ElectroNeek is a fast-growing B2B SaaS company in the Robotic Process Automation space

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I wrote this article for my fellow CEOs and all the rest of us in order to discover how to lead the organizations and teams who are . challenged by these turbulent times Last month, you probably read dozens of articles on how to improve the of your teams and companies or on how to increase a runaway of your business (layoffs!), or how to apply for PPP (or, if you live outside of the U.S., your local business stimulus package). While I do not consider myself an expert in any of these areas, I have run a company that is remote from day one, and all of these concerns seem to address the same question: I firmly believe that organizations that are unable to find a solution to this question will be extinct within 2-3 years, and to this end, I propose an answer: Automation. Let me explain why. work-from-home productivity “how can I do more with fewer resources?” As CEO, I’ve always been aware of the routine nature of some of the many tasks which my employees must perform and neither the astonishing number of times that they must rely on Ctrl+C/Ctrl+V nor the significant amount of time they have to spend updating spreadsheets surprises me. Even in my own experience, I have personally had thousands of worksheets to monitor, manage, and audit. But here’s the deal; all of these tasks are nevertheless essential for business performance if you want to be able to see the big picture of business activities. Luckily, we are not in The Office U.S., and our computers don’t have to be managers’ enemies, they can actually help them strive and succeed by performing tedious tasks (that people don’t like). What is the meaning of automation? Generally, automation is referred to the application of machines to tasks that are typically performed by human beings, or functions that would be otherwise impossible to accomplish ( ). However, several decades ago, this definition changed when people began implementing automation to save time and energy from hard, unpleasant operations. Instead, these tasks were transferred to computers, and the now-free human time was applied to more analytical or entertaining activities. As the demand for productivity soared, human time became comparatively more valuable than the hardware and software is now used for tedious, repetitive tasks. The same thing is happening in workplaces all around the world. Britannica Automation is no longer a tool just for replacing people; it is a digital assistant that helps you achieve your goals faster by focusing on them without distraction, without delay, and without you. This is especially obvious in IT because, with the mind-blowing , we’d all like to have something like Thor’s Mjölnir to help us get through loads of new data pouring from every corner (Batmobile works too if you ask me). speed of technological acceleration Why now, really? The new reality we live in has its own rules, and those who can’t compete now face serious problems. The viral states that the disease will start doing to businesses what it does to people — imperiling the elderly ones who have preexisting conditions but also ravaging some younger targets with previously unidentified vulnerabilities. This is harsh but true. found 64% of executives anticipating lower revenue continuing at least one year from now; 16% believe their revenues will actually be higher. 43% of CEOs expect revenue to be down by more than 20% in a year. article from Washington Post The YPO survey Only a handful of sectors are thriving, including the video game industry and online education (even had to stop the production of the new content). You’ve probably heard about the digital transformation a million times before, maybe even considered trying it. But the time for an ultimate test is already here, and you have to do something. Netflix Here’s where the perception of automation shifts: before COVID-19 crisis automation separated winners from laggards, now it draws a line between dead from alive. What to do with this ‘superpower’? Automation provides opportunities to reduce processing costs and increase the productivity of employees by freeing people from tiresome tasks. This opens the door of possibilities for people to take on more exciting, challenging assignments, fulfill their potential, and successfully achieve business goals. You can find more benefits from automation . in this article If you’re like me, you like specifics. So I’m going to share with you two scenarios of automation implementation that saved 24 jobs, ~410 hours of work, and $11.700 on average to the owners. Competitive Analysis In February, the restaurant in question had to switch to strictly delivery-service and also had to update their main website. In order to stay relevant in the market, they calibrated their new menu and boosted social media activity. However, to win clients, they also needed to do a complete analysis of the competition they faced. Since every other restaurant in the city was a competitor, that analysis got complicated quickly and the scope of the work was massive. One software robot extracted the menus and prices from all known restaurants in the city, consolidated them into a single spreadsheet, and organized them into predefined criteria in under 1.5 hours. No layoffs. The next day, they reopened online and kept making deliveries of their delicious Pho. As a result: The restaurant owner repurposed the software robot to streamline payments and invoices. Extra: CRM Contact Database Enrichment An insurance company is looking for new ways to find potential clients. With programmed robots, this process can be done in the background while the managers focus on more urgent tasks. After the bot is launched, it goes into the CRM system and finds deals that were put on hold or frozen. Then, it goes to LinkedIn Sales Navigator, finds additional key decision-makers, and creates an email to send to the prospects. For a person, it is a process; for a bot, it’s a workflow that has to be performed accordingly. Reopened deals. As a result: After the task in Sales Navigator, they also repurposed bots for automatic reporting. Extra: Where do I start? It might sound like a bit of a cliché, but you should always start small with the most automation-ready processes. I know the first question will be about what exactly is ‘automation ready’ and how these processes are found. From my experience, there are a handful of strategies to accomplish this: Talk directly to the people involved. Don’t ask people if they simply have processes to automate. At first, they might be scared of the possibility that robots will take over their job and make them obsolete. Instead, ask them about what they spend the most time on, and which tasks are the most repetitive. Of course, this isn’t always fail-safe; if they’ve done something a thousand times manually, they might be so caught up in their routine that automating that task isn’t even a blip on their radar. Find a real example with your project team. The value of a Proof-of-Concept is that it helps people identify gaps within a process that might interfere with your success. A specific example always helps because it allows the individual to consider where they have seen something like that before - and enables them to recognize the tasks which typically look small and unimportant but equate a significant drain on time. Automation consultants. There are specialists in automation that would be happy to jump on to your implementation process and make sure everything works perfectly. However, it’s not that much of a possibility right now, since the price of such service acts as a financial barrier and the ongoing self-isolation prevents peer-to-peer contact. Use the automated process search in the Calaveras release. This tool allows you to learn how users interact with specific software, study patterns, and automatically analyze whether the task is automatable or not. Within the platform, you can also find the Orchestrator tool useful to control all your bots, the People Dashboard useful for individual performance, and more features to come. to reserve a seat in a front row! ElectroNeek Create an account today The relationship between humans and technology has never been easy. Nevertheless, the events of this year remind everyone that the world we live in today is not going to wait until someone is ready to move forward and implement modern technology. Instead, it will move forward on its own, and you have to be prepared for it when it does. As Albert Einstein once said, “The measure of intelligence is the ability to change.” Our world is changing, and our ability to change with it will determine our success.

Automation is the New Black: What’s There For You?

7 Reasons to Start Automating Business with Bots

The world-renowned scientist compares Bitcoin and Electroneum. He highlights the work of the UK-based cryptocurrency company. Dr. Scott Stornetta is the co-inventor quoted in the Bitcoin written by Satoshi Nakamoto, who created the first cryptocurrency in 2009. blockchain whitepaper The globally renowned scientist considers himself as the person who “has spent longer thinking about blockchain than anyone else on the planet. I have a really long-term perspective of this technology.” His views on Electroneum Stornetta recently met with Electroneum CEO Richard Ells and during a conversation he told him, "I understand what you're doing with the and your unique protocol. Moderated Blockchain Proof of Responsibility "I'm happy to recognise that you have grasped the breadth of the design space. Also, that you are flexible enough and open-minded enough to be still exploring how to get the balance of the mix. And that's something that I'm able to encourage wholeheartedly." He went on to say that many cryptocurrency projects reject the notion of becoming regulatory compliant. Others, he said, are not seeking ways to add value as is Electroneum for the end user. Many more, he said, also reject combining features of decentralisation and centralisation to make their cryptocurrencies more secure and eco-friendly. What appeals to Stornetta about Electroneum? Dr. Stornetta explained what to him is so appealing about Electroneum: “I admire, in particular, companies that have a long-term goal that is more than profit-maximizing, but that is actual a collective better.” "I also simultaneously admire companies that are flexible about their means of getting from here to there. That includes finding ways to co-exist with the regulatory environment rather than attempt to subvert it. Also, finding ways to, create real use cases for people that wouldn't know a hash function from a hole in the ground." WATCH: Is W. Scott Stonetta Satoshi Nakamoto: The Bitcoin Creator Firstly, he said, Electroneum has a "long-term ambition for doing good and doing well. “Secondly, Electroneum has a pragmatic approach to embracing existing players, including government and regulatory players, to find a way to co-exist. And thirdly, you have a practical way to make this of immediate value to the end-user. These three things I think are the essence of successful explorations in the, what I want to call the broader blockchain space.” Electroneum’s GigFair project Richard Ells explained Electroneum's GigFair project. This is similar to the online marketplace for freelance services in many ways except it unlocks the global digital economy for the world’s unbanked by paying service providers in ETN cryptocurrency with very low fees. Fiverr Scott Stornetta said GigFair is a great way to add value for Electroneum's end users. "Electroneum is creating a lot of value for the end user. So, to me, the fact that you have users that can in a very near term see the ability to realize some value. Moreover, the fact that your system foundationally is sustainable for the long term means your project is setting itself apart from so many others," he said. He highlighted that Electroneum is enabling people in developing countries to live better with cryptocurrency and said he shares this vision. Stornetta compares Bitcoin and Electroneum In explaining how he views Electroneum, Stornetta told Ells that, “I think Bitcoin was a brilliant piece of work, but it was sort of a solution looking for a problem.” In contrast, Electroneum is “piggy backing an abstract unit of currency onto ETN directly and into something that has intrinsic value, which in combination with the idea of a GigFair ecosystem and which provides a question for which your cryptocurrency is the answer.” Stornetta and Electroneum “There are two things that to me seems significant: One is the notion of putting it in parallel a gig economy with a payment system for it; and two, the idea of by putting it on a mobile device for which people already have to pay, and the fact that you can trade airtime. Airtime is sort of, as I have said, a self-embedded currency that doesn't have be converted into anything else in order to be useful for trading and sharing and exchanging.” Speaking of network security Scott Stornetta set the record straight regarding hash power and network security agreeing with both Richard Ells and Electroneum Head of Blockchain Chris Harrison. "I think the notion is fundamentally an incorrect one that the more hash power makes the underlying records more secure," Stornetta said. "Only in a very narrow sense is that true, but as a fundamental thesis and driver, this leads to a very inefficient conclusion." Harrison and Ells explained Electroneum's proprietary Moderated Blockchain, which is powered by their Proof of Responsibility (PoR) protocol. They told Stornetta that this has made . ETN insusceptible to 51% attacks This makes Electroneum the most secure cryptocurrency in existence. It also enables Electroneum to handpick internationally recognised non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as trusted miners who are helping to break the cycle of poverty in developing countries. "I think it's really important and so I want to underscore my agreement with something that you said. It proves that the integrity of the record is the number of non-aligned entities mining the blocks." He also said "that's really fundamental because trusting the record is ultimately not a technical problem, but a social engineering problem. The more disparate unaligned parties that hold a copy of the record, the more the trustworthiness of the record at a social and cryptographic scale." He concluded: "So I just think that's a very, very valuable insight." Permissioned versus permissionless Being the father of blockchain, a technology built on the concept of decentralisation, Stornetta surprised Ells and Harrison. He agreed with Electroneum's move to a moderated centralisation to ensure absolute security and regulatory certainty. He praised the fact that Electroneum is the first cryptocurrency in the world to have become fully KYC/AML compliant. "We (Yugen Partners) feel that the ultimate solutions are somewhat hybrid between permissioned and permissionless," which is exactly what Electroneum's Moderated Blockchain is. "But equally importantly, as a strategic move, we think that people that are coming in on the permissioned side will have a better path towards getting to that optimal hybrid balance than people coming in here on the permissionless side," he said. And once again he highlighted that "Electroneum’s regulatory compliance and the hope that ultimately those regulatory concerns can be relaxed is a perfect illustration of our sense that starting out permissioned with a goal to move to what amounts to a hybrid between permissioned and permissionless. This is simply a better tactical starting point.” Electroneum, in Stornetta’s words, is one of the very few cryptocurrencies adding value to the end user and proving to be sustainable. He said there are many projects out there that have failed in one and, even both of these objectives. His words come as Electroneum has gone from proving on the ground in South Africa that there is a real utility for cryptocurrency to Brazil, where mobile phone top ups have been made possible to thousands of Electroneum users. And this is only the start of many more developments to be announced in the coming months that will undoubtedly help all cryptocurrencies move towards mainstream adoption.

Founding father of Blockchain Scott Stornetta talks Bitcoin and Electroneum

Electroneum’s ETN has once again gone to where no other cryptocurrency in the industry has gone to become the eco-friendliest in the crypto space. The company has launched a software update with game-changing features leading to the transformation of the cryptocurrency industry by reducing its carbon footprint drastically. Their Moderated Blockchain powered by their revolutionary Proof of Responsibility brings unprecedented levels of security to crypto and increases functionality and transaction speeds. But that’s not all. Are you ready? Proof of Responsibility drastically reduces the electricity required to mine ETN from the equivalent of lighting approximately 2.4 million light bulbs to about on light bulb a day. “We are making a huge difference. You have to take into consideration nobody has their lights on all day, and mining machines run 24/7,” says Electroneum CEO Richard Ells. “So, in reality, before the fork, ETN miners were consuming enough electricity to power 14 million light bulbs. This is equivalent to lighting up 700,000 houses every day.” “We had our light bulb moment,” says Electroneum Head of Blockchain Chris Harrison. “We created  a highly unique and clever new responsible way to mine cryptocurrency.” Richard Ells states the Electroneum team decided it was no longer sustainable to have thousands of miners running about 125,000 ASIC mining rigs that were using up four Giga hashes of computing power. “We developed a way to eliminate all these rigs and to reduce the rate of hashing millions of times from over four Giga hashes to under one half of kilo hash. We concluded that it was time to stop destroying the environment and drastically reduce our footprint.” To put this in perspective, Bitcoin, for example, has a carbon footprint equal to that of Las Vegas, according to scientists at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). TUM lead researcher Christian Stoll wrote a report saying that all mineable currencies put together consume about 60 TWh of power in a year, which is twice the power output of Sri Lanka, which has a population of over 21 million. Greenpeace Senior IT Sector Analyst Gary Cook said, “If Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies hope to maintain their social license in a world that is increasingly driven to action by the Climate Emergency, not only must there be changes to the ‘Proof of Work’ model to make mining far less energy intensive, but mining must also be restricted to locations where mining is powered by renewable sources of electricity, and not driving new demand for fossil fuels.” And this is exactly what Electroneum has done by moving from Proof of Work to Proof of Responsibility, eliminating the massive consumption of energy to nearly nothing and by bringing in responsible and trusted miners that use their block rewards to help people on the ground gain skills and training to improve their lives. Proof of Responsibility is a paradigm shift by Electroneum towards sustainable and responsible mining that thrusts the cryptocurrency industry to a new era.

Electroneum’s ETN is the Greenest Crypto after Reducing Energy Consumption to Nearly Zero

What is Elecroneum Electroneum is a complementary cryptocurrency developed with the goal of allowing anyone, regardless of technical knowledge, access to the features of a digital currency. The technology aims to bring the mining, as well as the buying and selling process of cryptocurrencies, all into to the smartphone through a user-friendly app that anyone can use. Most crypto currencies are mined used specialist equipment, Electroneum however can be mined using a unique, yet simple app that take just minutes to install before it gets to work. Unlike Bitcoins, which its finite supply drives up the value of a single coin so that real world transactions for small amounts of money convert values into numbers with many digits after the decimal point, Electroneum’s blockchain has 21 billion coins. This will move the decimal place forward so that the amounts will match the two decimal place system most currencies currently use. Making amounts easier to calculate mentally should aid the adoption of the currency as transactions are easier to perform and more akin to real world situations. In order to make this technology available to the wider public, Electroneum deliberately avoided using a blockchain that can be mined with ASICs, the super powerful circuits found in most modern Bitcoin mining rig, and instead, created a blockchain that can be mined using the power of a smart phone CPU, thereby enable the average person to get involved. Electroneum’s easy to access cryptocurrency hopes to appeal to a large number of users due to its user-friendly approach to mining. Users who could benefit from using Electroneum include: · Long-term holders e.g. those who wish to buy and hold the currency to gain any potential future value. · Crypto enthusiasts wish to be part of the development in the next stage of the digital currency movement. How Electroneum Works With the perceived practicality of the new crypto, the company has long term goals that begins by integrating APIs with virtual good sellers to begin accepting Electroneum, launching a global social media campaign and developing the Electroneum Virtual Currency Exchange. The accompanying Electroneum app will be designed in a similar way to private messaging apps such as What’s App, Line, WeChat, and will make it easy for the users to send and receive Electroneum simply by knowing someone’s phone number. In order to further aid global adoption, the app with launch in multiple languages including Standard Chinese, Hindi, Portuguese, Arabic, Russian, Japanese, German, Indonesian, Spanish, French and Italian. The startup quickly plans to move into the gaming industry — a natural progression as much of its user base will be familiar with gaming — by collaborating with top developers of consoles such as the Xbox and PlayStation, to create the world’s first games console mining software. In doing so Electroneum can then be mined by the 620+ million consoles when they are not in use. Following the successful implementation of the app and console integration, Electroneum can further penetrate the market by creating GUI based wallets and mining software for both Windows and Mac. Next the company aims to make the coin even more viable for everyday use by integrating popular online voucher app such as Groupon, TravelZoo, and Wowcher, as well as ecommerce sites like Amazon and Ali Baba. As Electroneum continues to set up partnerships and JV’s, it will also attempt to partner with Internet giants such as Google and Facebook. This will give users further opportunity to mine coins as they surf the web or catch up on their social media network feeds. Through such partnerships Electroneum not only has the ability to allow gamers to mine at time their machines would normal by in standby mode, the technology could also allow gamers, playing Minecraft for example, to actually mine coins whilst playing. In doing so the player is able to monetize his/hers in-play virtual currency into cryptos accepted in the real world. At the same time the gaming company develops and entry, exit based strategy to monetize by charging a commission when player being, or leave a game. With over 2.2. billion gamers in the world, marketing Electroneum as Internet currency aims to build a brand that becomes as regularly accepted as PayPal. It also identifies the opportunity to provide these services to the 10’s of millions of people who currently do not own a bank account, but do own a smartphone. the Valuable Information Electroneum (ETN) Coin Name : 5,195,262,064 ETN Total Supply : 4,997,507,466 ETN Circulating Supply : $464,703,227 USD Market Cap : 1 ETN = 0.0100 USD Ico Price : Staff/Team : Richard Ells Name : Co-founder Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/richard-ells-8b0615b/ : James Atkinson Name : Development Team Head Title : Dean Cole Name : Blockchain Development and Maintenance Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/deancole/ : Adam Atkinson Name : Javascript Development Lead Title : Ben Whomsley Name : Head of UI/UX Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/ben-whomsley-29bb8458/ : Costin Cristoi Name : Electroneum App Development Team Title : Robert Hopkins Name : General Developer Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/robert-hopkins-27b99910a/ : Terry Hunter Name : Development Team, Back-end Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/terence-hunter-60424599/ : Imogen Dale Name : Illustration and Graphic Design Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/imogen-dale-8a3055123/ : Michael Wiltshire Name : Viral Marketing and Social Media Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-wiltshire-65186923/ : Natalie Hayon Name : Head, Social Media Team Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/natalie-hayon-9b522666/ : Barbara Southwell Name : Marketing Title : LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/barbara-southwell-1014a178/ Social Media/Contact Facebook URL : https://www.facebook.com/electroneum Likes : 84,233 Likes How Many Posts / Updates In The Last 7 Days : 8 Updates Twitter URL : https://twitter.com/electroneum Followers : 41.8K Followers How Many Tweets / Retweets In The Last 7 Days : 8 Updates Telegram URL : https://t.me/joinchat/DxoSakHOdk5mqsE-LelfVg Users : 31,826 Members Reddit URL : https://www.reddit.com/r/Electroneum/ Readers : 6,919 Readers GitHub URL : https://github.com/electroneum/ How Many Updates In The Last 7 Days : 3 Updates : Electroneum Ltd., Lyndean House, 30–34 Albion Place, Maidstone, Kent. ME14 5DZ, United Kingdom Company Address

Electroneum Smartphone Technology for Mining and Exchanging Cryptocurrencies.

Authors:
(1) Toshiki Kawai, Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan (E-mail: t-kawai@higgs3.sci.hokudai.ac.jp);
(2) Yoshiharu Kawamura, Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan (E-mail: haru@azusa.shinshu-u.ac.jp). Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 U(1) gauge theory on a warped background 3 Gauge-Higgs inflation on a warped background 4 Conclusions and discussions, Acknowledgements, and References 4 Conclusions and discussions We have investigated whether inflation in the early universe can be induced by an extra component of a 5d U(1) gauge field coupled to fermions in the RS warped spacetime or not. Imposing CBCs on fields involved in inflation, we have shown that the one-loop effective potential for a Wilson line phase obtained by quantum corrections can behave as an inflaton potential by finding parameter regions consistent with Planck 2018 results. Our model shares basic properties with higher-dimensional models on a flat spacetime, e.g., a potential is generated radiatively, and is robust owing to the gauge symmetry, and then a model has a predictability for physics on inflation. The remaining issues and future prospects are as follows. There is a fine-tuning problem that the (initial) vaules of φ and other parameters should be chosen in order to make φ as an inflaton work well. It would be better if they are determined from a fundamental theory. Or we would have to rely on the anthropic principle in the framework of multiverse. It is necessary to consider contributions of a radion and/or modulus in order to identify an inflaton. In concrete, it is essential to study their stabilization and how inflation can be realized in a system with such several scalar fields including a Wilson line phase on the RS warped background. It would be wonderful to construct a more realistic higher-dimensional gauge theory which solves riddles of particle physics and cosmology on a similar footing. More specifically, it would be fantastic that, in a system governed by the gauge principle, there are several Wilson line phases originated from extra components of gauge bosons, which behave as Higgs boson, an inflaton, a dark matter and so forth. A top-down approach would be useful to construct such a model in a more unified form. Superstring theory, for instance, provides many scalar and vector fields, and possesses many candidates of Higgs boson, an inflaton, a dark matter and so on. Hence, it is intriguing to investigate how a 5d effective theory on the warped geometry can be realized in such a top-down framework. Acknowledgements T.K. would like to thank Dr. O. Seto for the helpful discussions and advice. This work was supported in part by scientific grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology under Grant No. 22K03632 (YK). References [1] D. H. Lyth and A. Riotto, “Particle physics models of inflation and the cosmological density perturbation”, Phys. Rept. 314 , 1 (1999), arXiv:hep-ph/9807278, and references therein. [2] Y. Hosotani, “Dynamical Mass Generation by Compact Extra Dimensions”, Phys. Lett. B126, 309 (1983). [3] Y. Hosotani, “Dynamics of Nonintegrable Phases and Gauge Symmetry Breaking”, Annals. Phys. 190, 233 (1989). [4] N. Arkani-Hamed, H.-C. Cheng, P. Creminelli, and L. Randall, “Extranatural Inflation”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 221302 (2003), arXiv:hep-th/0301218. [5] Y. Abe, T. Inami, Y. Kawamura, and Y. Koyama, “Radion stabilization in the presence of a Wilson line phase”, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2014, 073B04 (2014), arXiv:1404.5125 [hep-th]. [6] Y. Abe, T. Inami, Y. Kawamura, and Y. Koyama, “Inflation from radion gauge-Higgs potential at Planck scale”, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2015, 093B03 (2015), arXiv:1504.06905 [hep-th]. [7] N. Aghanim et al. (Planck), “Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters”, Astron. Astrophys. 641, [Erratum: Astron.Astrophys. 652, C4 (2021)], A6 (2020), arXiv:1807.06209 [astro-ph.CO]. [8] L. Randall and R. Sundrum, “A Large mass hierarchy from a small extra dimension”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3370-3373 (1999), arXiv:hep-ph/9905221. [9] L. Randall and R. Sundrum, “An Alternative to compactification”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4690-4693 (1999), arXiv:hep-ph/9906064. [10] A. D. Medina, N. R. Shah, and C. E. M. Wagner, “Gauge-Higgs Unification and Radiative Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in Warped Extra Dimensions”, Phys. Rev. D 76, 095010 (2007), arXiv:0706.1281 [hep-ph]. [11] Y. Hosotani, K. Oda, T. Ohnuma, and Y. Sakamura, “Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in SO(5) × U(1) Gauge-Higgs Unification with Top and Bottom Quarks”, Phys. Rev. D 78, [Erratum: Phys. Rev.D 79, 079902 (2009)], 096002 (2008), arXiv:0806.0480[hep-ph]. [12] Y. Hosotani, “New dimensions from gauge-Higgs unification”, PoS CORFU2016, 026 (2017), arXiv:1702.08161 [hep-ph]. [13] S. Funatsu, H. Hatanaka, Y. Hosotani, Y. Orikasa, and N. Yamatsu, “CKM matrix and FCNC suppression in SO(5)×U(1)×SU(3) gauge-Higgs unification”, Phys. Rev. D 101, 055016 (2020), arXiv:1909.00190 [hep-ph]. [14] A. Hebecker and J. March-Russell, “The structure of GUT breaking by orbifolding”, Nucl. Phys. B 625, 128-150 (2002), arXiv:hep-ph/0107039. [15] N. Haba, Y. Kawamura, and K.-y. Oda, “Dynamical Rearrangement of Theta Parameter in Presence of Mixed Chern-Simons Term”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 085021 (2008), arXiv:0803.4380 [hep-ph]. [16] Y. Abe, Y. Goto, Y. Kawamura, and Y. Nishikawa, “Conjugate boundary condition, hidden particles, and gauge-Higgs inflation”, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 31, 1650208 (2016), arXiv:1608.06393 [hep-ph]. [17] K. Kojima and Y. Okubo, “Early dark energy from a higher-dimensional gauge theory”, Phys. Rev. D 106, 063540 (2022), arXiv:2205.13777 [astro-ph.CO]. [18] C. C´saki, S. Lombardo, and O. Telem, “TASI Lectures on Non-supersymmetric BSM Models”, Proceedings, Theoretical Advanced Study Institute in Elementary Particle Physics : Anticipating the Next Discoveries in Particle Physics (TASI 2016): Boulder, CO, USA, June 6-July 1, 2016 , edited by R. Essig and I. Low (WSP, 2018), 501-570, arXiv:1811.04279 [hep-ph]. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Toshiki Kawai, Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan (E-mail: t-kawai@higgs3.sci.hokudai.ac.jp); (2) Yoshiharu Kawamura, Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan (E-mail: haru@azusa.shinshu-u.ac.jp). Authors: Authors: (1) Toshiki Kawai, Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan (E-mail: t-kawai@higgs3.sci.hokudai.ac.jp); (2) Yoshiharu Kawamura, Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan (E-mail: haru@azusa.shinshu-u.ac.jp). Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 U(1) gauge theory on a warped background 2 U(1) gauge theory on a warped background 3 Gauge-Higgs inflation on a warped background 3 Gauge-Higgs inflation on a warped background 4 Conclusions and discussions, Acknowledgements, and References 4 Conclusions and discussions, Acknowledgements, and References 4 Conclusions and discussions We have investigated whether inflation in the early universe can be induced by an extra component of a 5d U(1) gauge field coupled to fermions in the RS warped spacetime or not. Imposing CBCs on fields involved in inflation, we have shown that the one-loop effective potential for a Wilson line phase obtained by quantum corrections can behave as an inflaton potential by finding parameter regions consistent with Planck 2018 results. Our model shares basic properties with higher-dimensional models on a flat spacetime, e.g., a potential is generated radiatively, and is robust owing to the gauge symmetry, and then a model has a predictability for physics on inflation. The remaining issues and future prospects are as follows. There is a fine-tuning problem that the (initial) vaules of φ and other parameters should be chosen in order to make φ as an inflaton work well. It would be better if they are determined from a fundamental theory. Or we would have to rely on the anthropic principle in the framework of multiverse. It is necessary to consider contributions of a radion and/or modulus in order to identify an inflaton. In concrete, it is essential to study their stabilization and how inflation can be realized in a system with such several scalar fields including a Wilson line phase on the RS warped background. It would be wonderful to construct a more realistic higher-dimensional gauge theory which solves riddles of particle physics and cosmology on a similar footing. More specifically, it would be fantastic that, in a system governed by the gauge principle, there are several Wilson line phases originated from extra components of gauge bosons, which behave as Higgs boson, an inflaton, a dark matter and so forth. A top-down approach would be useful to construct such a model in a more unified form. Superstring theory, for instance, provides many scalar and vector fields, and possesses many candidates of Higgs boson, an inflaton, a dark matter and so on. Hence, it is intriguing to investigate how a 5d effective theory on the warped geometry can be realized in such a top-down framework. Acknowledgements T.K. would like to thank Dr. O. Seto for the helpful discussions and advice. This work was supported in part by scientific grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology under Grant No. 22K03632 (YK). References [1] D. H. Lyth and A. Riotto, “Particle physics models of inflation and the cosmological density perturbation”, Phys. Rept. 314 , 1 (1999), arXiv:hep-ph/9807278, and references therein. [2] Y. Hosotani, “Dynamical Mass Generation by Compact Extra Dimensions”, Phys. Lett. B126, 309 (1983). [3] Y. Hosotani, “Dynamics of Nonintegrable Phases and Gauge Symmetry Breaking”, Annals. Phys. 190, 233 (1989). [4] N. Arkani-Hamed, H.-C. Cheng, P. Creminelli, and L. Randall, “Extranatural Inflation”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 221302 (2003), arXiv:hep-th/0301218. [5] Y. Abe, T. Inami, Y. Kawamura, and Y. Koyama, “Radion stabilization in the presence of a Wilson line phase”, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2014, 073B04 (2014), arXiv:1404.5125 [hep-th]. [6] Y. Abe, T. Inami, Y. Kawamura, and Y. Koyama, “Inflation from radion gauge-Higgs potential at Planck scale”, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2015, 093B03 (2015), arXiv:1504.06905 [hep-th]. [7] N. Aghanim et al. (Planck), “Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters”, Astron. Astrophys. 641, [Erratum: Astron.Astrophys. 652, C4 (2021)], A6 (2020), arXiv:1807.06209 [astro-ph.CO]. [8] L. Randall and R. Sundrum, “A Large mass hierarchy from a small extra dimension”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3370-3373 (1999), arXiv:hep-ph/9905221. [9] L. Randall and R. Sundrum, “An Alternative to compactification”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4690-4693 (1999), arXiv:hep-ph/9906064. [10] A. D. Medina, N. R. Shah, and C. E. M. Wagner, “Gauge-Higgs Unification and Radiative Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in Warped Extra Dimensions”, Phys. Rev. D 76, 095010 (2007), arXiv:0706.1281 [hep-ph]. [11] Y. Hosotani, K. Oda, T. Ohnuma, and Y. Sakamura, “Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in SO(5) × U(1) Gauge-Higgs Unification with Top and Bottom Quarks”, Phys. Rev. D 78, [Erratum: Phys. Rev.D 79, 079902 (2009)], 096002 (2008), arXiv:0806.0480[hep-ph]. [12] Y. Hosotani, “New dimensions from gauge-Higgs unification”, PoS CORFU2016, 026 (2017), arXiv:1702.08161 [hep-ph]. [13] S. Funatsu, H. Hatanaka, Y. Hosotani, Y. Orikasa, and N. Yamatsu, “CKM matrix and FCNC suppression in SO(5)×U(1)×SU(3) gauge-Higgs unification”, Phys. Rev. D 101, 055016 (2020), arXiv:1909.00190 [hep-ph]. [14] A. Hebecker and J. March-Russell, “The structure of GUT breaking by orbifolding”, Nucl. Phys. B 625, 128-150 (2002), arXiv:hep-ph/0107039. [15] N. Haba, Y. Kawamura, and K.-y. Oda, “Dynamical Rearrangement of Theta Parameter in Presence of Mixed Chern-Simons Term”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 085021 (2008), arXiv:0803.4380 [hep-ph]. [16] Y. Abe, Y. Goto, Y. Kawamura, and Y. Nishikawa, “Conjugate boundary condition, hidden particles, and gauge-Higgs inflation”, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 31, 1650208 (2016), arXiv:1608.06393 [hep-ph]. [17] K. Kojima and Y. Okubo, “Early dark energy from a higher-dimensional gauge theory”, Phys. Rev. D 106, 063540 (2022), arXiv:2205.13777 [astro-ph.CO]. [18] C. C´saki, S. Lombardo, and O. Telem, “TASI Lectures on Non-supersymmetric BSM Models”, Proceedings, Theoretical Advanced Study Institute in Elementary Particle Physics : Anticipating the Next Discoveries in Particle Physics (TASI 2016): Boulder, CO, USA, June 6-July 1, 2016 , edited by R. Essig and I. Low (WSP, 2018), 501-570, arXiv:1811.04279 [hep-ph]. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

Exploring Gauge-Higgs Inflation with Extra Dimensions: Conclusions, Acknowledgements, and References

Unitarity Bound on Dark Matter in Low-temperature Reheating Scenarios: Acknowledgments and Reference

নিম্ন-তাপমাত্রা পুনঃউষ্ণকরণের পরিস্থিতিতে ডার্ক ম্যাটারে ঐক্যবদ্ধতা: স্বীকৃতি এবং রেফারেন্স

Unitaritätsgrenze für Dunkle Materie in Niedertemperatur-Wiedererwärmungsszenarien: Danksagungen und Referenz

Unitaridad unida a la materia oscura en escenarios de recalentamiento a baja temperatura: reconocimientos y referencias

Unitarité liée à la matière noire dans les scénarios de réchauffage à basse température : remerciements et référence

निम्न-तापमान पुनःतापन परिदृश्यों में डार्क मैटर पर यूनिटैरिटी बाउंड: आभार और संदर्भ

低温再加熱シナリオにおける暗黒物質のユニタリー性限界: 謝辞と参考文献

저온 재가열 시나리오에서 암흑물질에 결합된 단일성: 승인 및 참고자료

Unitariedade vinculada à matéria escura em cenários de reaquecimento de baixa temperatura: reconhecimentos e referências

Унитарность, связанная с темной материей в сценариях низкотемпературного разогрева: благодарности и ссылки

Düşük Sıcaklıkta Yeniden Isıtma Senaryolarında Karanlık Maddeye Bağlı Üniterlik: Teşekkür ve Referans

Tính thống nhất bị ràng buộc đối với Vật chất tối trong các kịch bản hâm nóng ở nhiệt độ thấp: Lời cảm ơn và tài liệu tham khảo

低温再加热场景中暗物质的幺正性界限：致谢和参考文献

This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license.
Authors:
(1) Vitor da Fonseca, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa;
(2) Tiago Barreiro, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa and 2ECEO, Universidade Lus´ofona;
(3) Nelson J. Nunes, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa. Table of Links Abstract and Intro
Coupling Dark Energy to Neutrinos
Impact of the Coupling on Perturbations and Observables
Parameter Estimation
Discussion
Acknowledgment, Appendix, and References Abstract I. INTRODUCTION The standard hot Big Bang model predicts that the Universe is filled with a background of thermal relic neutrinos, called the cosmic neutrino background (CνB), with a temperature and density of the order of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons [1, 2]. Neutrinos are held in thermal equilibrium with the primordial plasma by electroweak interactions until the temperature of the Universe drops to T ≃ 1 MeV. Below this temperature, they decouple from the thermal bath and flow freely along geodesics of spacetime. Since the neutrinos are still ultrarelativistic when they decouple, they retain a relativistic Fermi-Dirac distribution even though they are no longer in thermal equilibrium. Not being subjected to the Boltzmann exponential suppression, we have far more neutrinos than would otherwise be expected. Although relic neutrinos are very abundant, there is still no direct evidence for their background because it is hard to detect at low energy level, given that they have a very small cross section with matter. There is only indirect evidence for the CνB, mainly through gravitational interactions, for which theoretical predictions are in excellent agreement with observations of the CMB and large-scale structure. In this work, we investigate whether it is possible to relax the existing cosmological upper limit on the neutrino mass through a possible interaction between the neutrino fluid and the dark energy component [11, 12] given by a scalar field. We consider a mass-varying neutrino (MaVaN) scenario, where the coupling leads to an effective neutrino mass that depends on the value of the field [13–21]. We employ a minimal parametrization where the scalar field depends linearly on the number of e-folds [22]. It limits the number of additional parameters with respect to the concordance model and alleviates the initial conditions problem [23] thanks to the scaling behavior of the field at early times. Such parametrization has been used in the context of testing a coupling between quintessence and the electromagnetic sector, and scalar field – dark matter interactions [24–26], but never utilized in the context of neutrino interactions. By testing the model with a particular data set that combines observations of the CMB, structure growth, and background expansion, we show that the constraint on today’s mass is weakened by neutrinos of growing mass [27, 28] that receive energy from the quintessence component over cosmic time. A mechanism that couples the scalar field, as early dark energy, to the neutrinos has been proposed [29, 30] to alleviate the Hubble tension, i.e. the discrepancy between the H0 determinations of high and low redshift probes [9, 31–33], but it remains to be tested with cosmological observations. Nevertheless, the Hubble tension is not the subject of this paper, since the early dark energy component in our model is insufficient to affect it. This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: (1) Vitor da Fonseca, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa; (2) Tiago Barreiro, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa and 2ECEO, Universidade Lus´ofona; (3) Nelson J. Nunes, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa. This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: Authors: (1) Vitor da Fonseca, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa; (2) Tiago Barreiro, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa and 2ECEO, Universidade Lus´ofona; (3) Nelson J. Nunes, Instituto de Astrof´ısica e Ciˆencias do Espa¸co, Faculdade de Ciˆencias da Universidade de Lisboa. Table of Links Abstract and Intro Coupling Dark Energy to Neutrinos Impact of the Coupling on Perturbations and Observables Parameter Estimation Discussion Acknowledgment, Appendix, and References Abstract and Intro Abstract and Intro Coupling Dark Energy to Neutrinos Coupling Dark Energy to Neutrinos Impact of the Coupling on Perturbations and Observables Impact of the Coupling on Perturbations and Observables Parameter Estimation Parameter Estimation Discussion Discussion Acknowledgment, Appendix, and References Acknowledgment, Appendix, and References Abstract I. INTRODUCTION The standard hot Big Bang model predicts that the Universe is filled with a background of thermal relic neutrinos, called the cosmic neutrino background (CνB), with a temperature and density of the order of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons [1, 2]. Neutrinos are held in thermal equilibrium with the primordial plasma by electroweak interactions until the temperature of the Universe drops to T ≃ 1 MeV. Below this temperature, they decouple from the thermal bath and flow freely along geodesics of spacetime. Since the neutrinos are still ultrarelativistic when they decouple, they retain a relativistic Fermi-Dirac distribution even though they are no longer in thermal equilibrium. Not being subjected to the Boltzmann exponential suppression, we have far more neutrinos than would otherwise be expected. Although relic neutrinos are very abundant, there is still no direct evidence for their background because it is hard to detect at low energy level, given that they have a very small cross section with matter. There is only indirect evidence for the CνB, mainly through gravitational interactions, for which theoretical predictions are in excellent agreement with observations of the CMB and large-scale structure. In this work, we investigate whether it is possible to relax the existing cosmological upper limit on the neutrino mass through a possible interaction between the neutrino fluid and the dark energy component [11, 12] given by a scalar field. We consider a mass-varying neutrino (MaVaN) scenario, where the coupling leads to an effective neutrino mass that depends on the value of the field [13–21]. We employ a minimal parametrization where the scalar field depends linearly on the number of e-folds [22]. It limits the number of additional parameters with respect to the concordance model and alleviates the initial conditions problem [23] thanks to the scaling behavior of the field at early times. Such parametrization has been used in the context of testing a coupling between quintessence and the electromagnetic sector, and scalar field – dark matter interactions [24–26], but never utilized in the context of neutrino interactions. By testing the model with a particular data set that combines observations of the CMB, structure growth, and background expansion, we show that the constraint on today’s mass is weakened by neutrinos of growing mass [27, 28] that receive energy from the quintessence component over cosmic time. A mechanism that couples the scalar field, as early dark energy, to the neutrinos has been proposed [29, 30] to alleviate the Hubble tension, i.e. the discrepancy between the H 0 determinations of high and low redshift probes [9, 31–33], but it remains to be tested with cosmological observations. Nevertheless, the Hubble tension is not the subject of this paper, since the early dark energy component in our model is insufficient to affect it. H

Relaxing cosmological constraints on current neutrino masses: Abstract and Intro

বর্তমান নিউট্রিনো ভরের উপর শিথিল করা মহাজাগতিক সীমাবদ্ধতা: বিমূর্ত এবং ভূমিকা

Lockerung der kosmologischen Beschränkungen für aktuelle Neutrinomassen: Zusammenfassung und Einführung

Relajación de las restricciones cosmológicas sobre las masas actuales de neutrinos: resumen e introducción

Assouplir les contraintes cosmologiques sur les masses actuelles des neutrinos : résumé et introduction

वर्तमान न्यूट्रिनो द्रव्यमान पर ब्रह्माण्ड संबंधी बाधाओं को शिथिल करना: सार और परिचय

現在のニュートリノ質量に対する宇宙論的制約の緩和: 概要と序論

현재 중성미자 질량에 대한 우주론적 제약 완화: 요약 및 소개

Relaxando as restrições cosmológicas nas massas atuais de neutrinos: Resumo e introdução

Ослабление космологических ограничений на текущие массы нейтрино: Аннотация и введение

Mevcut Nötrino Kütleleri Üzerindeki Kozmolojik Kısıtlamaların Gevşetilmesi: Özet ve Giriş

Nới lỏng các ràng buộc vũ trụ học đối với khối lượng neutrino hiện tại: Tóm tắt và Giới thiệu

放宽对当前中微子质量的宇宙学限制：摘要和简介

Authors: (1) Renato P. dos Santos, CIAGE – Centre for Generative Artificial Intelligence in Cognition and Education. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Materials And Methods Results and Analyses Prompts and generated texts Conceptualizing chemical reactions Deepening on understanding of chemical reactions Question about combustion Question about a graph of gases turning into water over time Question about the difference between atoms, molecules, and moles Deepening on the concept of mole Question about changing of state Question about an animated representation of water molecules undergoing phase changes Question about plasma, a state of matter Question about chemical bondings Question about illustration of chemical bonds Question about the essence of the type of chemical bonding Further analysis Conclusions Limitations of the study and possible future studies Author Contributions, Conflicts of interest, Acknowledgements, and References Question about the essence of the type of chemical bonding *: so ionic bonding is when the atom gives the electron once and for all, in the covalent bond, it only lends and in the hydrogen bond it's like a bid, like the electron is with an atom but gives the atom a wink neighbor?* P1 *: That's a creative and fun way to describe them, and it's largely on point! Let's expand on your analogies:* ChatGPT ***1. Ionic Bonding: *** • Yes, it's like one atom saying, "Here, take my electron. I don't need it." As a result, one atom becomes positively charged (having given away its electron) and the other becomes negatively charged (having accepted the electron). These opposite charges attract each other, forming the bond. ***2. Covalent Bonding: *** • It's a mutual agreement between atoms: "Let's share our electrons so we both benefit." The electrons are not strictly lent or borrowed; instead, they're shared between the atoms, spending time around both nuclei. ***3. Hydrogen Bonding: *** • Your analogy of a "wink" is a fun way to think of it. In hydrogen bonding, the hydrogen atom is indeed bonded covalently to its original atom (like oxygen in water). But because hydrogen has a slight positive charge and nearby electronegative atoms (like another oxygen) have a slight negative charge, they're attracted to each other. It's not a full-on bond like in covalent or ionic bonding but rather a weaker attraction. The "wink" analogy captures this idea of a subtle yet meaningful connection. It's essential to remember that these analogies, while helpful, are simplifications. The actual forces and behaviors of atoms and molecules are based on deeper quantum-mechanical principles. But for getting a grasp on the concepts, these analogies work quite well! Is there anything else about these bonds or any other related concept you'd like to delve into? *: That’s a very creative way of describing the different types of bonds, but it’s not very accurate. Let me try to correct some of the mistakes in your analogy.* BingChat Ionic bonding is not when the atom gives the electron once and for all, but rather when the atom transfers the electron permanently to another atom. This means that the atom that loses the electron becomes positively charged, and the atom that gains the electron becomes negatively charged. These opposite charges attract each other and form an ionic bond. For example, in sodium chloride (NaCl), each sodium atom (Na) transfers one electron to each chlorine atom (Cl), creating sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-). The Na+ and Cl- ions are held together by ionic bonds. Covalent bonding is not when the atom only lends the electron, but rather when the atom shares the electron with another atom. This means that both atoms contribute one or more electrons to form a pair or a group of electrons that belong to both atoms. These shared electrons form a covalent bond that holds the atoms together. For example, in water (H2O), each hydrogen atom (H) shares one electron with the oxygen atom (O), forming a covalent bond. The O and H atoms are held together by covalent bonds. Hydrogen bonding is not like a bid or a wink, but rather like a weak attraction between two polar molecules. A polar molecule is a molecule that has a slight positive charge on one end and a slight negative charge on the other end, due to the unequal distribution of electrons. A hydrogen bond is when a hydrogen atom that is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine) forms a weak attraction with another electronegative atom on a different molecule. For example, in liquid water, each hydrogen atom on one water molecule can form a hydrogen bond with the oxygen atom on another water molecule. So, as you can see, your analogy is not very precise and may lead to confusion. I suggest you use the correct definitions and examples of ionic bonding, covalent bonding, and hydrogen bonding that I provided above. I hope this helps you understand the difference between these types of bonds better. *: Your analogy is pretty good! I would add that in a covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms. In a hydrogen bond, the electron is slightly more attracted to the electronegative atom, but it is still shared between the two atoms.* Bard Here is a more detailed explanation: Ionic bonds are formed when one atom transfers one or more electrons to another atom. This results in two oppositely charged ions, which are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces. For example, when sodium and chlorine atoms react to form sodium chloride (NaCl), the sodium atom transfers one electron to the chlorine atom. The sodium atom becomes a positively charged ion (Na+), and the chlorine atom becomes a negatively charged ion (Cl-). The Na+ and Cl- ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, and they form an ionic bond. Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. Covalent bonds are typically formed between nonmetals. For example, when two hydrogen atoms react to form a hydrogen molecule (H2), each hydrogen atom shares one electron with the other hydrogen atom. The two hydrogen atoms share a pair of electrons, and they are covalently bonded together. Hydrogen bonds are a special type of weak bond that forms between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for many of the unique properties of water, such as its high boiling point and surface tension. For example, in a water molecule, one hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to the oxygen atom. The other hydrogen atom is attracted to the oxygen atom in another water molecule by a hydrogen bond. This hydrogen bond is weaker than a covalent bond, but it is strong enough to hold the two water molecules together. I hope this helps to clarify the difference between ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds. Please let me know if you have any other questions. *: I love the "wink neighbor" analogy for hydrogen bonding! That's a very intuitive way to understand it. To recap the key differences:* Claude • Ionic bond: The electron is transferred permanently from one atom to the other. It's like giving away your Lego piece to someone else once and for all. • Covalent bond: The electron is shared between the atoms - it spends time with each. It's like two friends sharing a Lego piece cooperatively. • Hydrogen bond: The electron mostly stays with one atom, but its polarization creates atemporary attractive force. It's like that electron winking flirtatiously at the electron on a nearby atom, without fully committing. Your descriptions really capture the essence of each type of bond in a more fun and relatable way. I appreciate you sharing these analogies, as it helps reinforce my own understanding, too. Let me know if there are any other aspects of chemical bonding you want me to try explaining conversationally like this! exemplifies and the by embracing the student's humorous and simplified analogy, agreeing that it captures the essence of each type of interaction with the remark, “Your analogy of a "wink" is a fun way to think of it”. Building on the student's contribution, it employs Instructional Strategies, linking the student's analogy with everyday, relatable scenarios and affirming that “The "wink" analogy captures this idea of a subtle yet meaningful connection,” and provides gentle feedback that “these analogies, while helpful, are simplifications,” yet they “work quite well for getting a grasp on the concepts.” Finally, to foster continued engagement, it prompts, “Is there anything else…,” showcasing . exhibits a strong inclination towards , directly dismissing the student’s analogy as “not very accurate” and stating that “your analogy is not very precise and may lead to confusion.” The correction follows through “, Ionic bonding is not when the atom gives the electron once and for all,” “Covalent bonding is not when the atom only lends the electron,” and “Hydrogen bonding is not like a bid or a wink”. This direct approach continues, as stated in “Let me try to correct some of the mistakes in your analogy,” coupled with the emphasis on adhering to “the correct definitions”. Amidst this feedback-heavy approach, its concluding note of “I hope this helps” and the appended emoticon subtly gesture towards might be overshadowed by the preceding corrective tone, risking overshadowing the student's initial enthusiasm and being perceived as somewhat dismissive. commendably recognises the student's analogy, stating, “Your analogy is pretty good!” a nod to both and the . Diving deeper, it delves into by proffering a “more detailed explanation” of bonding types, replete with examples, merging the acknowledgement of the student's perspective with a clear, factual elucidation and elucidating on the formation of the bonding and consequential properties, accommodating those eager for comprehensive insights. Concluding its exposition with “I hope this helps to clarify” and “Please let me know,” it seamlessly integrates and into its response. , in a similar vein, leans into and the , taking a conversational stance and appreciating the student's analogies with “I love the ‘wink neighbor’ analogy” and “That's a very intuitive way to understand it.” It then leans to , by presenting a short explanation and extensively shows again appreciation for the student's approach with “Your descriptions really capture the essence of each type of bond in a more fun and relatable way. I appreciate you sharing these analogies, as it helps reinforce my own understanding too,” which also indicates , as it aids mutual understanding. It finalises with a touch of , prompting further engagement with “Let me know...” ChatGPT Personalization & Personable Touch Use of Analogy & Comparative Illustrations Engagement & Interactivity BingChat Reinforcement & Feedback Personalization & Personable Touch Bard Personalization & Personable Touch Use of Analogy & Comparative Illustrations Detail Depth & Content Recommendation Personalization & Personable Touch Engagement & Interactivity Claude Personalization & Personable Touch Use of Analogy & Comparative Illustrations Instructional Strategies Meta-discussion & Perspective Framing Personalization & Personable Touch This paper is under CC BY-SA 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

GenAIbots Teach You the Essence of the Type of Chemical Bonding

Authors: (1) Renato P. dos Santos, CIAGE – Centre for Generative Artificial Intelligence in Cognition and Education. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Materials And Methods Results and Analyses Prompts and generated texts Conceptualizing chemical reactions Deepening on understanding of chemical reactions Question about combustion Question about a graph of gases turning into water over time Question about the difference between atoms, molecules, and moles Deepening on the concept of mole Question about changing of state Question about an animated representation of water molecules undergoing phase changes Question about plasma, a state of matter Question about chemical bondings Question about illustration of chemical bonds Question about the essence of the type of chemical bonding Further analysis Conclusions Limitations of the study and possible future studies Author Contributions, Conflicts of interest, Acknowledgements, and References Question about illustration of chemical bonds *: can you create an illustration explaining these types of chemical bonds?* P1 *: Certainly! Let's break down the explanation and illustration into three parts:* ChatGPT 1. Covalent Bonding 2. Ionic Bonding 3. Hydrogen Bonding 1. Covalent Bonding: *: Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share electrons. The shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms, holding the atoms together. This type of bond is common between non-metals.* Description *: Imagine two circles (representing atoms) with electrons (smaller circles or dots) around them. When they come close, they share some of these electrons.* Illustration ***2. Ionic Bonding: *** *: Ionic bonds are formed when one atom donates one or more electrons to another atom. This creates a positive ion (cation) and a negative ion (anion). The opposite charges attract each other, holding the atoms together. This type of bond is common between metals and non-metals.* Description *: Imagine two circles (representing atoms). One atom has an extra electron which it donates to the other. This creates a "+" sign on the donating atom (cation) and a "-" sign on the receiving atom (anion). They are attracted due to opposite charges.* Illustration ***3. Hydrogen Bonding: *** *: Hydrogen bonds are a type of weak bond that occurs when a hydrogen atom* Description bonded to a strongly electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) is attracted to another electronegative atom. They are especially important in water molecules and in the structure of DNA. *: Imagine a water molecule (H2O) with a hydrogen atom (H) and an oxygen atom (O). The hydrogen atom in one water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom in a neighboring water molecule. This attraction is represented by a dotted line, indicating the hydrogen bond. Now, let's create a visual representation for each of these bond types.* Illustration * Here's the visual representation of the three types of bonds: 1. Covalent Bonding: Atoms A and B are sharing electrons, represented by the blue dots between them. The red line indicates the covalent bond formed by this sharing. 2. Ionic Bonding: Atom A has donated an electron to Atom B. As a result, Atom A becomes positively charged (A+) and Atom B becomes negatively charged (B-). The dashed red line indicates the attraction between these oppositely charged ions. 3. Hydrogen Bonding: The hydrogen atom (H) bonded to the oxygen atom (O) is attracted to another oxygen atom. The solid red line indicates the covalent bond within the molecule, while the dashed green line represents the weaker hydrogen bond. I hope this helps clarify the differences between covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds! BingChat: * *: Sure. Here is an illustration explaining the different types of chemical bonds:* Bard Ionic bonds ionic bond between a sodium atom and a chlorine atom * In an ionic bond, one atom transfers one or more electrons to another atom. This results in two oppositely charged ions, which are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces. In the image above, the sodium atom transfers one electron to the chlorine atom. The sodium atom becomes a positively charged ion (Na+), and the chlorine atom becomes a negatively charged ion (Cl-). The Na+ and Cl- ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, and they form an ionic bond. Covalent bonds * covalent bond between two hydrogen atoms In a covalent bond, two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. Covalent bonds are typically formed between nonmetals. In the image above, the two hydrogen atoms share a pair of electrons. The two hydrogen atoms are covalently bonded together. Hydrogen bonds * hydrogen bond between two water molecules A hydrogen bond is a special type of weak bond that forms between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for many of the unique properties of water, such as its high boiling point and surface tension. In the image above, the hydrogen atom in one water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom in another water molecule. This hydrogen bond is weaker than a covalent bond, but it is strong enough to hold the two water molecules together. I hope this illustration helps you to understand the different types of chemical bonds. Please let me know if you have any other questions. *: Here is an illustrated explanation of the three main types of chemical bonds - ionic,covalent, and hydrogen bonds:* Claude * In this illustration: • Ionic bonding is shown with the full electron transfer between the sodium and chlorine atoms, forming charged ions that attract. • Covalent bonding is shown with the shared pair of electrons between two hydrogen atoms. • Hydrogen bonding is shown with the polarity of the water molecule, leading to electrostatic attraction between molecules. Let me know if a visual explanation like this helps differentiate the types of bonds! I can create more illustrated examples to demonstrate chemical concepts. Images and diagrams can sometimes bring these abstract ideas to life. starts with the usual “Certainly!,” followed by "Let's break down the explanation," which demonstrates . After a detailed description of what the visualisation should comprise, repeatedly asking the student to “Imagine” something, it generated a quite crude “visual representation of the three types of bonds”, finalising with a “I hope this help clarify”. solely reliance on four high-quality, yet generic, pictures of chemical bonds not only did the images fail to employ effective , but they also did not promote genuine , failing to deeply engage users in the topic. The content also lacked in , as it missed drawing on parallels or real-world examples. Furthermore, the images also missed adding a , making the learning experience feel less tailored and intimate. used , by providing a comprehensive explanation, accompanied by three specific images sourced from the internet, each distinctly depicting a type of bond, adding . Concluding its explanation, added a touch of , expressing, “I hope this illustration helps you” and prompting further engagement with “Please let me know...” depiction was even more rudimentary, presenting bond details in textual format instead of offering a lucid visual illustration. Such a choice reflected a deficiency in and diminished , even though the final assertion “Images and diagrams can sometimes bring these abstract ideas to life.” While the closing remarks of "Let me know" and "I can create more illustrated examples" hint at a desire for , the lack of an actual tailored visual representation undermines this effort. ChatGPT Reinforcement & Feedback Instructional strategy Personalization & Personable Touch BingChat’s Instructional Strategies Engagement & Interactivity Use of Analogy & Comparative Illustrations Personalization & Personable Touch Bard Instructional strategy Detail Depth & Content Recommendation Bard Personalization & Personable Touch Claude's Instructional Strategies Engagement & Interactivity Personalization & Personable Touch This paper is under CC BY-SA 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

How GenAIbots Repond to Questions About Illustration of Chemical Bonds

কিভাবে GenAIbots রাসায়নিক বন্ডের ইলাস্ট্রেশন সম্পর্কে প্রশ্নের উত্তর দেয়

So reagieren GenAIbots auf Fragen zur Darstellung chemischer Bindungen

Cómo responden los GenAIbots a las preguntas sobre la ilustración de enlaces químicos

Comment les GenAIbots répondent aux questions sur l'illustration des liaisons chimiques

GenAIbots रासायनिक बंधों के चित्रण के बारे में प्रश्नों का उत्तर कैसे देते हैं

GenAIbotsが化学結合の図解に関する質問にどのように応答するか

GenAIbot이 화학 결합 예시에 대한 질문에 응답하는 방법

Como GenAIbots responde a perguntas sobre ilustração de ligações químicas

Как GenAIbots отвечают на вопросы об иллюстрации химических связей

GenAIbot'lar Kimyasal Bağların İllüstrasyonu Hakkında Sorulara Nasıl Yanıt Veriyor?

Cách GenAIbot trả lời câu hỏi về minh họa liên kết hóa học

GenAIbots 如何回答有关化学键说明的问题

Authors: (1) Renato P. dos Santos, CIAGE – Centre for Generative Artificial Intelligence in Cognition and Education. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Materials And Methods Results and Analyses Prompts and generated texts Conceptualizing chemical reactions Deepening on understanding of chemical reactions Question about combustion Question about a graph of gases turning into water over time Question about the difference between atoms, molecules, and moles Deepening on the concept of mole Question about changing of state Question about an animated representation of water molecules undergoing phase changes Question about plasma, a state of matter Question about chemical bondings Question about illustration of chemical bonds Question about the essence of the type of chemical bonding Further analysis Conclusions Limitations of the study and possible future studies Author Contributions, Conflicts of interest, Acknowledgements, and References Question about chemical bondings *: I also get confused with covalent bonding, ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds* P1 *: No worries! The different types of chemical bonds can be a bit confusing initially, but let's use some analogies and examples to clarify the distinctions.* ChatGPT 1. Covalent Bonding: • Analogy: Think of covalent bonds as two people holding hands, where each person represents an atom. Both people are sharing their hands (or electrons) with each other. • In covalent bonding, two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. This sharing helps both atoms achieve a more stable electron configuration (usually a full outer shell). • Example: The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule (H2O) is covalent. ***2. Ionic Bonding: *** • Analogy: Imagine a scenario where one person gives a gift (an electron) to another person. The person who gives the gift now feels a sense of loss, while the recipient feels a sense of gain. • In ionic bonding, one atom donates an electron to another atom. This creates two ions: a positively charged cation (the donor) and a negatively charged anion (the recipient). Because opposite charges attract, these two ions are held together by electrostatic forces. • Example: In table salt (NaCl), sodium (Na+) donates an electron to chlorine (Cl−), forming an ionic bond. ***3. Hydrogen Bonds: *** • Analogy: Think of hydrogen bonds as weaker handshakes between neighbors. They're not as strong or intimate as holding hands, but they still create a connection. • Hydrogen bonds are intermolecular forces (meaning they occur between molecules) and are weaker than covalent or ionic bonds. They form when a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) is attracted to another electronegative atom. • Example: In water, the hydrogen atoms of one water molecule are attracted to the oxygen atom ofa neighboring water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. This is why water has unique properties like a high boiling point. Here's a brief recap: • Covalent Bonds: Atoms share electrons. • Ionic Bonds: Atoms transfer electrons, resulting in attraction between positive and negative ions. • Hydrogen Bonds: Weak attractions between molecules involving a hydrogen atom Does this help clarify the differences for you? Would you like to explore any specific type of bond in more detail? *: I understand that covalent bonding, ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds can be confusing, as they are different types of interactions between atoms or molecules. Let me try to explain them to you in a simple way.* BingChat Covalent bonding is a type of intramolecular force, which means it occurs within a molecule. Covalent bonding is when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to achieve a stable configuration. For example, in a water molecule, each hydrogen atom shares one electron with the oxygen atom, forming a covalent bond. Covalent bonds can be single, double, or triple, depending on how many pairs of electrons are shared. Covalent bonds are usually strong and require a lot of energy to break [ ]. 12 Ionic bonds are another type of intramolecular force, which means they also occur within a molecule. Ionic bonds are when one atom transfers one or more electrons to another atom, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other. For example, in a sodium chloride crystal, each sodium atom loses one electron to become a positive ion (cation), and each chlorine atom gains one electron to become a negative ion (anion). The cations and anions are held together by ionic bonds. Ionic bonds are also strong and require a lot of energy to break [ ]. 12 Hydrogen bonds are a type of intermolecular force, which means they occur between molecules. Hydrogen bonds are when a hydrogen atom that is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine) forms a weak attraction with another electronegative atom on a different molecule. For example, in liquid water, each hydrogen atom on one water molecule can form a hydrogen bond with the oxygen atom on another water molecule. Hydrogen bonds are much weaker than covalent or ionic bonds and can be easily broken by thermal energy[ ] 12 I hope this helps you understand the difference between covalent bonding, ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds. If you want to learn more about these types of bonds and see some examples, you can visit this website1 or watch this video[3]. *: Covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrogen bonds are all types of chemical bonds. A chemical bond is a force that holds atoms together.* Bard Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. Covalent bonds are typically formed between nonmetals. Examples of covalent bonds include the bonds in water (H2O), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Ionic bonds are formed when one atom transfers one or more electrons to another atom. This results in two oppositely charged ions, which are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces. Ionic bonds are typically formed between metals and nonmetals. Examples of ionic bonds include the bonds in sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). Hydrogen bonds are a special type of weak bond that forms between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for many of the unique properties of water, such as its high boiling point and surface tension. Here is a table that summarizes the key differences between covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrogen bonds: * *: No problem, those bonding terms can definitely be confusing! Let's go through them one-by-one:* Claude • Covalent bonds - Shared pairs of electrons between atoms. The electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms, holding them together. Covalent bonds form molecules by connecting atoms. Example: the H2 molecule, with a shared pair of electrons between the H atoms. • Ionic bonds - Electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions. The ions form from electron transfer between atoms. Ionic bonds hold ionic compounds together in a lattice. Example: table salt (NaCl), formed from Na+ and Cl- ions attracting. • Hydrogen bonds - A special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules. It occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms (F, O, N) which draws the electron density away. This creates a slightly positive H that can attract the negative end of another molecule. Example: hydrogen bonding between water molecules, which allows ice to maintain structure. The key differences: • Covalent - shared electrons • Ionic - electron transfer • Hydrogen - electrostatic between polar molecules Let me know if you need any clarification or want to go through examples contrasting the different types! Being able to distinguish them will help a lot when learning about chemical bonding. starts using , with a “No worries!,” and by assuring that these concepts “can be a bit confusing initially”. It then employs by breaking down the content into bullet points, which makes it more digestible and making with vivid and relatable examples and analogies like "holding hands," giving “a gift … to another person,” and “weaker handshakes between neighbors” to elucidate the nuances of bonding and the importance of these bonds in understanding the properties of compounds in chemistry. The ending questions “Does this help clarify” and “Would you like to explore” in more detail promote a , respectively. , on the other hand, employs , by providing a concise explanation, with relatable examples, and providing links to websites. It also uses a by saying “I hope this helps” and adding an emoticon at the end and further with “If you want to learn more” and links to websites and videos. offers structured, fact-based information and a few examples, in a more conventional classroom style, with tabulation, representing ideal for learners preferring straightforward factual presentations. However, this approach may lack the other platforms provide. , after an encouraging “No problem” and acknowledging that the subject “can definitely be confusing,” offering , takes a more direct approach, also offering structured, fact-based information and a few examples, in a more conventional classroom style, also incurring in the risk of lacking . with phrases that beckon the learner to seek further clarification or contrastive examples. The ending question “Let me know if you need any clarification” promote a and the invitation to ask for more “examples contrasting the different types” of bonding indicates . The concluding remark, "Being able to distinguish them will help a lot when learning about chemical bonding," underscores the wider importance of grasping the distinction under discussion and aligns with the ". ChatGPT Reinforcement & Feedback Instructional Strategies Use of Analogy & Comparative Illustrations Personalization & Personable Touch and Engagement & Interactivity BingChat Instructional Strategies Analogy & Comparative Illustrations Detail Depth & Content Recommendation Personalization & Personable Touch Detail Depth & Content Recommendation Bard Instructional Strategies Engagement & Interactivity Claude Reinforcement & Feedback Engagement & Interactivity Personalization & Personable Touch Detail Depth & Content Recommendation and Engagement & Interactivity Meta-discussion & Perspective Framing This paper is under CC BY-SA 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

GenAIbots Answer Questions About Chemical Bondings

Advancements in String Theory: Resolving Conifold and Flavor D7 Brane Embedding

Let's learn about via these 43 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Mining /Learn Repo 1. Electroneum’s ETN is the Greenest Crypto after Reducing Energy Consumption to Nearly Zero Electroneum’s ETN has once again gone to where no other cryptocurrency in the industry has gone to become the eco-friendliest in the crypto space. The company has launched a software update with game-changing features leading to the transformation of the cryptocurrency industry by reducing its carbon footprint drastically. 2. Bitcoin Mining Still Requires Too Much Energy Bitcoin is far less popular now than it was in its heyday, when the world’s leading cryptocurrency was regularly dominating international headlines and leading newcomers into the burgeoning crypto-marketplace. After it caught on like wildfire amongst non-traditional investors, the Bitcoin hype also generated a slew of headlines and controversies surrounding the immense amount of energy that’s needed to mine - or generate - new tokens. These days, that controversy has largely died down, but many people still wonder if Bitcoin mining still presents a serious new global warming problem. 3. Digging Further Down the Mine: Understanding Bitcoin Difficulty Bitcoin mining difficulty is currently at an all-time high. 4. Life After ICO: 4 New Ways to Launch a Token The history and end of the ICO hype are well known: many projects turned out to be unfeasible or fraudulent, and many people lost their money. 5. Ethereum Developers Choose to Move Forward with Controversial ProgPOW Significant Changes Coming to Ethereum 6. Open Hardware Projects Utilizing Lonero: Kinetic Miner and Lonero ATM Hello world! Recently, I have been working on some open hardware projects utilizing Lonero. These specific projects are open source and created to push for innovative usecases of Lonero, and the blockchain. The list of projects are below: 7. Lowering The Electricity Costs Of Mining Bitcoin [A How-To Guide] Bitcoin remains an incredibly tantalizing digital asset, as those who invest wisely in this cryptocurrency can earn huge sums of money for themselves. Bitcoin miners and investors are nevertheless forced to contend with the fact that their market is incredibly volatile, and that technological changes are constantly upsetting industry practices. New and more efficient bitcoin mining processes, for instance, can help lower the energy costs associated with producing the digital tokens. 8. Does Mining Cryptocurrencies Harm the Environment? The mining process is vital to blockchain networks like Bitcoin, as they validate incoming transactions before storing them forever. This, of course, is done by miners, who provide their computing power to find complex, 64 character hexadecimal numbers to ensure each block is unique. 9. The End Of Crypto Mining Is Just The Beginning Of Crypto A soundbyte news item recently took the crypto community by storm: 85% of the world’s Bitcoin supply has been mined. 10. The Intricacies of Crypto Mining: An Interview with Vladimir Shutemov The cluster of block reward halving of three major crypto networks in the second quarter of 2020 has led some to speculate on the prospect of the crypto mining market. 11. Mining Crypto for Profit: It is Time Full-scale mining requires a large number of computers with powerful GPUs. 12. Will Liquid-Cooled Miners Dominate the 3rd Hashrate Revolution? Mining hashrate has come to a crossroads. Water-cooled products are being accepted and recognized by mainstream manufacturers, but will they dominate? 13. The Rising Popularity of Crypto Mining Crypto mining has garnered a lot of popularity in recent months, and it is for both right and wrong reasons. 14. "Without mining, there is no Bitcoin" This article covers everything you need to know about the process, history, and principles behind Bitcoin mining. 15. How the Breakeven Level of Mining Allows to Determine the Pivot Point of BTC In recent days, the price of  Bitcoin has fallen sharply, which has led to a decrease in network hash rate by 20%. It suggests an outflow of miners due to the losses, which has happened more than once. 16. 10 Common Sense Definitions of the Most Common Crypto Industry Terms “The limits of my language are the limits of my world.” 17. Volcanos and New Proof Methods are great, but Bitcoin's Energy Problem Falls on the Community The environmental cost of blockchain technologies and cryptocurrencies is high, but the answer doesn't only lay with energy production and better proof methods 18. “Star Trek: The Next Generation” Style Location Services Are Finally Here Supposedly, 300 years in the future, we'll still be using sound to locate people. 19. 💰 Why ASIC Miners Are a Great Investment for Passive Income ? 🚀 ASIC Miners Are a great investment for passive income, be sure to choose it wisely to reach the best mining profitability. 20. Gold-backed Tokens: Hidden Potential, Drawbacks, Prospects The economic unpredictability has now reached even gold and Bitcoin. But what if they were merged into one single asset? Let's see how the two work together. 21. Bitcoin Efficient: Introduction to the Concept This is just a concept, but perhaps can lead to a community-driven and open source project that tackles Bitcoin's Energy Efficiency problem. The project, which I dub "Bitcoin Efficient", might do just that, and much more. Unlike other hard forks from BTC such as Bitcoin Cash, Bitcoin Efficient aims to have dramatic changes in regards to hashing and consensus. The project aims to change the way Bitcoin is being mined. 22. Maximal (Miner)Extractable Value (MEV) Exploits MEV - When the most incentivize transactions are chosen to be processed first rather than on a first-come-first-serve basis.  When a bride is paid to be process 23. Bitcoin Mining and Traditional Banking Energy Consumption: The Truth Over the years, analysts and environmentalists have constantly called Bitcoin mining an energy-intensive venture. This has brought a continuous spotlight on Bit 24. Understand Bitcoin in just 835 Words Caption: Chaintimes 25. Is Crypto-Mining Still Profitable? Is it still viable for the retail investor to mine? 26. What Does a Free Economic Zone Mean For Miners? In 2019, Russian officials revealed plans to build a major special economic zone to cater to cryptocurrencies on Bolshoi Ussuriysky island. 27. Bitcoin’s Security Budget is Adequate "In a few decades when the reward gets too small, the transaction fee will become the main compensation for nodes. I'm sure that in 20 years there will either be very large transaction volume or no volume."-Satoshi Nakamoto in 2010 28. Cash, Card, or Crypto? We've finally reached a point where the cryptocurrency market is more than just a niche interest. 29. 8 Tips on Keeping Your Bitcoin Mining Gig Profitable in the Long Run The mining of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies is an industry with its ups and downs. Mining profit is always changing. Factors such as network difficulty, fluctuating prices, and Halvings are constantly changing the mining revenue. 30. Bitcoin's Halving and Pricing Through the Prism of Stock to Flow Method A look at pricing methods of Bitcoin in the context of the Stock to Flow Method and the upcoming halving. 31. #Mythbusting - Blockchain Is Just A Glorified Database The most common mistake is that blockchain — the database. This error is often even allowed to be used by crypto leaders. 32. Digging Cold Out of the Internet [Interview with Crypto Mining CEO] Bitcoin is still far away from it's all time high and these days cryptocurrency mining has become more complicated. Large miners built huge arrays to mine, making it harder for smaller miners to compete. As an alternative to traditional mining on your own equipment, which requires solid initial investments, you can use cloud mining, which allows you to mine crypto currency utilizing a remote datacenter with shared processing power, so you don`t have to install your own hardware. 33. Blockchain Security Tokens | SARS Section 12J 34. 51% Attack: Explaining the Network Disruption The blockchain’s decentralized nature and the cryptographic algorithm is close to impossible for attacks. 35. Bitcoin As Tokenized Oil. The rise of the PetroBitcoin? (An analysis of bitcoin strategies for oil rich and sanctioned countries) 36. Bitcoin Mining Just Became More Efficient Bitcoin is a decentralized, distributed piece of software that converts electricity and processing power into indisputably accurate records. Thus Bitcoin is allowing its users to utilize the Internet to perform the traditional functions of money like transacting value. 37. Bitcoin Halving: A Technical Deep Dive Today (11 may 2020) it's a very important day for Bitcoin. Today we will have the halving! 38. Crypto Mining Taxation: The Good and Bad Consequences For the Government Governments around the world may have turned a blind eye on cryptocurrency taxation some years ago, but the same is not the case today. Countries like the U.S. and Canada, have set laws defining cryptocurrency taxes on the buying, spending, trading, and mining of these
digital assets in a bid to remove ambiguity. 39. The Shortage of AMD and Nvidia GPUs Causes Gamers Grief Finding a latest-gen GPU for their launch prices is nearly impossible. 40. Blockchain and Decentralization: are Blockchains as Decentralized as They Claim to Be? Are blockchains decentralized and if yes, to what extent? Blockchains may be not as decentralized as they claim to be which may affect how you view them. 41. MimbleWimble and GRIN Coin: A Return to the Original Vision of Bitcoin? What is MimbleWimble? 42. Centralisation of mining and some project's approach to that In order to understand the solutions to the problem of centralisation of decentralised technology (which blockchain and built on it –Bitcoin is), let us first explain some basic concepts. 43. Build a “Smart Blockchain” with Python [DIY] In this article, we are going to implement a simple and plain “smart blockchain” with Python language and compare it with a blockchain. We hope that by doing this, the main concepts and advantages of this technology will be more clearly specified and welcomed by the developers and the blockchain community. Thank you for checking out the 43 most read stories about Mining on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

43 Stories To Learn About Mining

Can You Forgive Her? by Anthony Trollope is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . The Story Is Finished Within the Halls of the Duke of Omnium here The Story Is Finished Within the Halls of the Duke of Omnium. Mr. Grey and wife were duly carried away from Matching Priory by post horses, and did their honeymoon, we may be quite sure, with much satisfaction. When Alice was first asked where she would go, she simply suggested that it should not be to Switzerland. They did, in truth, go by slow stages to Italy, to Venice, Florence, and on to Rome; but such had not been their intention when they first started on their journey. At that time Mr. Grey believed that he would be wanted again in England, down at Silverbridge in Barsetshire, very shortly. But before he had married a week he learned that all that was to be postponed. The cup of fruition had not yet reached Mr. Palliser's lips. "There will be no vacancy either in the county or in the borough till Parliament meets." That had been the message sent by Mr. Palliser to Mr. Grey. Lady Glencora's message to Alice had been rather more full, having occupied three pages of note paper, the last of which had been crossed, but I do not know that it was more explicit. She had abused Lord Brock, had abused Mr. Finespun, and had abused all public things and institutions, because the arrangements as now proposed would be very comfortable to Alice, but would not, as she was pleased to think, be very comfortable to herself. "You can go to Rome and see everything and enjoy yourself, which I was not allowed to do; and all this noise and bother, and crowd of electioneering, will take place down in Barsetshire just when I am in the middle of all my trouble." There were many very long letters came from Lady Glencora to Rome during the winter,—letters which Alice enjoyed thoroughly, but which she could not but regard as being very indiscreet. The Duke was at the Castle during the Christmas week, and the descriptions of the Duke and of his solicitude as to his heir were very comic. "He comes and bends over me on the sofa in the most stupendous way, as though a woman to be the mother of his heir must be a miracle in nature. He is quite awful when he says a word or two, and more awful in his silence. The devil prompted me the other day, and I said I hoped it would be a girl. There was a look came over his face which nearly frightened me. If it should be, I believe he will turn me out of the house; but how can I help it? I wish you were going to have a baby at the same time. Then, if yours was a boy and mine a girl, we'd make a change." This was very indiscreet. Lady Glencora would write indiscreet letters like this, which Alice could not show to her husband. It was a thousand pities. But December and January wore themselves away, and the time came in which the Greys were bound to return to England. The husband had very fully discussed with his wife that matter of his parliamentary ambition, and found in her a very ready listener. Having made up his mind to do this thing, he was resolved to do it thoroughly, and was becoming almost as full of politics, almost as much devoted to sugar, as Mr. Palliser himself. He at any rate could not complain that his wife would not interest herself in his pursuits. Then, as they returned, came letters from Lady Glencora, written as her troubles grew nigh. The Duke had gone, of course; but he was to be there at the appointed time. "Oh, I do so wish he would have a fit of the gout in London,—or at Timbuctoo," said Lady Glencora. When they reached London they first heard the news from Mr. Vavasor, who on this occasion condescended to meet them at the railway. "The Duke has got an heir," he said, before the carriage-door was open;—"born this morning!" One might have supposed that it was the Duke's baby, and not the baby of Lady Glencora and Mr. Palliser. There was a note from Mr. Palliser to Mr. Grey. "Thank God!" said the note, "Lady Glencora and the boy"—Mr. Palliser had scorned to use the word child—"Lady Glencora and the boy are quite as well as can be expected. Both the new writs were moved for last night." Mr. Palliser's honours, as will be seen, came rushing upon him all at once. Wondrous little baby,— What have the gods not done for thee, if thou canst only manage to live till thy good things are all thine own,—to live through all the terrible solicitude with which they will envelope thee! Better than royal rank will be thine, with influence more than royal, and power of action fettered by no royalty. Royal wealth which will be really thine own, to do with it as it beseemeth thee. Thou wilt be at the top of an aristocracy in a country where aristocrats need gird themselves with no buckram. All that the world can give will be thine; and yet when we talk of thee religiously, philosophically, or politico-economically, we are wont to declare that thy chances of happiness are no better,—no better, if they be no worse,—than are those of thine infant neighbour just born, in that farmyard cradle. Who shall say that they are better or that they are worse? Or if they be better, or if they be worse, how shall we reconcile to ourselves that seeming injustice? purpureo genitus! And now we will pay a little visit to the small one born in the purple, and the story of that visit shall be the end of our history. It was early in April, quite early in April, and Mr. and Mrs. Grey were both at Gatherum Castle. Mrs. Grey was there at the moment of which we write, but Mr. Grey was absent at Silverbridge with Mr. Palliser. This was the day of the Silverbridge election, and Mr. Grey had gone to that ancient borough, to offer himself as a candidate to the electors, backed by the presence and aid of a very powerful member of the Cabinet. Lady Glencora and Alice were sitting up-stairs with the small, purple-born one in their presence, and the small, purple-born one was lying in Alice's lap. "It is such a comfort that it is over," said the mother. "You are the most ungrateful of women." "Oh, Alice,—if you could have known! Your baby may come just as it pleases. You won't lie awake trembling how on earth you will bear your disgrace if one of the vile weaker sex should come to disturb the hopes of your lords and masters;—for I had two, which made it so much more terrible." "I'm sure Mr. Palliser would not have said a word." "No, he would have said nothing,—nor would the Duke. The Duke would simply have gone away instantly, and never have seen me again till the next chance comes,—if it ever does come. And Mr. Palliser would have been as gentle as a dove;—much more gentle than he is now, for men are rarely gentle in their triumph. But I should have known what they both thought and felt." "It's all right now, dear." "Yes, my bonny boy,—you have made it all right for me;—have you not?" And Lady Glencora took her baby into her own arms. "You have made everything right, my little man. But oh, Alice, if you had seen the Duke's long face through those three days; if you had heard the tones of the people's voices as they whispered about me; if you had encountered the oppressive cheerfulness of those two London doctors,—doctors are such bad actors,—you would have thought it impossible for any woman to live throughout. There's one comfort;—if my mannikin lives, I can't have another eldest. He looks like living;—don't he, Alice?" Then were perpetrated various mysterious ceremonies of feminine idolatry which were continued till there came a grandly dressed old lady, who called herself the nurse, and who took the idol away. In the course of that afternoon Lady Glencora took Alice all over the house. It was a castle of enormous size, quite new,—having been built by the present proprietor,—very cold, very handsome, and very dull. "What an immense place!" said Alice, as she stood looking round her in the grand hall, which was never used as an entrance except on very grand occasions. "Is it not? And it cost—oh, I can't tell you how much it cost. A hundred thousand pounds or more. Well;—that would be nothing, as the Duke no doubt had the money in his pocket to do what he liked with at the time. But the joke is, nobody ever thinks of living here. Who'd live in such a great, overgrown place such as this, if they could get a comfortable house like Matching? Do you remember Longroyston and the hot-water pipes? I always think of the poor Duchess when I come through here. Nobody ever lives here, or ever will. The Duke comes for one week in the year, and Plantagenet says he hates to do that. As for me, nothing on earth shall ever make me live here. I was completely in their power and couldn't help their bringing me here the other day;—because I had, as it were, disgraced myself." "How disgraced yourself?" "In being so long, you know, before that gentleman was born. But they shan't play me the same trick again. I shall dare to assert myself, now. Come,—we must go away. There are some of the British public come to see one of the British sights. That's another pleasure here. One has to run about to avoid being caught by the visitors. The housekeeper tells me they always grumble because they are not allowed to go into my little room up-stairs." On the evening of that day Mr. Palliser and Mr. Grey returned home from Silverbridge together. The latter was then a Member of Parliament, but the former at that moment was the possessor of no such dignity. The election for the borough was now over, whereas that for the county had not yet taken place. But there was no rival candidate for the position, and Mr. Palliser was thoroughly contented with his fate. He was at this moment actually Chancellor of the Exchequer, and in about ten days' time would be on his legs in the House proposing for his country's use his scheme of finance. The two men were seated together in an open carriage, and were being whirled along by four horses. They were both no doubt happy in their ambition, but I think that of the two, Mr. Palliser showed his triumph the most. Not that he spoke even to his friend a word that was triumphant in its tone. It was not thus that he rejoiced. He was by nature too placid for that. But there was a nervousness in his contentment which told the tale to any observer who might know how to read it. "I hope you'll like it," he said to Grey. "I shall never like it as you do," Grey answered. "And why not;—why not?" "In the first place, I have not begun it so young." "Any time before thirty-five is young enough." "For useful work, yes,—but hardly for enjoyment in the thing. And then I don't believe it all as you do. To you the British House of Commons is everything." "Yes;—everything," said Mr. Palliser with unwonted enthusiasm;—"everything, everything. That and the Constitution are everything." "It is not so to me." "Ah, but it will be. If you really take to the work, and put yourself into harness, it will be so. You'll get to feel it as I do. The man who is counted by his colleagues as number one on the Treasury Bench in the English House of Commons, is the first of living men. That's my opinion. I don't know that I ever said it before; but that's my opinion." "And who is the second;—the purse-bearer to this great man?" "I say nothing about the second. I don't know that there is any second. I wonder how we shall find Lady Glencora and the boy." They had then arrived at the side entrance to the Castle, and Mr. Grey ran up-stairs to his wife's room to receive her congratulations. "And you are a Member of Parliament?" she asked. "They tell me so, but I don't know whether I actually am one till I've taken the oaths." "I am so happy. There's no position in the world so glorious!" "It's a pity you are not Mr. Palliser's wife. That's just what he has been saying." "Oh, John, I am so happy. It is so much more than I have deserved. I hope,—that is, I sometimes think—" "Think what, dearest?" "I hope nothing that I have ever said has driven you to it." "I'd do more than that, dear, to make you happy," he said, as he put his arm round her and kissed her; "more than that, at least if it were in my power." Probably my readers may agree with Alice, that in the final adjustment of her affairs she had received more than she had deserved. All her friends, except her husband, thought so. But as they have all forgiven her, including even Lady Midlothian herself, I hope that they who have followed her story to its close will not be less generous. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Anthony Trollope (2006). Can You Forgive Her?. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved October 2022 https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/19500/pg19500-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

The Story Is Finished Within the Halls of the Duke of Omnium

THE ELECTION

The Way We Live Now by Anthony Trollope is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . MR. MELMOTTE ON THE DAY OF THE ELECTION here MR. MELMOTTE ON THE DAY OF THE ELECTION. No election of a Member of Parliament by ballot in a borough so large as that of Westminster had as yet been achieved in England since the ballot had been established by law. Men who heretofore had known, or thought that they knew, how elections would go, who counted up promises, told off professed enemies, and weighed the doubtful ones, now confessed themselves to be in the dark. Three days since the odds had been considerably in Melmotte's favour; but this had come from the reputation attached to his name, rather than from any calculation as to the politics of the voters. Then Sunday had intervened. On the Monday Melmotte's name had continued to go down in the betting from morning to evening. Early in the day his supporters had thought little of this, attributing the fall to that vacillation which is customary in such matters; but towards the latter part of the afternoon the tidings from the City had been in everybody's mouth, and Melmotte's committee-room had been almost deserted. At six o'clock there were some who suggested that his name should be withdrawn. No such suggestion, however, was made to him,—perhaps because no one dared to make it. On the Monday evening all work and strategy for the election, as regarded Melmotte and his party, died away; and the interest of the hour was turned to the dinner. But Mr. Alf's supporters were very busy. There had been a close consultation among a few of them as to what should be done by their Committee as to these charges against the opposite candidate. In the "Pulpit" of that evening an allusion had been made to the affair, which was of course sufficiently intelligible to those who were immediately concerned in the matter, but which had given no name and mentioned no details. Mr. Alf explained that this had been put in by the sub-editor, and that it only afforded such news as the paper was bound to give to the public. He himself pointed out the fact that no note of triumph had been sounded, and that the rumour had not been connected with the election. One old gentleman was of opinion that they were bound to make the most of it. "It's no more than we've all believed all along," said the old gentleman, "and why are we to let a fellow like that get the seat if we can keep him out?" He was of opinion that everything should be done to make the rumour with all its exaggerations as public as possible,—so that there should be no opening for an indictment for libel; and the clever old gentleman was full of devices by which this might be effected. But the Committee generally was averse to fight in this manner. Public opinion has its Bar as well as the Law Courts. If, after all, Melmotte had committed no fraud,—or, as was much more probable, should not be convicted of fraud,—then it would be said that the accusation had been forged for purely electioneering purposes, and there might be a rebound which would pretty well crush all those who had been concerned. Individual gentlemen could, of course, say what they pleased to individual voters; but it was agreed at last that no overt use should be made of the rumours by Mr. Alf's Committee. In regard to other matters, they who worked under the Committee were busy enough. The dinner to the Emperor was turned into ridicule, and the electors were asked whether they felt themselves bound to return a gentleman out of the City to Parliament because he had offered to spend a fortune on entertaining all the royalties then assembled in London. There was very much said on placards and published in newspapers to the discredit of Melmotte, but nothing was so printed which would not have appeared with equal venom had the recent rumours never been sent out from the City. At twelve o'clock at night, when Mr. Alf's committee-room was being closed, and when Melmotte was walking home to bed, the general opinion at the clubs was very much in favour of Mr. Alf. On the next morning Melmotte was up before eight. As yet no policeman had called for him, nor had any official intimation reached him that an accusation was to be brought against him. On coming down from his bedroom he at once went into the back-parlour on the ground floor, which Mr. Longestaffe called his study, and which Mr. Melmotte had used since he had been in Mr. Longestaffe's house for the work which he did at home. He would be there often early in the morning, and often late at night after Lord Alfred had left him. There were two heavy desk-tables in the room, furnished with drawers down to the ground. One of these the owner of the house had kept locked for his own purposes. When the bargain for the temporary letting of the house had been made, Mr. Melmotte and Mr. Longestaffe were close friends. Terms for the purchase of Pickering had just been made, and no cause for suspicion had as yet arisen. Everything between the two gentlemen had been managed with the greatest ease. Oh dear, yes! Mr. Longestaffe could come whenever he pleased. He, Melmotte, always left the house at ten and never returned till six. The ladies would never enter that room. The servants were to regard Mr. Longestaffe quite as master of the house as far as that room was concerned. If Mr. Longestaffe could spare it, Mr. Melmotte would take the key of one of the tables. The matter was arranged very pleasantly. Mr. Melmotte, on entering the room bolted the door, and then, sitting at his own table, took certain papers out of the drawers,—a bundle of letters and another of small documents. From these, with very little examination, he took three or four,—two or three perhaps from each. These he tore into very small fragments and burned the bits,—holding them over a gas-burner and letting the ashes fall into a large china plate. Then he blew the ashes into the yard through the open window. This he did to all these documents but one. This one he put bit by bit into his mouth, chewing the paper into a pulp till he swallowed it. When he had done this, and had re-locked his own drawers, he walked across to the other table, Mr. Longestaffe's table, and pulled the handle of one of the drawers. It opened;—and then, without touching the contents, he again closed it. He then knelt down and examined the lock, and the hole above into which the bolt of the lock ran. Having done this he again closed the drawer, drew back the bolt of the door, and, seating himself at his own desk, rang the bell which was close to hand. The servant found him writing letters after his usual hurried fashion, and was told that he was ready for breakfast. He always breakfasted alone with a heap of newspapers around him, and so he did on this day. He soon found the paragraph alluding to himself in the "Pulpit," and read it without a quiver in his face or the slightest change in his colour. There was no one to see him now,—but he was acting under a resolve that at no moment, either when alone, or in a crowd, or when suddenly called upon for words,—not even when the policemen with their first hints of arrest should come upon him,—would he betray himself by the working of a single muscle, or the loss of a drop of blood from his heart. He would go through it, always armed, without a sign of shrinking. It had to be done, and he would do it. At ten he walked down to the central committee-room at Whitehall Place. He thought that he would face the world better by walking than if he were taken in his own brougham. He gave orders that the carriage should be at the committee-room at eleven, and wait an hour for him if he was not there. He went along Bond Street and Piccadilly, Regent Street and through Pall Mall to Charing Cross, with the blandly triumphant smile of a man who had successfully entertained the great guest of the day. As he got near the club he met two or three men whom he knew, and bowed to them. They returned his bow graciously enough, but not one of them stopped to speak to him. Of one he knew that he would have stopped, had it not been for the rumour. Even after the man had passed on he was careful to show no displeasure on his face. He would take it all as it would come and still be the blandly triumphant Merchant Prince,—as long as the police would allow him. He probably was not aware how very different was the part he was now playing from that which he had assumed at the India Office. At the committee-room he only found a few understrappers, and was informed that everything was going on regularly. The electors were balloting; but with the ballot,—so said the leader of the understrappers,—there never was any excitement. The men looked half-frightened,—as though they did not quite know whether they ought to seize their candidate, and hold him till the constable came. They certainly had not expected to see him there. "Has Lord Alfred been here?" Melmotte asked, standing in the inner room with his back to the empty grate. No,—Lord Alfred had not been there. "Nor Mr. Grendall?" The senior understrapper knew that Melmotte would have asked for "his Secretary," and not for Mr. Grendall, but for the rumours. It is so hard not to tumble into Scylla when you are avoiding Charybdis. Mr. Grendall had not been there. Indeed, nobody had been there. "In fact, there is nothing more to be done, I suppose?" said Mr. Melmotte. The senior understrapper thought that there was nothing more to be done. He left word that his brougham should be sent away, and strolled out again on foot. He went up into Covent Garden, where there was a polling booth. The place seemed to him, as one of the chief centres for a contested election, to be wonderfully quiet. He was determined to face everybody and everything, and he went close up to the booth. Here he was recognised by various men, mechanics chiefly, who came forward and shook hands with him. He remained there for an hour conversing with people, and at last made a speech to a little knot around him. He did not allude to the rumour of yesterday, nor to the paragraph in the "Pulpit" to which his name had not been attached; but he spoke freely enough of the general accusations that had been brought against him previously. He wished the electors to understand that nothing which had been said against him made him ashamed to meet them here or elsewhere. He was proud of his position, and proud that the electors of Westminster should recognise it. He did not, he was glad to say, know much of the law, but he was told that the law would protect him from such aspersions as had been unfairly thrown upon him. He flattered himself that he was too good an Englishman to regard the ordinary political attacks to which candidates were, as a matter of course, subject at elections;—and he could stretch his back to bear perhaps a little more than these, particularly as he looked forward to a triumphant return. But things had been said, and published, which the excitement of an election could not justify, and as to these things he must have recourse to the law. Then he made some allusion to the Princes and the Emperor, and concluded by observing that it was the proudest boast of his life to be an Englishman and a Londoner. It was asserted afterwards that this was the only good speech he had ever been known to make; and it was certainly successful, as he was applauded throughout Covent Garden. A reporter for the "Breakfast Table" who was on duty at the place, looking for paragraphs as to the conduct of electors, gave an account of the speech in that paper, and made more of it, perhaps, than it deserved. It was asserted afterwards, and given as a great proof of Melmotte's cleverness, that he had planned the thing and gone to Covent Garden all alone having considered that in that way could he best regain a step in reputation; but in truth the affair had not been preconcerted. It was while in Whitehall Place that he had first thought of going to Covent Garden, and he had had no idea of making a speech till the people had gathered round him. It was then noon, and he had to determine what he should do next. He was half inclined to go round to all the booths and make speeches. His success at Covent Garden had been very pleasant to him. But he feared that he might not be so successful elsewhere. He had shown that he was not afraid of the electors. Then an idea struck him that he would go boldly into the City,—to his own offices in Abchurch Lane. He had determined to be absent on this day, and would not be expected. But his appearance there could not on that account be taken amiss. Whatever enmities there might be, or whatever perils, he would face them. He got a cab therefore and had himself driven to Abchurch Lane. The clerks were hanging about doing nothing, as though it were a holiday. The dinner, the election, and the rumour together had altogether demoralized them. But some of them at least were there, and they showed no signs of absolute insubordination. "Mr. Grendall has not been here?" he asked. No; Mr. Grendall had not been there; but Mr. Cohenlupe was in Mr. Grendall's room. At this moment he hardly desired to see Mr. Cohenlupe. That gentleman was privy to many of his transactions, but was by no means privy to them all. Mr. Cohenlupe knew that the estate at Pickering had been purchased, and knew that it had been mortgaged. He knew also what had become of the money which had so been raised. But he knew nothing of the circumstances of the purchase, although he probably surmised that Melmotte had succeeded in getting the title-deeds on credit, without paying the money. He was afraid that he could hardly see Cohenlupe and hold his tongue, and that he could not speak to him without danger. He and Cohenlupe might have to stand in a dock together; and Cohenlupe had none of his spirit. But the clerks would think, and would talk, were he to leave the office without seeing his old friend. He went therefore into his own room, and called to Cohenlupe as he did so. "Ve didn't expect you here to-day," said the member for Staines. "Nor did I expect to come. But there isn't much to do at Westminster while the ballot is going on; so I came up, just to look at the letters. The dinner went off pretty well yesterday, eh?" "Uncommon;—nothing better. Vy did the Lord Mayor stay away, Melmotte?" "Because he's an ass and a cur," said Mr. Melmotte with an assumed air of indignation. "Alf and his people had got hold of him. There was ever so much fuss about it at first,—whether he would accept the invitation. I say it was an insult to the City to take it and not to come. I shall be even with him some of these days." "Things will go on just the same as usual, Melmotte?" "Go on. Of course they'll go. What's to hinder them?" "There's ever so much been said," whispered Cohenlupe. "Said;—yes," ejaculated Melmotte very loudly. "You're not such a fool, I hope, as to believe every word you hear. You'll have enough to believe, if you do." "There's no knowing vat anybody does know, and vat anybody does not know," said Cohenlupe. "Look you here, Cohenlupe,"—and now Melmotte also sank his voice to a whisper,—"keep your tongue in your mouth; go about just as usual, and say nothing. It's all right. There has been some heavy pulls upon us." "Oh dear, there has indeed!" "But any paper with my name to it will come right." "That's nothing;—nothing at all," said Cohenlupe. "And there is nothing;—nothing at all! I've bought some property and have paid for it; and I have bought some, and have not yet paid for it. There's no fraud in that." "No, no,—nothing in that." "You hold your tongue, and go about your business. I'm going to the bank now." Cohenlupe had been very low in spirits, and was still low in spirits; but he was somewhat better after the visit of the great man to the City. Mr. Melmotte was as good as his word and walked straight to the bank. He kept two accounts at different banks, one for his business, and one for his private affairs. The one he now entered was that which kept what we may call his domestic account. He walked straight through, after his old fashion, to the room behind the bank in which sat the manager and the manager's one clerk, and stood upon the rug before the fire-place just as though nothing had happened,—or as nearly as though nothing had happened as was within the compass of his powers. He could not quite do it. In keeping up an appearance intended to be natural he was obliged to be somewhat milder than his wont. The manager did not behave nearly as well as he did, and the clerks manifestly betrayed their emotion. Melmotte saw that it was so;—but he had expected it, and had come there on purpose to "put it down." "We hardly expected to see you in the City to-day, Mr. Melmotte." "And I didn't expect to see myself here. But it always happens that when one expects that there's most to be done, there's nothing to be done at all. They're all at work down at Westminster, balloting; but as I can't go on voting for myself, I'm of no use. I've been at Covent Garden this morning, making a stump speech, and if all that they say there is true, I haven't much to be afraid of." "And the dinner went off pretty well?" asked the manager. "Very well, indeed. They say the Emperor liked it better than anything that has been done for him yet." This was a brilliant flash of imagination. "For a friend to dine with me every day, you know, I should prefer somebody who had a little more to say for himself. But then, perhaps, you know, if you or I were in China we shouldn't have much to say for ourselves;—eh?" The manager acceded to this proposition. "We had one awful disappointment. His lordship from over the way didn't come." "The Lord Mayor, you mean." "The Lord Mayor didn't come! He was frightened at the last moment;—took it into his head that his authority in the City was somehow compromised. But the wonder was that the dinner went on without him." Then Melmotte referred to the purport of his call there that day. He would have to draw large cheques for his private wants. "You don't give a dinner to an Emperor of China for nothing, you know." He had been in the habit of over-drawing on his private account,—making arrangements with the manager. But now, in the manager's presence, he drew a regular cheque on his business account for a large sum, and then, as a sort of afterthought, paid in the £250 which he had received from Mr. Broune on account of the money which Sir Felix had taken from Marie. "There don't seem much the matter with him," said the manager, when Melmotte had left the room. "He brazens it out, don't he?" said the senior clerk. But the feeling of the room after full discussion inclined to the opinion that the rumours had been a political manœuvre. Nevertheless, Mr. Melmotte would not now have been allowed to overdraw at the present moment. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Anthony Trollope (2004). The Way We Live Now. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved October 2022 https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/5231/pg5231-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

MR. MELMOTTE ON THE DAY OF THE ELECTION

THE DINNER

Can You Forgive Her? by Anthony Trollope is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . A Noble Lord Dies here A Noble Lord Dies. George Vavasor remained about four days beneath his grandfather's roof; but he was not happy there himself, nor did he contribute to the happiness of any one else. He remained there in great discomfort so long, being unwilling to leave till an answer had been received to the request made to Aunt Greenow, in order that he might insist on Kate's performance of her promise with reference to Alice, if that answer should be unfavourable. During these five days Kate did all in her power to induce her brother to be, at any rate, kind in his manner towards his grandfather, but it was in vain. The Squire would not be the first to be gracious; and George, quite as obstinate as the old man, would take no steps in that direction till encouraged to do so by graciousness from the other side. Poor Kate entreated each of them to begin, but her entreaties were of no avail. "He is an ill-mannered cub," the old man said, "and I was a fool to let him into the house. Don't mention his name to me again." George argued the matter more at length. Kate spoke to him of his own interest in the matter, urging upon him that he might, by such conduct, drive the Squire to exclude him altogether from the property. "He must do as he likes," George said, sulkily. "But for Alice's sake!" Kate answered. "Alice would be the last to expect me to submit to unreasonable ill-usage for the sake of money. As regards myself, I confess that I'm very fond of money and am not particularly squeamish. I would do anything that a man can do to secure it. But this I can't do. I never injured him, and I never asked him to injure himself. I never attempted to borrow money from him. I have never cost him a shilling. When I was in the wine business he might have enabled me to make a large fortune simply by settling on me then the reversion of property which, when he dies, ought to be my own. He was so perversely ignorant that he would make no inquiry, but chose to think that I was ruining myself, at the only time of my life when I was really doing well." "But he had a right to act as he pleased," urged Kate. "Certainly he had. But he had no right to resent my asking such a favour at his hands. He was an ignorant old fool not to do it; but I should never have quarrelled with him on that account. Nature made him a fool, and it wasn't his fault. But I can't bring myself to kneel in the dirt before him simply because I asked for what was reasonable." The two men said very little to each other. They were never alone together except during that half-hour after dinner in which they were supposed to drink their wine. The old Squire always took three glasses of port during this period, and expected that his grandson would take three with him. But George would drink none at all. "I have given up drinking wine after dinner," said he, when his grandfather pushed the bottle over to him. "I suppose you mean that you drink nothing but claret," said the Squire, in a tone of voice that was certainly not conciliatory. "I mean simply what I say," said George—"that I have given up drinking wine after dinner." The old man could not openly quarrel with his heir on such a point as that. Even Mr. Vavasor could not tell his grandson that he was going to the dogs because he had become temperate. But, nevertheless, there was offence in it; and when George sat perfectly silent, looking at the fire, evidently determined to make no attempt at conversation, the offence grew, and became strong. "What the devil's the use of your sitting there if you neither drink nor talk?" said the old man. "No use in the world, that I can see," said George; "if, however, I were to leave you, you would abuse me for it." "I don't care how soon you leave me," said the Squire. From all which it may be seen that George Vavasor's visit to the hall of his ancestors was not satisfactory. On the fourth day, about noon, came Aunt Greenow's reply. "Dearest Kate," she said, "I am not going to do what you ask me,"—thus rushing instantly into the middle of her subject. You see, I don't know my nephew, and have no reason for being specially anxious that he should be in Parliament. I don't care two straws about the glory of the Vavasor family. If I had never done anything for myself, the Vavasors would have done very little for me. I don't care much about what you call 'blood.' I like those who like me, and whom I know. I am very fond of you, and because you have been good to me I would give you a thousand pounds if you wanted it for yourself; but I don't see why I am to give my money to those I don't know. If it is necessary to tell my nephew of this, pray tell him that I mean no offence. Your friend C. is still waiting—waiting—waiting, patiently; but his patience may be exhausted. Your affectionate aunt, Arabella Greenow. "Of course she won't," said George, as he threw back the letter to his sister. "Why should she?" "I had hoped she would," said Kate. "Why should she? What did I ever do for her? She is a sensible woman. Who is your friend C., and why is he waiting patiently?" "He is a man who would be glad to marry her for her money, if she would take him." "Then what does she mean by his patience being exhausted?" "It is her folly. She chooses to pretend to think that the man is a lover of mine." "Has he got any money?" "Yes; lots of money—or money's worth." "And what is his name?" "His name is Cheesacre. But pray don't trouble yourself to talk about him." "If he wants to marry you, and has plenty of money, why shouldn't you take him?" "Good heavens, George! In the first place he does not want to marry me. In the next place all his heart is in his farmyard." "And a very good place to have it," said George. "Undoubtedly. But, really, you must not trouble yourself to talk about him." "Only this,—that I should be very glad to see you well married." "Should you?" said she, thinking of her close attachment to himself. "And now, about the money," said George. "You must write to Alice at once."—"Oh, George!" "Of course you must; you have promised. Indeed, it would have been much wiser if you had taken me at my word, and done it at once."—"I cannot do it." Then the scar on his face opened itself, and his sister stood before him in fear and trembling. "Do you mean to tell me," said he, "that you will go back from your word, and deceive me;—that after having kept me here by this promise, you will not do what you have said you would do?" "Take my money now, and pay me out of hers as soon as you are married. I will be the first to claim it from her,—and from you." "That is nonsense." "Why should it be nonsense? Surely you need have no scruple with me. I should have none with you if I wanted assistance." "Look here, Kate; I won't have it, and there's an end of it. All that you have in the world would not pull me through this election, and therefore such a loan would be worse than useless." "And am I to ask her for more than two thousand pounds?" "You are to ask her simply for one thousand. That is what I want, and must have, at present. And she knows that I want it, and that she is to supply it; only she does not know that my need is so immediate. That you must explain to her." "I would sooner burn my hand, George!" "But burning your hand, unfortunately, won't do any good. Look here, Kate; I insist upon your doing this for me. If you do not, I shall do it, of course, myself; but I shall regard your refusal as an unjustifiable falsehood on your part, and shall certainly not see you afterwards. I do not wish, for reasons which you may well understand, to write to Alice myself on any subject at present. I now claim your promise to do so; and if you refuse, I shall know very well what to do." Of course she did not persist in her refusal. With a sorrowful heart, and with fingers that could hardly form the needful letters, she did write a letter to her cousin, which explained the fact—that George Vavasor immediately wanted a thousand pounds for his electioneering purposes. It was a stiff, uncomfortable letter, unnatural in its phraseology, telling its own tale of grief and shame. Alice understood very plainly all the circumstances under which it was written, but she sent back word to Kate at once, undertaking that the money should be forthcoming; and she wrote again before the end of January, saying that the sum named had been paid to George's credit at his own bankers. Kate had taken immense pride in the renewal of the match between her brother and her cousin, and had rejoiced in it greatly as being her own work. But all that pride and joy were now over. She could no longer write triumphant notes to Alice, speaking always of George as one who was to be their joint hero, foretelling great things of his career in Parliament, and saying little soft things of his enduring love. It was no longer possible to her now to write of George at all, and it was equally impossible to Alice. Indeed, no letters passed between them, when that monetary correspondence was over, up to the end of the winter. Kate remained down in Westmoreland, wretched and ill at ease, listening to hard words spoken by her grandfather against her brother, and feeling herself unable to take her brother's part as she had been wont to do in other times. George returned to town at the end of those four days, and found that the thousand pounds was duly placed to his credit before the end of the month. It is hardly necessary to tell the reader that this money had come from the stores of Mr. Tombe, and that Mr. Tombe duly debited Mr. Grey with the amount. Alice, in accordance with her promise, had told her father that the money was needed, and her father, in accordance with his promise, had procured it without a word of remonstrance. "Surely I must sign some paper," Alice had said. But she had been contented when her father told her that the lawyers would manage all that. It was nearly the end of February when George Vavasor made his first payment to Mr. Scruby on behalf of the coming election; and when he called at Mr. Scruby's office with this object, he received some intelligence which surprised him not a little. "You haven't heard the news," said Scruby. "What news?" said George. "The Marquis is as nearly off the hooks as a man can be." Mr. Scruby, as he communicated the tidings, showed clearly by his face and voice that they were supposed to be of very great importance; but Vavasor did not at first seem to be as much interested in the fate of "the Marquis" as Scruby had intended. "I'm very sorry for him," said George. "Who is the Marquis? There'll be sure to come another, so it don't much signify." "There will come another, and that's just it. It's the Marquis of Bunratty; and if he drops, our young Member will go into the Upper House." "What, immediately; before the end of the Session?" George, of course, knew well enough that such would be the case, but the effect which this event would have upon himself now struck him suddenly. "To be sure," said Scruby. "The writ would be out immediately. I should be glad enough of it, only that I know that Travers's people have heard of it before us, and that they are ready to be up with their posters directly the breath is out of the Marquis's body. We must go to work immediately; that's all." "It will only be for part of a Session," said George. "Just so," said Mr. Scruby. "And then there'll be the cost of another election." "That's true," said Mr. Scruby; "but in such cases we do manage to make it come a little cheaper. If you lick Travers now, it may be that you'll have a walk-over for the next." "Have you seen Grimes?" asked George. "Yes, I have; the blackguard! He is going to open his house on Travers's side. He came to me as bold as brass, and told me so, saying that he never liked gentlemen who kept him waiting for his odd money. What angers me is that he ever got it." "We have not managed it very well, certainly," said Vavasor, looking nastily at the attorney. "We can't help those little accidents, Mr. Vavasor. There are worse accidents than that turn up almost daily in my business. You may think yourself almost lucky that I haven't gone over to Travers myself. He is a Liberal, you know; and it hasn't been for want of an offer, I can tell you." Vavasor was inclined to doubt the extent of his luck in this respect, and was almost disposed to repent of his Parliamentary ambition. He would now be called upon to spend certainly not less than three thousand pounds of his cousin's money on the chance of being able to sit in Parliament for a few months. And then, after what a fashion would he be compelled to negotiate that loan! He might, to be sure, allow the remainder of this Session to run, and stand, as he had intended, at the general election; but he knew that if he now allowed a Liberal to win the seat, the holder of the seat would be almost sure of subsequent success. He must either fight now, or give up the fight altogether; and he was a man who did not love to abandon any contest in which he had been engaged. "Well, Squire," said Scruby, "how is it to be?" And Vavasor felt that he detected in the man's voice some diminution of that respect with which he had hitherto been treated as a paying candidate for a metropolitan borough. "This lord is not dead yet," said Vavasor. "No; he's not dead yet, that we have heard; but it won't do for us to wait. We want every minute of time that we can get. There isn't any hope for him, I'm told. It's gout in the stomach, or dropsy at the heart, or some of those things that make a fellow safe to go." "It won't do to wait for the next election?" "If you ask me, I should say certainly not. Indeed, I shouldn't wish to have to conduct it under such circumstances. I hate a fight when there's no chance of success. I grudge spending a man's money in such a case; I do indeed, Mr. Vavasor." "I suppose Grimes's going over won't make much difference?" "The blackguard! He'll take a hundred and fifty votes, I suppose; perhaps more. But that is not much in such a constituency as the Chelsea districts. You see, Travers played mean at the last election, and that will be against him." "But the Conservatives will have a candidate." "There's no knowing; but I don't think they will. They'll try one at the general, no doubt; but if the two sitting Members can pull together, they won't have much of a chance." Vavasor found himself compelled to say that he would stand; and Scruby undertook to give the initiatory orders at once, not waiting even till the Marquis should be dead. "We should have our houses open as soon as theirs," said he. "There's a deal in that." So George Vavasor gave his orders. "If the worst comes to the worst," he said to himself, "I can always cut my throat." As he walked from the attorney's office to his club he bethought himself that that might not unprobably be the necessary termination of his career. Everything was going wrong with him. His grandfather, who was eighty years of age, would not die,—appeared to have no symptoms of dying;—whereas this Marquis, who was not yet much over fifty, was rushing headlong out of the world, simply because he was the one man whose continued life at the present moment would be serviceable to George Vavasor. As he thought of his grandfather he almost broke his umbrella by the vehemence with which he struck it against the pavement. What right could an ignorant old fool like that have to live for ever, keeping the possession of a property which he could not use, and ruining those who were to come after him? If now, at this moment, that wretched place down in Westmoreland could become his, he might yet ride triumphantly over his difficulties, and refrain from sullying his hands with more of his cousin's money till she should become his wife. Even that thousand pounds had not passed through his hands without giving him much bitter suffering. As is always the case in such matters, the thing done was worse than the doing of it. He had taught himself to look at it lightly whilst it was yet unaccomplished; but he could not think of it lightly now. Kate had been right. It would have been better for him to take her money. Any money would have been better than that upon which he had laid his sacrilegious hands. If he could have cut a purse, after the old fashion, the stain of the deed would hardly have been so deep. In these days,—for more than a month, indeed, after his return from Westmoreland,—he did not go near Queen Anne Street, trying to persuade himself that he stayed away because of her coldness to him. But, in truth, he was afraid of seeing her without speaking of her money, and afraid to see her if he were to speak of it. "You have seen the ?" someone said to him as he entered the club. Globe "No, indeed; I have seen nothing." "Bunratty died in Ireland this morning. I suppose you'll be up for the Chelsea districts?" About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Anthony Trollope (2006). Can You Forgive Her?. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved October 2022 https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/19500/pg19500-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

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