enjoyed reading this, then I’d appreciate it if you shared it with someone who needs to read this. You’d be helping them

No One Knows That You're Great At What You Do

*Credit of image: Unsplash (Tian-Shan Range, Wensu, Aksu, China) *Landsat, Sentinel, CBERS, and Amazonia satellites in the context of orbital-level multispectral imaging Nowadays, there are plenty of ways to access and use satellite imagery—here's a rundown of some of the main options I use in my personal projects, all of which are free :-) A (very) Quick Overview of Satellite Options First off, let's talk about the satellites and sensors themselves. There are many options today, each with unique capabilities. For agricultural and environmental analysis (what I do on a daily basis), two of the most commonly used satellite programs are Landsat and Sentinel. Each has been part of multiple missions with evolving sensors over the decades, offering increasingly rich data for various applications. Sentinel Sentinel-2, for example, is part of the European Copernicus program and specializes in multispectral imaging. As of now, there are three satellites in the Sentinel-2 series: Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C (the last one launched very recently, in September 2024, here). (Usually my first choice, as it can combine the best spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions). Landsat Landsat, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) under the National Land Imaging Program, has been active since the 1970s. Its most recent mission is Landsat-9, which, like its predecessors, provides multispectral imaging for a variety of uses. With so many satellite programs, it's essential to choose based on your specific project needs. Some satellites focus on particular regions of the planet, while others have more global objectives, which leads me to also include other less conventional options here (on the international scene). Brazilian Satellites: CBERS and Amazonia. If you're interested in national programs, Brazil offers two noteworthy options: CBERS (China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite): This Sino-Brazilian collaboration has launched several missions. The most recent, CBERS-4A, provides orbital-level multispectral imaging alongside earlier CBERS satellites with different sensors. Amazonia-1: Launched in 2021, this is Brazil's first entirely locally-developed satellite. While it offers multispectral imaging like the others, its spatial resolution is relatively lower. Its main goal is to monitor vast forested areas like the Amazon (as the name suggests). Future missions include Amazonia-1B and Amazonia-2. Of all the options above, I would say that the ideal scenario would be to use all available options to have the largest possible amount of imagery for your area. However, this approach raises at least two important questions to consider: What is the purpose of your analysis? (and whether a higher frequency of images is even necessary)
How will you handle processing so that all the different images are compatible for analysis? Where to Get Satellite Imagery Once you know your project's requirements and the sensors that meet them, there are several ways to access the data. Whether you need occasional imagery for reports or frequent data for large-scale analysis, here are the main platforms and acquisition methods: Official Data Portals Landsat: Earth Explorer
Sentinel: Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem
CBERS and Amazonia: INPE Image Catalog Other options include GloVis, for example. 2. Cloud Platforms Google Earth Engine (GEE): Access a huge catalog of satellite data, including Landsat, Sentinel, CBERS, and many other products. It includes a web-based code editor for quick use and APIs for JavaScript (there is a lot already ready to use in JS, so it's pretty much doable even if you're not familiar with the language—I, personally, am not) and Python.
Amazon Web Services (AWS): Landsat and Sentinel data are available on AWS. Check out the AWS Open Data Registry for details. APIs and Programmatic Access For more technical users, APIs and Python libraries are powerful tools: Sentinel API: Learn more
Landsat API: Learn more
CBERS and Amazonia API: INPE STAC Browser
Python Libraries: Libraries like pystac-client are great because they support multiple catalogs via the SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog (STAC) standard. With one library, you can access all these providers and much more. Third-Party Tools and Software Sentinel Hub: A commercial service offering easy access to Sentinel and other satellite imagery
Earth Data (NASA): A great option for additional datasets, similar to catalogs in GEE
GIS Software: Tools like QGIS and ArcGIS often integrate directly with satellite data repositories. In QGIS, you may need a plugin to fetch and process the data. Be sure to check the plugin's maintenance status for continuity. Final Thoughts The satellite and sensor landscape offers an incredible variety of options, but navigating them, especially in the beginning, can feel overwhelming. The good news? Once you identify your needs and the right sensors (lots of work to be done here!), there are plenty of tools and platforms—most of them free—to access the data and put it to work for your project. *Credit of image: Unsplash ( Tian-Shan Range, Wensu, Aksu, China) *Credit of image: Unsplash ( Tian-Shan Range, Wensu, Aksu, China ) Tian-Shan Range, Wensu, Aksu, China *Landsat, Sentinel, CBERS, and Amazonia satellites in the context of orbital-level multispectral imaging *Landsat, Sentinel, CBERS, and Amazonia satellites in the context of orbital-level multispectral imaging Nowadays, there are plenty of ways to access and use satellite imagery—here's a rundown of some of the main options I use in my personal projects, all of which are free :-) A (very) Quick Overview of Satellite Options A (very) Quick Overview of Satellite Options First off, let's talk about the satellites and sensors themselves. There are many options today, each with unique capabilities. For agricultural and environmental analysis (what I do on a daily basis), two of the most commonly used satellite programs are Landsat and Sentinel. Each has been part of multiple missions with evolving sensors over the decades, offering increasingly rich data for various applications. Sentinel Sentinel-2, for example, is part of the European Copernicus program and specializes in multispectral imaging. As of now, there are three satellites in the Sentinel-2 series: Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C (the last one launched very recently, in September 2024, here ). (Usually my first choice, as it can combine the best spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions). here Landsat Landsat, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) under the National Land Imaging Program, has been active since the 1970s. Its most recent mission is Landsat-9, which, like its predecessors, provides multispectral imaging for a variety of uses. With so many satellite programs, it's essential to choose based on your specific project needs. Some satellites focus on particular regions of the planet, while others have more global objectives, which leads me to also include other less conventional options here (on the international scene). Brazilian Satellites: CBERS and Amazonia. If you're interested in national programs, Brazil offers two noteworthy options: Brazilian Satellites: Brazilian Satellites: CBERS (China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite): This Sino-Brazilian collaboration has launched several missions. The most recent, CBERS-4A, provides orbital-level multispectral imaging alongside earlier CBERS satellites with different sensors. Amazonia-1: Launched in 2021, this is Brazil's first entirely locally-developed satellite. While it offers multispectral imaging like the others, its spatial resolution is relatively lower. Its main goal is to monitor vast forested areas like the Amazon (as the name suggests). Future missions include Amazonia-1B and Amazonia-2. Of all the options above, I would say that the ideal scenario would be to use all available options to have the largest possible amount of imagery for your area. However, this approach raises at least two important questions to consider: ideal use all available options What is the purpose of your analysis? (and whether a higher frequency of images is even necessary) How will you handle processing so that all the different images are compatible for analysis? What is the purpose of your analysis? (and whether a higher frequency of images is even necessary) purpose How will you handle processing so that all the different images are compatible for analysis? processing Where to Get Satellite Imagery Where to Get Satellite Imagery Once you know your project's requirements and the sensors that meet them, there are several ways to access the data. Whether you need occasional imagery for reports or frequent data for large-scale analysis, here are the main platforms and acquisition methods: Official Data Portals Official Data Portals Official Data Portals Landsat: Earth Explorer Sentinel: Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem CBERS and Amazonia: INPE Image Catalog Landsat: Earth Explorer Earth Explorer Sentinel: Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem CBERS and Amazonia: INPE Image Catalog INPE Image Catalog Other options include GloVis , for example. GloVis 2. Cloud Platforms 2. Cloud Platforms Google Earth Engine (GEE): Access a huge catalog of satellite data, including Landsat, Sentinel, CBERS, and many other products. It includes a web-based code editor for quick use and APIs for JavaScript (there is a lot already ready to use in JS, so it's pretty much doable even if you're not familiar with the language—I, personally, am not) and Python. Amazon Web Services (AWS): Landsat and Sentinel data are available on AWS. Check out the AWS Open Data Registry for details. Google Earth Engine (GEE) : Access a huge catalog of satellite data, including Landsat, Sentinel, CBERS, and many other products. It includes a web-based code editor for quick use and APIs for JavaScript (there is a lot already ready to use in JS, so it's pretty much doable even if you're not familiar with the language—I, personally, am not) and Python. Google Earth Engine (GEE) Amazon Web Services (AWS): Landsat and Sentinel data are available on AWS. Check out the AWS Open Data Registry for details. AWS Open Data Registry APIs and Programmatic Access APIs and Programmatic Access APIs and Programmatic Access For more technical users, APIs and Python libraries are powerful tools: Sentinel API: Learn more Landsat API: Learn more CBERS and Amazonia API: INPE STAC Browser Python Libraries: Libraries like pystac-client are great because they support multiple catalogs via the SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog (STAC) standard. With one library, you can access all these providers and much more. Sentinel API : Learn more Sentinel API Landsat API : Learn more Landsat API CBERS and Amazonia API: INPE STAC Browser INPE STAC Browser Python Libraries: Libraries like pystac-client are great because they support multiple catalogs via the SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog (STAC) standard. With one library, you can access all these providers and much more. pystac-client Third-Party Tools and Software Third-Party Tools and Software Third-Party Tools and Software Sentinel Hub: A commercial service offering easy access to Sentinel and other satellite imagery Earth Data (NASA): A great option for additional datasets, similar to catalogs in GEE GIS Software: Tools like QGIS and ArcGIS often integrate directly with satellite data repositories. In QGIS, you may need a plugin to fetch and process the data. Be sure to check the plugin's maintenance status for continuity. Sentinel Hub: A commercial service offering easy access to Sentinel and other satellite imagery Sentinel Hub: Earth Data (NASA) : A great option for additional datasets, similar to catalogs in GEE Earth Data (NASA) GIS Software: Tools like QGIS and ArcGIS often integrate directly with satellite data repositories. In QGIS, you may need a plugin to fetch and process the data. Be sure to check the plugin's maintenance status for continuity. QGIS Final Thoughts The satellite and sensor landscape offers an incredible variety of options, but navigating them, especially in the beginning, can feel overwhelming. The good news? Once you identify your needs and the right sensors (lots of work to be done here!), there are plenty of tools and platforms—most of them free—to access the data and put it to work for your project.

How to Get Started with Free Satellite Imagery: Sentinel, Landsat, CBERS, and More

বিনামূল্যে স্যাটেলাইট ছবি দিয়ে কীভাবে শুরু করবেন: সেন্টিনেল, ল্যান্ডস্যাট, সিবিইআরএস এবং আরও অনেক কিছু

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د وړیا سپوږمکۍ انځورونو سره څنګه پیل کول: سینټینیل، لینډات، CBERS، او نور

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Black Friday is nearly here, which means customers will be swarming stores to snag the best deals — and retailers will be bracing for the corresponding boost in thefts. But even aside from the Black Friday bump, theft is a growing problem for many retailers. How could AI reduce the risk? 1. Enabling Automatic Cart Audits Some retailers have employees standing near store exits to check shoppers’ receipts as they leave, verifying that the list of items matches their cart contents. However, this process often becomes cumbersome during busy periods, requiring people to wait in lines. Leaders at Sam’s Club believe AI can do the task faster. As of April 2024, more than 120 locations used AI exit scanning technology, and the overall figure matched executives’ goal of adding AI to 20% of its stores by the end of the first quarter. Sam’s Club represents the largest deployment of such customer-facing technology in the retail industry. Customers who engage with it can leave stores 23% faster, and internal data shows more than 50% of shoppers use it. Notably, before rolling out this solution, Sam’s Club employees got feedback from customers about current pain points and what they wanted from their experiences. Participants mentioned they’d like faster and more convenient shopping trips and consistently brought up the waiting times associated with the previous cart audits as a primary downside.  Now, computer-vision cameras and digital technologies work in the background to check that cart contents match a customer’s payment records. This high-tech approach aligns with the company’s other improvements, such as its Scan & Go offering, which allows people to bypass the traditional checkout process when buying their items. The market value for AI products in retail was approximately $5 billion in 2023, and it’s expected to grow. Decision-makers are even more likely to reap the benefits if they do as Sam’s Club leaders did and gather customer feedback. 2. Curbing Potentially Harmful Employee Preferentiality Most people think of customers as the main people behind retail theft, but workers can exacerbate the problem, too. Sometimes, they might slip small items into their pockets during slow periods, believing no one will notice and they will never get caught. The circumstances can also become more complicated. One example is what some in the retail industry call “sweethearting.” It happens when employees give discounts or free items to friends or relatives. One tech company, Corsight AI, began offering AI technology to detect such interactions. More specifically, it spots unusual behavior by analyzing how close customers stand to employees. Because the tool tracks engagements over time, it can also determine if specific shoppers keep going to the same employee’s cash register or otherwise show a preference. The system flags unusual behaviors to the relevant store decision-makers, letting them decide whether to act. Critics have pointed out that regularly engaging with the same employees when shopping at a store doesn’t necessarily mean anything suspicious. Perhaps a customer appreciates a worker’s friendliness, efficiency or product knowledge, causing them to naturally interact when opportunities arise. However, increasing theft problems have caused some retail leaders to scrutinize things they might have previously ignored. That is particularly true for retailers selling high-value items. For example, jewelry companies’ crime-related losses exceeded $129 million in 2022. These retailers usually have high-tech security systems, but those defenses probably won’t catch occasional instances of store workers offering unusually generous discounts. AI tools might. 3. Providing Better Awareness Although circumstances vary, some potential shoplifters target locations before attempting to steal things. During each visit, they gather information such as the number of workers in the store at particular times, whether certain departments or products have dedicated security measures and the locations of entrances and exits. Someone who goes to a well-staffed store, notices numerous security cameras and sees how employees seem continually aware of their surroundings may decide against proceeding with theft attempt plans. Conversely, stores that seem virtually deserted and feature few or no visible security cameras are much more appealing to would-be thieves. Because AI products can work in the background and detect unusual occurrences, they help loss prevention officers and others become more aware of what happens in individual stores. For example, Everseen creates AI tech that can be used to help reduce self-checkout theft. Part of its approach involves processing footage from ceiling-mounted cameras, often gathering tens of millions of customer interactions daily. Another helpful aspect of the technology is that it can scan shelves to determine when specific products are almost out of stock. Additionally, retail leaders can use this product to get near-real-time analytics about what’s happening in a store and receive prompts about handling certain situations. For example, if the AI spots a frustrated customer, it might prompt a worker to engage with them to learn what’s wrong. Many retailers already use artificial intelligence creatively by incorporating it into their demand-planning processes. For example, automating supply chain activities could reduce costs by as much as 10%, making that goal a worthy pursuit for cost-conscious parties. In any case, improved awareness provided by specialty tech products could help retailers manage theft. 4. Analyzing Shoppers’ Gestures Although many retailers use facial recognition technologies, some consumers dislike the perceived lack of privacy. An AI alternative is potentially less invasive because it does not analyze people’s appearance, but rather whether they make suspicious movements commonly linked to theft. Wild Duck Wine & Spirits in Boston uses an AI product from company Veesion on all 24 of its security camera feeds. The technology checks shoppers’ gestures to see if they match those frequently used during shoplifting. For example, someone might try to conceal something in a clothing pocket. Another “red flag” occurs when people hide items in baby strollers. Finally, people may eat or drink while shopping, potentially consuming what they have not paid for yet. If the AI spots something specific, it alerts workers approximately 15 seconds later, providing a video clip of the event. Those employees can then choose whether to confront the person or see if they try to skip the checkout counter. A representative from the AI company explained that this solution is about more than stopping people from stealing single items. It sends them a message that they should not try to repeat their actions because they’ll get caught. Minimizing Theft in Retail These fascinating examples show how AI can help store managers, loss prevention officers and other responsible parties reduce the frequency of theft in their locations. Choosing the appropriate tools and learning how to use them properly is crucial for success. Black Friday is nearly here, which means customers will be swarming stores to snag the best deals — and retailers will be bracing for the corresponding boost in thefts. But even aside from the Black Friday bump, theft is a growing problem for many retailers. How could AI reduce the risk? Black Friday is nearly here, which means customers will be swarming stores to snag the best deals — and retailers will be bracing for the corresponding boost in thefts. But even aside from the Black Friday bump, theft is a growing problem for many retailers. How could AI reduce the risk? 1. Enabling Automatic Cart Audits 1. Enabling Automatic Cart Audits Some retailers have employees standing near store exits to check shoppers’ receipts as they leave, verifying that the list of items matches their cart contents. However, this process often becomes cumbersome during busy periods, requiring people to wait in lines. Leaders at Sam’s Club believe AI can do the task faster. As of April 2024, more than 120 locations used AI exit scanning technology, and the overall figure matched executives’ goal of adding AI to 20% of its stores by the end of the first quarter. Sam’s Club represents the largest deployment of such customer-facing technology in the retail industry. Customers who engage with it can leave stores 23% faster , and internal data shows more than 50% of shoppers use it. Notably, before rolling out this solution, Sam’s Club employees got feedback from customers about current pain points and what they wanted from their experiences. leave stores 23% faster leave stores 23% faster Participants mentioned they’d like faster and more convenient shopping trips and consistently brought up the waiting times associated with the previous cart audits as a primary downside.  Now, computer-vision cameras and digital technologies work in the background to check that cart contents match a customer’s payment records. This high-tech approach aligns with the company’s other improvements, such as its Scan & Go offering, which allows people to bypass the traditional checkout process when buying their items. The market value for AI products in retail was approximately $5 billion in 2023 , and it’s expected to grow. Decision-makers are even more likely to reap the benefits if they do as Sam’s Club leaders did and gather customer feedback. approximately $5 billion in 2023 approximately $5 billion in 2023 2. Curbing Potentially Harmful Employee Preferentiality Most people think of customers as the main people behind retail theft, but workers can exacerbate the problem, too. Sometimes, they might slip small items into their pockets during slow periods, believing no one will notice and they will never get caught. The circumstances can also become more complicated. One example is what some in the retail industry call “sweethearting.” It happens when employees give discounts or free items to friends or relatives. One tech company, Corsight AI, began offering AI technology to detect such interactions. More specifically, it spots unusual behavior by analyzing how close customers stand to employees. Because the tool tracks engagements over time, it can also determine if specific shoppers keep going to the same employee’s cash register or otherwise show a preference. The system flags unusual behaviors to the relevant store decision-makers, letting them decide whether to act. spots unusual behavior spots unusual behavior Critics have pointed out that regularly engaging with the same employees when shopping at a store doesn’t necessarily mean anything suspicious. Perhaps a customer appreciates a worker’s friendliness, efficiency or product knowledge, causing them to naturally interact when opportunities arise. However, increasing theft problems have caused some retail leaders to scrutinize things they might have previously ignored. That is particularly true for retailers selling high-value items. For example, jewelry companies’ crime-related losses exceeded $129 million in 2022. These retailers usually have high-tech security systems, but those defenses probably won’t catch occasional instances of store workers offering unusually generous discounts. AI tools might. 3. Providing Better Awareness Although circumstances vary, some potential shoplifters target locations before attempting to steal things. During each visit, they gather information such as the number of workers in the store at particular times, whether certain departments or products have dedicated security measures and the locations of entrances and exits. Someone who goes to a well-staffed store, notices numerous security cameras and sees how employees seem continually aware of their surroundings may decide against proceeding with theft attempt plans. Conversely, stores that seem virtually deserted and feature few or no visible security cameras are much more appealing to would-be thieves. Because AI products can work in the background and detect unusual occurrences, they help loss prevention officers and others become more aware of what happens in individual stores. For example, Everseen creates AI tech that can be used to help reduce self-checkout theft. Part of its approach involves processing footage from ceiling-mounted cameras, often gathering tens of millions of customer interactions daily. Another helpful aspect of the technology is that it can scan shelves to determine when specific products are almost out of stock. Additionally, retail leaders can use this product to get near-real-time analytics about what’s happening in a store and receive prompts about handling certain situations. For example, if the AI spots a frustrated customer, it might prompt a worker to engage with them to learn what’s wrong. Many retailers already use artificial intelligence creatively by incorporating it into their demand-planning processes. For example, automating supply chain activities could reduce costs by as much as 10% , making that goal a worthy pursuit for cost-conscious parties. In any case, improved awareness provided by specialty tech products could help retailers manage theft. by as much as 10% by as much as 10% 4. Analyzing Shoppers’ Gestures Although many retailers use facial recognition technologies, some consumers dislike the perceived lack of privacy. An AI alternative is potentially less invasive because it does not analyze people’s appearance, but rather whether they make suspicious movements commonly linked to theft. Wild Duck Wine & Spirits in Boston uses an AI product from company Veesion on all 24 of its security camera feeds. The technology checks shoppers’ gestures to see if they match those frequently used during shoplifting. For example, someone might try to conceal something in a clothing pocket. Another “red flag” occurs when people hide items in baby strollers. Finally, people may eat or drink while shopping, potentially consuming what they have not paid for yet. If the AI spots something specific, it alerts workers approximately 15 seconds later , providing a video clip of the event. Those employees can then choose whether to confront the person or see if they try to skip the checkout counter. approximately 15 seconds later approximately 15 seconds later A representative from the AI company explained that this solution is about more than stopping people from stealing single items. It sends them a message that they should not try to repeat their actions because they’ll get caught. Minimizing Theft in Retail These fascinating examples show how AI can help store managers, loss prevention officers and other responsible parties reduce the frequency of theft in their locations. Choosing the appropriate tools and learning how to use them properly is crucial for success.

With Black Friday Coming Up, Retailers Are Better Off Using AI to Combat Theft

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