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Materials and equipment needed To build and test these test lungs, some equipment is essential. The following is a list of suggested gear: Compressed air source: oil free compressor, several cfm at > 50psi Recommended: Porter-Cable C2002 Pressure gauge: should read 0–50 cmH2O range with <1 cmH2O resolution, preferably with differential inputs, preferably digital Recommended: Risepro HT-1890 Flow meter: should read 0–60 lpm with < 1 lpm resolution, preferably digital Recommended: no recommendation yet Rigid vessel: one 14 gallon or three 5 or 6 gallon glass carboys (from home brewing store) (or) Flexible bag: anaesthesia bag, 2–3 liters (or other similar size bag) Recommended: Smiths Portex #370924 Plastic sheets (for springs): 12x12 inch, 1/8 thick, HDPE, polypropylene, or polycarbonate Recommended: McMaster 2898K11 https://www.mcmaster.com/2898k11 Tubing: 3/4 inch PVC pipe, schedule 40 (from hardware store) — By Alex Izvorski and Robert L. Read Teams building and testing ventilators for COVID-19 need to have “test lungs”. The term “test lung” sometimes means a physical air-tight container with sophisticated instrumentation added, but here we mean just the physical container without the instruments. A test lung is a simulator of a real pair of lungs, but made in such a way that it has standard and stable physical properties. In particular, it should press against air inside it when inflated, just like real lungs, which is called . It should oppose air from moving in or out too fast (just like real lungs which can’t fill or empty instantly) this is called . It is almost impossible to understand how an emergency pandemic ventilator designed to help humans breathe will behave without testing on test lungs. Engineers building prototypes need a way to test on their workbench, even if much more rigorous testing will eventually be needed before a ventilator is used on a patient. This article teaches how to model compliance and resistance, and will be useful if you need to understand those concepts, or if you actually need to test a pandemic ventilator. compliance resistance (A Commercial test lung with a resistance tube and barbed bleed adapter.) How Doctors Measure Pressure For respiration, only pressure differences matter. Breathing is driven not by atmospheric pressure, but by difference in pressure in the airway compared to atmospheric pressure. Although engineers normally use the SI unit of pressure, which is the Pascal, the medical profession usually measures pressure in terms of the height of a column of water it will raise — -hence, centimeters of water, denoted as cmH2O. 1 cmH2O is approximately equal to 98 Pa. It takes 70 cm H2O to make one psi. Breathing pressure differentials almost never go above one psi! To measure pressure inside an airway, you have to get a pressure meter probe or sensor sealed inside the airway. Adult airways use an international 22mm standard. A barbed bleed adapter is a convenient way to insert a pressure sensor into an airway. This is about the size of ¾” PVC tubing, which is widely available. (A smaller port in the airway makes taking a pressure measurement easier.) Compliance Typical healthy lungs have a compliance around 20–50 milliliters/cmH2O. In other words, pushing in 20–50 ml air would raise pressure by 1 cmH2O. (Different lungs or diseases have different compliance curves.) The compliance of real lungs is not completely constant. Just like a balloon getting tight as it gets full, the lungs require more pressure to push or pull another milliliter in as they get more full. That is why a plot of pressure vs. volume is a typical S-shaped curve. Some disease conditions make the lungs stiff (low compliance), or even loose (high compliance). Because applying too much pressure to a patient’s lungs or blowing too much air into them causes serious injury, ventilators have to be tested against realistic compliance and resistance. Resistance Typical healthy lungs also have a resistance around 3–7 cmH2O/(liters/second). Thus, pushing air in at a constant flow rate of 1 liter/second (60 liters per minute) would raise pressure by 3–7 cmH2O (in addition to the change due to compliance). A realistic test lung is simply a combination of an element with a known resistance and an element with a known compliance. Commercial Test Lungs Instrumented commercial test lungs are available, but may be quite expensive, and may not be easy to obtain in the current crisis. Some examples of instrumented test lungs are the Michigan Instruments Model 1600 Test Lung; the IngMar ASL 5000 Breathing Simulator; and the IMT SmartLung. Even uninstrumented simple plastic test lungs may be hard to obtain in some places during the pandemic. If you are working on a ventilator project and have one of these, great! If you don’t, this article is for you. Constructing Your Own Test Lungs Several ways of constructing test lungs with known resistance and compliance are described in the ISO 10651–5 standard for ventilators. It turns out that some of those don’t require any expensive or difficult to obtain materials or equipment. They work as well as the commercial test lungs, and are suitable for certifying designs. To calibrate your test lung, you will need a pressure meter or sensor and a way to take a measurement just inside the throat of the test lung, such as by using a CPAP bleed adapter or some other Y-connector or T-connector that you can seal around your pressure meter. Constructing Compliance from a Glass Vessel Compliance is measured in milliliters/cmH2O. This may be concisely written as just a C-value without the units, and those units are assumed. The typical adult range is around C20 (+-10), mainly depending on body size and physical condition. Compliance may decrease greatly with conditions that cause the lung tissue to stiffen (eg ARDS). Values used in the ISO standards (for adults) are: C50 — large adult C20 — normal C10 — unhealthy lungs : a rigid vessel such as a large glass carboy. The air inside the container acts as a stiff spring. Construction C50 = 72.5 liter (19 gallon) vessel C20 = 29 liter (7.5 gallon) vessel C10 = 14.5 liter (3.8 gallon) vessel (Inexpensive 41.6 liter or 11 gallon test lung, measured compliance C28) (Classic adult test lung from from Hill 1965; the 50 liter or 13 gallon glass demijohn inside a wicker basket on the right is the test lung, the device on the left is a pump) A glass container is probably necessary; most plastic or metal containers of this size may not be rigid enough, and as the walls flex, the C value would change in unpredictable ways. (If you really need to use a plastic container — try one half the size first). The test lung may be composed of several smaller containers linked together. If the containers are linked with valves, this allows easily changing compliance by opening or closing valves. In practice, connecting together two or three of the common 5 or 6 gallon carboys such as used in homebrewing or wine making is a good simulation of adult lungs in the C20-C50 range. (Typical brewing carboys) (Vessels of different sizes: 3 to 14 gallons) Optionally the vessel may be filled with copper mesh, about 1kg (2lb) for the largest size or half that for the smaller sizes. The copper mesh is intended to make the compression of air isothermal by adding a large thermal mass that rapidly equilibrates with the air. If the mesh is omitted, compression is adiabatic instead. The mesh mainly has an effect at very low respiratory rates (0–5 breaths/minute); it is generally not necessary if the test lung is used at normal respiratory rates (>5 breaths/minute). Safety Note These suggested vessels are not pressure rated and may fracture at high pressures. The pressure differences used in normal breathing almost never exceed 1 psi, or 70 cmH2O. Compared to bicycle tires or air-powered tools, this is a tiny pressure. There is never a reason to test higher pressures, which may be dangerous. Do not pressurize over 70cmH2O or 1 psi as such pressures may be both unsafe, and are not realistic for lungs. A pressure limiting valve (pop-off valve) set to 1–2 psi is . Use a basket or a cloth wrapping around the vessel to catch any fragments if it breaks, and . required wear eye protection Constructing Compliance with Plastic Sheets and Bags A 2–3 liter inflatable bag (anesthesia bag or similar) sandwiched between two thin flexible sheets of plastic. The sheets of plastic should be connected together on two opposite edges, forming flat springs. The resistance to air flowing in should come (as much as possible) from the bending of the plastic sheets, not from stretching the bag. The bag would typically inflate only to a thickness of 1–3 cm while in use (in other words it is still mostly flat). Adjust the thickness and length of the plastic to get the right C value (shorter lengths = lower C). A reasonable starting point is to use 12x12 inch, 1/8 inch thick plastic sheets made of HDPE, polypropylene or polycarbonate; but the resulting stiffness of the springs is very dependent on the exact thickness and material, so the dimensions would have to be tuned in each case. (IMT SmartLung — commercial version of a bag between flat plastic springs; adjustable length of spring changes C value. Price: $650) To calibrate, iInject of air using a syringe. Measure the pressure rise immediately after. 500ml C50 should be 10 cmH2O C20 should be 25 cmH2O C10 should be 50 cmH2O Extended calibration: inject air in 100ml increments between 0 and 1000ml; measure the pressure rise and draw a curve. An example calibration curve from the two carboy setup above: Constructing Resistance Because resistance is a function of flow, it is measured in pressure divided by flow, or cmH2O/(liter/second). This may be abbreviated with the letter R and a number without stating the units. The typical adult range is around R5 (+-2). Resistance may increase significantly with any conditions that produce impaired airflow, such as asthma. There are two kinds of resistances, linear (pressure proportional to flow rate) and “parabolic” (pressure proportional to square of flow rate). Linear resistances are harder to construct, so the equivalent parabolic resistances are described below. Values used in the ISO standards (for adults) are: R5 — normal R20 R50 — very high In order to construct a flow resistance that models these values, add a thin plate with a small hole to a standard breathing airway. The international standard for airway diameters is 22mm. (A commercial adapter offering three resistances by having thin plates with 3 different hole sizes.) : tube with inner diameter of approx 22mm and at least 40mm long, blocked by a thin plate with a hole that restricts flow. The hole should have the following diameters: Construction R5 = 7.7 mm R20 = 5.6 mm R50 = 3.9 mm In order to calibrate, connect the resistance to a source of pressurized air, with the other side open to the atmosphere. Adjust flow until it is a steady . Hand-held flow meters are relatively expensive but used in many industries, so you may be able to borrow one. If not, you may have to use a large plastic bag of a known capacity and time how long it takes to fill. Measure the pressure at the inlet to the tube (on the side of the plate the air is coming from). 1 liter per second Compared to the atmospheric pressure in the room, the pressures should be: R5 should be 5 cmH2O nominal (2.7 cmH2O for parabolic) R20 should be 20 cmH2O (17.6 cmH2O for parabolic) R50 should be 50 cmH2O (6.8 cmH2O for parabolic, measured at 0.25 liters per second) (note: the specs for parabolic resistance above come from an older standard, ASTM F920–93, table A2.2) In order to perform extended calibration adjust flow to 0.25, 0.5 and 1 liters per second, measure the pressure at each flow and draw a curve. The actual value is likely to be different due to small changes in geometry, etc. Adjust the hole size if needed, or simply use several different sizes with known measured R-values for testing. Other approaches When it comes to simulating lungs, the perhaps obvious DIY approach is to use some kind of expandable or inflatable bag, balloon or similar. This is then loaded in some way e.g. with elastic bands, weights, or by being put under water to make it harder to push air in. The problem with these approaches is that the pressure vs volume curves they have is completely different from the one that the standard test lungs (and real lungs) have. Most elastic bags are not nearly stiff enough; for example anaesthesia bags are much stiffer than balloons, but are still not stiff enough until over-inflated to 2x-5x their rated volume; and additionally, the stiffness changes a great deal once they stretch. Weights, water and similar static loads add a minimum pressure which is required to push any air in; they offset the pressure vs volume curve, rather than changing the slope. Springs, elastic bands and so forth do change the slope, but not in a consistent way — for most of these the slope gets much steeper as the volume gets higher. Trying to measure the R and C values, especially C, is meaningless because the shape of the curve is wrong. This may lead to very misleading conclusions when testing a ventilator prototype. Conclusion It is much more important to have a test lung which behaves in a realistic way, and for which the R and C values are known and within the expected range for real lungs, than it is to have specific R and C values or to use a commercial test lung. Even if a commercial test lung is not available, it is strongly recommended to use the of construction described here — even if the specific sizes or volumes are slightly different — for all but the simplest tests of ventilator function. types Public Invention is a US 501(c)3 public charity. Your supports are attempt to foster tested, reliable, and monitored open-source pandemic ventilators. Public Invention donation References International Standards Organisation. ISO 10651–5–2006 Lung ventilators for medical use — Particular requirements for basic safety and essential performance — Part 5: Gas-powered emergency resuscitators. https://www.iso.org/standard/35975.html Hill DW, Moore V. The action of adiabatic effects on the compliance of an artificial thorax. BJA: British Journal of Anaesthesia. 1965 Jan 1;37(1):19–22. https://academic.oup.com/bja/article/37/1/19/276686 Chatburn RL. Simulation studies for device evaluation. Respiratory care. 2014 Apr 1;59(4):e61–6. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261515819_Simulation_Studies_for_Device_Evaluation Kenny JE. ICU Physiology in 1000 Words: Shorthand Equations for Respiratory System Power. Jonson B, Svantesson C. Elastic pressure–volume curves: what information do they convey?. Thorax. 1999 Jan 1;54(1):82–7.

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There is an increasing shift to remote work and with this shift away from the traditional work setting arises a problem for business owners- Maximizing remote team collaborations. In this article, you will be getting tips that will help you get the best from your remote team collaboration with SaaS software. Let’s dive in. Identify your needs First on the list and the most important. Truth is, there is no one-size-fits-all approach to using SaaS software for your team. It all begins with knowing what you want. Identify your business need and think of how using SaaS software will help you meet that need. A good way to do this is by asking questions such as, how frequently do I need to communicate with my team? what type of documents will I be sharing with my team? how much am I willing to spend?  For instance, a solo founder might choose Google Meet over Zoom because of cost. Choose the Right Software Use tools that are designed for remote collaboration and will meet the specific needs of your team. Here are some options to choose from: Communication: Slack, Microsoft Teams, Zoom Project management: Asana, Trello, Jira File sharing and storage: Google Drive, Dropbox, OneDrive Video conferencing: Zoom, Google Meet, Microsoft Teams Document collaboration: Google Docs, Microsoft Office 365 Provide Thorough Training To achieve an effective collaboration, you have to ensure that your team members are on the same knowledge level. Provide training for your team members, don't assume they know how to use the tools. Walk new members through how to use the tools and provide learning materials, and videos where necessary. Let your team members know if there are any customized features available. Be clear on how you want them to use the software to achieve your team goals Create a central hub for communication Staying connected is a serious challenge that comes with having a remote team but the right tools will make things easy. With tools like Slack, Microsoft Teams, and similar ones you can create a central hub for all communication, streamline collaboration, and track tasks. This will help curb information overload and keep everyone on the same page. To ensure order in your channel, you can choose a knowledgeable team member as the software administrator. This member will help other team members if the need arises and also ensure guidelines are followed. Encourage Virtual Team Building Your workers will thrive and be more productive if the environment is conducive. Although this is not the traditional work environment you can make your virtual space a relaxed one for your team members. Organize virtual parties, play online games, and encourage open communication. Let the virtual workspace be a place where your workers will be free to express themselves. Conclusion Remote work is the future, the best you can do for your business is to know how to get the best from remote teams. The progress at first may slow but by practicing the tips listed in this article, you will notice an improvement in your team productivity. Cheers to your success.

How to Maximize Remote Team Collaboration with SaaS Software

Establishing a strong and consistent brand image has become crucial for the success of your business. People love buying from businesses that they trust. By creating a solid and consistent brand identity, you can build credibility that creates trust amongst your audience. However, it’s important to remember that building a strong brand identity isn’t just about designing a good logo or crafting a solid tagline. It’s a lot more than that. Your brand identity is about every interaction and impression your audience has with your company. The way your audience perceives your brand has a lot to do with the success of your business. It’s your brand image that differentiates you from your competitors and builds trust amongst your audience. It also has the power to influence their decision to engage with your brand or even buy your products. Maintaining a positive brand image isn’t a one-time effort, but a continuous effort that needs strategic thinking and a deep understanding of your audience. What’s sad, however, is that many businesses don’t consider brand image an important factor, especially when they are just starting. Taking it into account from day one can be a game-changer in the long run. In this post, we’ll look at the best practices to preserve your brand image and personality. To get started, let’s understand what exactly brand identity is. Understanding Your Brand Identity As mentioned, your brand identity is more than just your logo and your tagline. It encompasses your company’s values, mission, and unique selling propositions (USP). It's the personality of your brand that sets you apart from your competitors. So, take the time to define and document your brand's core attributes, voice, and visual elements. This foundational step ensures that everyone involved in representing your brand is aligned with its identity. Now, let’s look at 5 best practices to follow when working on preserving your brand identity. 1. Maintain Consistency Across Platforms When it comes to preserving your brand image, consistency is key. You can create this uniformity by presenting a unified front across all online and offline presence. This can be your website, your social media profiles, or even your offline marketing materials. Make sure that your brand colors, fonts, and messaging remain consistent across all platforms. Look at this commercial by the popular beverage company . Now look at the one below this. Coca-Cola What similarities do you see? The brand maintains consistency with its branding strategy by using its brand color red as the primary color in both the commercial and ad banner. Doing this helps strengthen brand recognition and reinforces the reliability and professionalism of your business. 2. Create Authentic Communication The way people do business has evolved. Unlike decades ago, 2023 is the age of transparency and authenticity. People love businesses that communicate with their audience authentically and humanly. Why not leverage it to boost your conversions? You can do that by being honest about your products, services, and business practices. It’s also important to recognize that not all days may have a success story. Some days might even bring . unexpected challenges and setbacks When that happens, make sure to address them openly and transparently. By doing that, you can create authenticity, which in turn will build trust - the foundation of a positive brand image. 3. Engage with Your Audience The next important point to remember is to engage with your audience. Your audience wants to feel heard and valued. So, make them feel that you value them and take their feedback seriously. An easy way of doing that is to actively engage with them through social media, customer feedback channels, and other communication platforms. You should also respond to their comments, answer their queries, and express gratitude for their positive feedback. This will help you strengthen your brand's connection with your audience and demonstrate a commitment to customer satisfaction. 4. Focus on Quality Over Quantity in Content Creation In the digital era, content is king. You can use content to create awareness, clear doubts, influence buying decisions and even engage as well as inform your users. Most smart brands today create content for marketing their business. To achieve the desired result through content marketing, you need to focus on your content quality over quantity. Create content that aligns with your brand identity and provides real value to your audience. For example, you can create blog posts that discuss the story behind the scene or why you come up with this solution for your audience. You can also create videos answering people’s FAQs or featuring a product demo. No matter what type of content it is, each piece of content should reflect the essence of your brand. When you consistently, you start establishing your brand as an authority in your industry. This, again, is a very strong factor in establishing a positive brand reputation. deliver high-quality content 5. Monitor and Manage Online Reviews Online reviews have a significant impact on your brand image. It’s essential to actively monitor review platforms, and address both positive as well as negative feedback you receive. Positive reviews are of your brand’s excellence. That makes it essential for you to always encourage satisfied customers to leave their reviews and testimonials. social proof Negative feedback, on the other hand, can be tough to handle. You might often be tempted to respond to them harshly. But, this will only spoil your brand image. What’s more effective, instead, is to respond to negative reviews with empathy and give them options for compensation if you can. Use this feedback as a means to understand your audience’s grievances and commit to resolving them at the earliest. Doing so will demonstrate your dedication to customer satisfaction and create a positive brand image. Key Takeaways To recap, here are the 5 powerful ways to preserve your brand image and personality. Maintain Consistency Across Platforms Create Authentic Communication Engage with Your Audience Focus on Quality Over Quantity in Content Creation Monitor and Manage Online Reviews In the dynamic world of business, market trends and consumer perceptions are two things that change rapidly. Preserving a positive brand image in such a scenario will always be an ongoing effort. By following the above points, you can continue to build a resilient brand that stands the test of time. As you implement these best practices, you'll find that the effort invested in preserving your brand image pays off in customer loyalty, positive word-of-mouth, and sustained business success.

5 Best Practices for Preserving Brand Image and Personality

What would you do if someone tried to sell you an abstract storage space where you could host others and share items? That's how I imagine Drew Houston pitched Dropbox when it launched over one decade ago. The business landscape has since evolved, but marketing virtual products remains challenging for many founders. Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) is an expanding sector - worth over $150 billion - with applications in finance, education, and e-commerce. Many organizations rely on software to smoothly run a variety of processes. Expanding remote work solidifies the need for company leaders to turn to the SaaS market for different products serving different purposes. Think payroll management, workplace collaboration tools, employee management, real-time communication tools, and more. Yet, in a crowded market, you not only want your product to stand out, but you also want it to convert leads to users. Sure, it takes time to build a product. But getting that product to the people who need it takes even more time. SaaS marketing is the game-changer that ships your product from something people. What is SaaS Marketing? At its core, SaaS marketing entails a strategic approach to planning and executing initiatives to promote and sell a SaaS product effectively. The foundation of a successful SaaS marketing journey lies in the comprehensive understanding of the target audience. By gaining deep insights into their needs, pain points, preferences, and challenges, you can tailor their marketing efforts to resonate with and attract their ideal customers. A key aspect of SaaS marketing is creating captivating content that offers users value. With in the market, your content must appeal to your target users at first contact. This means understanding the necessary content format you need, your marketing goals, and your conversion process. over 30,000 software Ask: " " "Do they have clarity on how this feature works?" "Are we too sales-y with the call to action?" Does this article answer their most confusing question? Your marketing team must develop informative and engaging materials highlighting their SaaS solution's unique value and benefits. This content should address the pain points and challenges their target audience faces, demonstrating how their product offers a solution or improvement. By showcasing their SaaS product's features, functionalities, and real-world applications, you can build trust and credibility, fostering a strong connection with potential users. A Stepwise Approach To SaaS Marketing A successful SaaS marketing strategy begins with understanding your product's unique selling proposition. Here, I highlight the pivotal stages of developing a marketing strategy for your SaaS product: Define your Unique Selling Proposition (USP) Identify your product's unique features, benefits, and value proposition that set it apart from competitors. Understand your target audience and their pain points, and tailor your USP to address their specific needs and challenges. Craft a clear and compelling message that communicates your product's value and why it is the ideal solution for your audience. Set up demos on your website's landing page. Invite visitors and readers to try out your product for a brief timeline and note its benefits and hitches. Conduct Comprehensive SEO Research Perform keyword research to identify relevant search terms and phrases. Google's Search Engine simplifies keyword research through the "people also ask" section on the search engine result page (SERP). This would open you to your users' search intentions and priority needs. Optimize your website and content to align with these keywords. Strategically place the keywords in titles, headings, meta descriptions, and throughout the piece. Create high-quality, informative, and engaging content that incorporates these keywords. Audit your website's technical elements, such as site speed, mobile responsiveness, and user experience, to enhance its search engine visibility. Leverage Social Media Identify the most relevant social media platforms. Your marketing will convert higher if distributed on platforms where your target audience gathers. Develop a content strategy that aligns with the preferences and behaviors of your audience on each platform. Encourage your existing customers and satisfied users to become brand ambassadors by sharing their positive experiences with your product on social media. Business owners often need to pay more attention to the merits of word-of-mouth awareness. Get your existing users talking about your product. Build trust quicker with more prospects. Measure, Analyze, and Adapt Continuously monitor the performance of your marketing efforts using relevant metrics, such as website traffic, conversion rates, social media engagement, and keyword rankings. Analyze the data to identify trends, patterns, and areas for improvement. Make data-driven decisions and adapt your marketing strategy based on the insights gathered. Continuously test different approaches, channels, and messaging to optimize your marketing efforts and maximize results. Hire A SaaS Marketing Agency A SaaS marketing agency is like a supercharged marketing team specializing in promoting and growing SaaS companies. They use digital marketing strategies, content creation, social media expertise, and other techniques to help SaaS companies reach their target audience. They're the go-to crew for SaaS companies who want to move their demo users to engaged customers, level up their marketing game and achieve robust returns on marketing investments. Founders know the real win is having a high percentage of visitors retained as customers. This is where SaaS marketing agencies come in. They aim to set your product before your target audience and convert them to long-term users. A modest marketing agency: Understands your brand's present market perception Creates brand awareness Optimizes your website for organic traffic Executes content marketing strategies filled with brand personality Measures the performance of marketing efforts periodically to identify gaps and adjust actions. There are no one-size-fits-all agencies for any product or business. With hundreds of experienced B2B & B2C marketing agencies in the SaaS industry, let's take a look at some of the marketing agencies you can partner with to boost your inbounds and returns: Coinbound Coinbound takes paid ads from a random item in the marketing toolbox to a tool that generates 40x ROAS on Google Ads campaigns. With over five years of delivering results for A-list clients, is a go-to agency for getting your product in customers' faces. Coinbound Coinbound uses a product-led content-first approach to create valuable content for your potential users while minimizing barriers to entry. They simplify product ideas by fleshing out abstract concepts and highlighting usage benefits. They aptly map a journey that takes your users from hesitant to passionate within a short frame. Understanding the importance of seamless lead generation, they get prospects into your sales funnel and convert them to paying users. Their SaaS marketing services include: SaaS PPC and Paid Ads. SaaS Search Engine Optimization (SEO). Business-to-business SaaS Lead Generation. SaaS Content Management. SaaS PR. Voxturr Voxturr is a top-tier agency with collaborations in HRtech, Fintech, and Retailtech. Drawing on this vast experience, in delivering all-encompassing SaaS marketing solutions that ensure assured business growth at every phase of your journey. Voxturr specializes They are dedicated to providing businesses with the strategic support and valuable resources required to surpass their goals and unlock their true potential. They believe in cultivating enduring partnerships with our clients, fostering a collaborative environment where we work hand in hand to achieve remarkable success. They understudy buyer personas and market analysis and create compelling strategies covering pain points. Their services include: PPC Management. Business Intelligence & Analytics. Growth Hacking Social Media Marketing Krafted Digital Strategic partnership. Elevated marketing plans and templates. A marketing cycle that caters to all aspects of your user's journey. these and more. From building product visibility to expanding media presence through strategic PR efforts, the goal is to drive conversions and transform website visitors into loyal users. Krafted Digital promises They develop customized campaigns using updated analytics, collaborating closely with your team to identify the most impactful channels for your product. They know the in-and-out of your product and transfer this intimate experience to your potential users. Their offerings cover: Content Marketing CRM Optimization Email Marketing Search Engine Marketing Paid Socials Their eclectic services cater to B2B and B2C users, driving growth for SaaS companies. Bubblegum Search Imagine your SaaS product could gain: 120% increase in monthly organic traffic 90% increase in monthly organic leads 68% increase in brand visibility 145% increase in aggregate organic revenue. that - and more - for SaaS marketing collaborations. Bubblegum Search delivers Bubblegum Search creates expert, thought leadership content that builds trust and authority. They implement a well-rounded blend of practical strategies that push your content - and product - to the forefront of the pack. Bubblegum Search provides a seamless combination of result-oriented search engine optimization strategies specifically tailored for your business. Their marketing services spread across: Periodic technical SEO audits. SaaS SEO strategies. SaaS metadata optimization. SaaS keyword research. Link-building and PR for maximized brand visibility. They're for product owners looking to skyrocket their organic ranking and implement high-converting content strategies. Conclusion The SaaS sector will remain competitive in the coming years. Given the fast-paced tech evolutions, founders will introduce more products into a saturated market. As SaaS products compete for similar cycles of users, deferring your marketing to expert agencies may be a viable option to stand out before your users. By getting your product marketing right, you position your product - and company - as an expert in your industry. Collaborating with a professional marketing agency will help you pinpoint the right marketing approach for your product, saving time and money.

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Star Wars is one of the most successful franchises in the world, and the popularity of the series continues to grow even today. One of the most iconic elements of the series is the lightsaber, a weapon that has become synonymous with the Star Wars universe. The lightsaber has had a significant cultural impact, and in this article, we will explore how Star Wars changed the world of sci-fi weapons. Lightsaber's history and significance in Star Wars The lightsaber is a fictional weapon that is made up of a hilt and a blade of plasma. It is a signature weapon of the and the Sith, the two opposing forces in the Star Wars universe. The lightsaber was first introduced in the original Star Wars movie in 1977, and it quickly became an essential element of the franchise. Jedi The lightsaber is a symbol of the Jedi's connection to the Force, and it is considered to be a weapon of great power and skill. In the Star Wars universe, the lightsaber is not just a weapon, but a symbol of the Jedi's commitment to justice and the protection of the galaxy. The lightsaber has become one of the most recognizable symbols of the Star Wars franchise and has been used in numerous spin-off materials, including books, comics, and video games. Lightsaber's Cultural Impact on Media and Popular Culture The has had a significant impact on popular culture and media. It has become a symbol of science fiction, and its design has been imitated in countless other works of fiction. The lightsaber has become a pop culture icon and has been used in numerous parodies and references in other movies, television shows, and video games. lightsaber The lightsaber has also been used in marketing and advertising campaigns, with companies such as Nike and Burger King using the weapon to promote their products. The lightsaber has become a ubiquitous cultural symbol, and its design has become instantly recognizable around the world. Neopixel Lightsabers vs. Traditional LED Lightsabers Neopixel lightsabers are quickly becoming the new standard for lightsaber enthusiasts. These sabers utilize cutting-edge Neopixel technology to produce incredibly bright and vibrant colors. They also offer a host of other features that traditional LED lightsabers simply can't compete with. Here's a look at some of the key differences between Neopixel and traditional LED lightsabers: Neopixel Lightsabers Are Brighter and More Vibrant One of the most noticeable differences between Neopixel and traditional LED lightsabers is the brightness and vibrancy of the blade. Neopixel blades are significantly brighter than their LED counterparts, and they can display a wide range of colors with incredible saturation. This makes them ideal for saber battles and other high-intensity applications. Traditional LEDs Just Can't Compete When it comes to sheer brightness and vibrancy, there's just no competition between Neopixel and traditional LED lightsabers. If you want the brightest, most vibrant lightsaber blade possible, you need a Neopixel saber. Period. Neopixels Offer Infinite Customization Options Another big advantage of Neopixel lightsabers is the fact that they offer nearly infinite customization options. With traditional LEDs, you're limited to a handful of basic colors. But with Neopixels, you can mix and match any color combination you can imagine. You can also create custom lighting effects like fading, pulsing The Replica Industry As the popularity of Star Wars has grown, so too has the demand for lightsaber replicas. Fans have long been interested in owning their own lightsabers, whether to use in cosplay or to display in their homes. Over the years, a number of companies have sprung up to fill this demand, offering replica lightsabers that are both accurate and affordable. Recently, a new type of lightsaber replica has emerged: the . These replicas use LED technology to create a more realistic and customizable blade. They allow fans to choose from a range of blade colors, as well as to customize the sound and lighting effects of their lightsaber. neopixel lightsaber replica The growth of the replica industry has had a profound impact on the Star Wars fandom. It's allowed fans to get closer to the source material, and to express their love for the franchise in new and creative ways. And with the advent of neopixel lightsaber replicas, fans have never had more options for creating their own custom lightsabers. Conclusion In conclusion, it’s clear that the lightsaber has had a major impact on popular culture. The sleek and powerful weapon has inspired countless imitations, from light-up swords to lightsabers. It has become an iconic symbol of the Star Wars franchise and a beloved part of the sci-fi culture. Even more importantly, it has become a symbol of hope and optimism, showing us that no matter how dark the situation is, the light will eventually prevail.

The Cultural Impact of Lightsabers: How Star Wars Changed the World of Sci-Fi Weapons

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Digital marketing has influenced everyone who uses a computer, laptop, or smartphone on some level. It may be an email, a Google search result, a Facebook ad, a text message, or an Instagram post from a celebrity. The practice of advertising products and services across any and all available digital media is referred to as "digital marketing." The demand for qualified employees in this area is always increasing. Are you interested in a career in digital marketing but don't know where to start? We've laid out a few possible options for you to consider. Either of these paths will provide you with a solid foundation in digital marketing fundamentals, allowing you to specialize in one of four areas: SEO, , social media marketing, or digital marketing. PPC advertising Having expertise in any of these areas will enable you to take advantage of the expanding number of job openings as employers compete to recruit suitable employees. FACT: A Digital Marketer can work in a variety of capacities. You don't need any previous marketing expertise to become a Digital Marketer; You only need a specific set of skills. There are numerous methods to break into the industry, such as a copywriter, website manager, or influencer. 1. Learn About the Principles of Digital Marketing Some major technical competencies required to include SEO and SEM, analytics, social media marketing and advertising, and email marketing. establish a career in digital marketing This is an excellent opportunity for a Digital Marketer to demonstrate soft and transferable skills such as leadership and a thorough understanding of the online ecosystem. If you try to learn email marketing, SEO, analytics, and other relevant areas separately, it could take months or even years to create a comprehensive set of expertise. If you want to learn the most crucial aspects of digital marketing in a short amount of time, programs like Orientation's Digital Marketing Boot camp are ideal. 2. Make the Most of the Digital Marketing Tools Your experience with a variety of digital marketing technologies will help you develop your skills as a Digital Marketer. Digital marketers can use Google Analytics and Google Ads, for example, to analyze and measure the performance of marketing campaigns and initiatives. Marketers can use SEO tools such as , Moz, and SEMrush to study suitable keywords, analyze backlinks to your pages, uncover comparable keywords, and evaluate competitors' SEO. Ahrefs Email marketing platforms such as SendGrid and can also be incredibly beneficial in a digital marketing job. CRM tools, such as Salesforce and HubSpot, can also be beneficial. MailChimp Social networking is a terrific place to start if you're just getting your feet wet. Digital marketers are increasingly using social media to drive visitors to their websites, create leads, and promote their company. When applying for a position in digital marketing, using social media management tools such as Hootsuite, Later, and Buffer can help you stand out from the crowd. In order to develop excellent material for your social media networks, you could also experiment with free stock image sites like Unsplash or Pexels, as well as graphic design services like Canva Pro. 3. Digital Marketing Portfolio It may be challenging to build a portfolio of work as a Digital Marketer. Instead of simply showcasing a finished product, you'll need to demonstrate your teamwork, planning, and strategic thinking by displaying your processes and outcomes just as SEMrush done 2 years ago. is currently doing and other prominent brands are following the suit. What it does is it makes the work more fruitful and there are chances that it hits high in terms of engagement. Dev House In your resume, make it clear that you were involved in the creation of any published material, such as newsletters, social media posts, or content marketing pieces. Do you want to write? Is this something you'd be interested in assisting with? Coordination of ? If you want to advance, you must demonstrate your ability to work as part of or even lead a team. It is critical to share credit. ad-buying campaigns When reporting the results of your work, use as much data as possible. "I added 1,200 quality prospects via a targeted social media campaign in Q2 of 2020," for example, or "I boosted organic web traffic by 18% year over year" are examples of facts that digital marketers use to back up their claims. Although ROI is not usually analyzed across all digital marketing methods, it is typical practice in SEM and SEO to concentrate on indications that are simple to understand. However, before disclosing any confidential information, you should obtain authorization from your clients. If you lack professional experience, you can include the outcomes of your digital marketing coursework in your portfolio. Once you've finished your materials, make a clean, well-organized internet display of them. In this area, you can go into greater detail about the actions you followed and the creative solutions you devised along the route. Your digital presence, in addition to your resume, serves as a showcase for your abilities and personality. Consider creating a social media account for a side activity you're enthusiastic about, such as sharing surfing photographs on Instagram or , to keep your social media accounts private. You can then mention this experience on your CV. writing recipes on a blog 4. Make a Resume Because your CV is frequently the first point of contact you have with a potential employer, it is critical that you nail it. In this instance, it's critical to keep things simple. Because first impressions are so important, keep your resume's appearance clean and well-organized, and reduce the information to a minimum. Use bullet points wherever necessary. Your marketing knowledge and experience, as well as hard facts, should be highlighted (bearing in mind that your portfolio is the place to dive into details). Furthermore, you should tailor your CV to each job application you submit. Before composing your cover letter and CV, consider the tone of the job description and the company's website. Demonstrate your uniqueness and innovation in a way that complements the brand's personality. Using the company's hiring criteria as a guide, tailor your CV to highlight the skills they seek. There are three categories of skills here: marketing, transferable (such as sales, design knowledge, or writing experience), and adaptable (any mix of these) (like ). This initial set of skills should be prominently displayed on your resume so that companies know what to expect from you. The ability to adapt and learn new things can be mentioned near the end of the work or weaved throughout. leadership or problem-solving 5. Networking The first step in becoming a Digital Marketer is to create a large online network. You can also create your own industry-related newsletter to showcase your unique material, promote thought leadership, and share your work while also establishing your personal presence. A strong online presence is advantageous in virtually any industry, but particularly in digital marketing, where the proof of the pudding is in the eating. There are also a variety of networking opportunities for Digital Marketers both online and in person. The Digital Marketing Conference is hosted in Toronto every year, and the website Marketing Terms hosts hundreds of for a wide range of specializations and market segments. virtual networking events 6. Develop Your Knowledge of SMM (Social Media Marketing) In addition to using Facebook's sponsored ads, you should become acquainted with how marketing works on other social media networks. You should be prepared to use additional social media networks, such as Twitter, Pinterest, or LinkedIn, in addition to Facebook, depending on the type of website you're marketing. 7. Content Marketing Campaigns Content that fits the following requirements is critical to your digital marketing efforts: This program satisfies the user's requirements. It will be interesting to read for users. It is optimized for each platform (SEO, FB, etc.) Boosts traffic, leads, and sales. Text, video, and audio content are available in a variety of formats, including blog entries, YouTube videos, landing pages, podcasts, and more. You must have a strategy for developing and assessing various sorts of content as a digital marketing specialist. When it comes to , this is exactly what it all boils down to. content marketing In a well-organized digital marketing team, providing content is not your responsibility; this is the responsibility of the team's writers. Instead, you are in charge of ensuring that appropriate material is provided for each campaign. 8. Email Marketing Email is one of the most popular ways to promote a product or service. Despite the rise of social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter, businesses continue to use email marketing to close sales, generate leads, and build relationships with customers. Email marketing is typically the last stage of a sales funnel. There are several methods for generating leads for email marketing campaigns (SEO and PPC are two of the most prominent), but only email marketing can complete the transaction. Because most teams lack an email marketing specialist, the digital marketing manager is responsible for overseeing all email marketing initiatives.

How to be Profitable as a Digital Marketer: Chase That Paper Like a Boss

“The birth of CBD” and the great transformation that we are witnessing in the cannabidiol industry are due to the 2018 Farm Bill that was signed into law. The bill removed hemp otherwise known as cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) and derivatives of cannabis which contain low concentrations of the psychoactive compound delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), from the definition of marijuana in the (CSA). Controlled Substances Act It specifies that hemp shall contain no more than . While this has given a boost to the global cannabidiol oil (CBD Oil) market that is projected to hit the market cap by the end of 2026, with a CAGR of 33.5% during 2021-2026, technological impacts on the CBD oil market, must be taken into consideration. 0.3 percent THC on a dry weight basis USD 3197.2 million Technological developments such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, Big Data, and natural language processing (NLP) are transforming the way businesses are conducted and can greatly enhance productivity, consumer satisfaction, and marketing in the CBD oil industry. Sentiment analysis Source A CBD brand needs to know how consumers feel about its product and those of the competition in the market. This you can achieve by deploying an automated process to analyze a text and interpret the sentiments behind it. With the evolution of machine learning and text analytics, you can use algorithms to classify statements as positive, negative, and neutral. can now differentiate between context, sarcasm, and misapplied words. Machine learning tools One thing most CBD brands talk about is how their products can conquer everyday stress. However, you need reviews from your customers to actually know if your product satisfies them and where to possibly improve the customer experience. CBD brands can leverage sentiment analysis to discover customers’ pain points and their feelings about products to improve customer experience. Consumers leave reviews at big eCommerce sites such as Amazon and eBay, which these brands can access. The need for sentiment analysis is because the reviews can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured. Since it’s vital for any brand that wants to remain relevant in the highly competitive CBD global market to ensure customer satisfaction, you must endeavor to understand your customers. Big Data It’s the era of Big Data. Every activity now revolves around data. The World Economic Forum predicts that of data will be generated each day globally by 2025. 463 exabytes Source A very good percentage of this data is user-generated content (UGC) of which consumers are a part. Big Data has tremendously changed the way business is run. Notwithstanding the industry you are in, the focus is now on the customer. If you are not consumer-centric, you are doing your brand great disfavor; and you have the data to ensure an enhanced customer experience. Big Data also ensures that you can embark on target marketing, reduce operational costs, and improve the efficiency of existing processes. For instance, the CBD laws still vary according to states in the U.S. It’s, therefore, important that you know your market and how to focus vigorously on your consumers. Big data technologies can help CBD companies to store large volumes of data while enabling significant cost benefits. The technologies CBD companies leverage should include cloud-based analytics and . Hadoop They can analyze information and improve their decision-making processes. Furthermore, they can apply technology to help in mitigating data breaches which have become commonplace since cybercriminals see the CBD industry as very lucrative. Proper inventory management The size of the CBD market makes it compulsory that you must have quality inventory management. There is the need to keep track of happenings in the supply chain as well as the distribution. If you have a slow-moving distribution, you’ll end up with higher product overall costs, leading to a higher selling price that you don’t need to ensure competitiveness. However, this can be greatly reduced by the pairing of AI with inventory management in the CBD industry. Brands that can implement this will realize great improvements, by integrating AI and machine learning technology, CBD brands can begin to create smart data-driven manufacturing and distribution centers. AI is seriously filling the gaps created by traditional inventory management tools to ensure there are real-time inventory management dynamics that can be used to control inventory stock levels. CBD brands can deploy AI technologies to predict, recommend, and even act with or without human intervention. The following are some ways AI can be utilized for inventory management by CBD brands: The ability to predict what demand will be like over a long period. Using data analysis for effective tracking of stock levels. Automatically ordering the right quantity of raw materials to eliminate waste. Making insightful business decisions to increase ROI. Customer service Source The first point of call for most customers is customer service. Most times, how customer service handles a potential customer determines if the customer will onboard. The rate of conversion can, therefore, be dependent on customer service. CBD brands should be cautious of the failings of customer service teams and deploy AI to mitigate this. Chatbots can be incorporated to give 24/7 service. Powering chatbots with AI has ensured that they are now more . Chatbots have started conversing with customers in their natural languages, taking orders, making bookings, and even scheduling appointments. lifelike and multi-functional CBD brands even have the opportunity of integrating AI-Powered chatbots into their operations to boost customer engagement, enhance services, and save costs. Chatbots make use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and AI to understand what a customer says as well as the nuances in a sentence and then process the information to answer your query. Conclusion Going by the fact that the CBD market started flourishing with the 2018 Farm Bill, you can say that the market is relatively young. However, the report that are using CBD products shows that “the race has started.” 14% of U.S. adults It’s, therefore, imperative for any CBD brand that has not incorporated technology into its processing to do so. From the cultivation stage to the distribution, technological development can positively impact the CBD industry. Relevancy in the industry will be hinged on technology adoption.

4 Technologies that Can Positively Impact the CBD Industry

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David Waslen was finance first, then tech and, in the latter, he was influenced by his good friend and co-founder of HedgeTrade, Peter Danihel. David has studied in the States as well as in the UK, taking a number of economic degrees. His background is venture capital and private equity with extensive experience managing growing businesses. He holds a BA from Dartmouth College and an MBA from London Business School. As a Canadian, he's travelled extensively and now lives in Singapore. When asked how he became involved in blockchain and crypto, he points to his experiences while traveling: “I was moving from country to country and discovered how hard it was to open bank accounts and then transfer my money - both into different currencies and bank accounts. Oftentimes, the transfer would fail and I’d have to do it again.  Plus, there were the fees associated with it. “When I discovered Bitcoin, it all made sense,” he says. His co-founder Peter is a self-taught programmer and experienced options trader. He has a breadth of experience with app development and building tech companies, including the sale of several internet businesses. David first discovered Bitcoin in 2015/2016 and promptly ‘went down the rabbit hole’. He was blown away by the technology and cryptocurrency. “I knew the whole world is going to change, I knew that this was going to disrupt everything. It is still a nascent industry, but it is growing fast.” David’s experience with traditional personal finance had not always been positive. When he looked at Bitcoin, he felt it was a no brainer: "Having a digital currency that is seamless, frictionless and borderless across the world makes sense. We use our mobiles for everything so why not for payments? And then I learned about smart contracts and that was equally mind blowing. I could see how smart contracts would disrupt the financial sector, the accounting sector, and the legal sector. If you can automatically execute software without human error, then this has to be an improvement.” David and Peter initially set up Rublix Development, which is headquartered in Singapore with offices in Canada and Europe. Rublix is a software development company that develops automatic high frequency trading engines. The direction of the company is both B2C and B2B. In addition to blockchain and cryptocurrency, Rublix is focused on AI and machine learning. David confesses to not objecting to having online content curated for him. “I know the big companies do it such as Facebook, Amazon and Google, but it makes sense to me. I would prefer, to be honest, to receive content based on what I am interested in, rather than randomly generated data.” Using AI and machine learning is also critical to trading. The best traders, according to David, are those that do not have emotion – which becomes possible when using AI tools. And this was how the HedgeTrade project was conceived. “We were working through the whole AI and trading idea when Peter came to me. He showed me how his trades were performing – which were doing really well. He said he might build a website and post these predictions so that people could follow him if they wished.” From there, the two founders began to tease out an idea which was to later become HedgeTrade. What if, they said, traders could post their predictions – blueprints they called them in the end – and people could follow them? Sure, the blueprints would be recorded on the blockchain so there'd be no room for cheating or deletion, but how could they make it truly interesting and potentially profitable? “So we came up with this model where a trader posts their blueprints. They invest a stake – so they need to take it seriously. Other, less experienced traders can then choose to follow these traders and, for a small fee, see their predictions. “If the trader is right, then they keep the fees. If they are wrong, the fees are returned to the purchasers. If a user likes the trader, buys the blueprint, and follows their advice and wins, then everyone is happy. And, since it is all on the blockchain, people cannot game the system.” HedgeTrade is built using blockchain technology, so the blueprints made are immutable. However, despite choosing to develop on Ethereum, David is very clear that his project is blockchain agnostic. “I imagine that better, faster, cheaper platforms will emerge, so the actual name of the blockchain is immaterial. For us, the certainty that trading predictions on our platform are true is crucial. The same goes for historic  blueprints – they can’t be tampered with.” HedgeTrade is already proving popular in its beta version. There are over 500 traders on the platform with hundreds of prediction blueprints. The team has plans to introduce new features to make it more optimal for traders, including a Leaderboard, a follow feature, and chat rooms. “2020 is going to be the year of crypto trading,” predicts David.

How to get into Crypto Trading: An Interview with David Waslen

One of the biggest and current trends in the PCB industry is , lighter and higher performing PCBs. In other words the miniaturization of PCBs. Image: Unsplash the growing demand and need for smaller There has been a great wave in the evolution and development of technologies which has impacted the design of PCBs. Also, the electronics industry is driven by consumer trends, tech innovations, and better production processes that are in popularity. For example, we have smartphones that require a smaller size of a PCB board, unlike the traditional PCB boards. There's also the like wearables that have irregular and different shapes which can only be achieved through . advent of IoT devices PCB miniaturization The following are some tech trends that have contributed to and are accelerating PCB miniaturization. 1. Higher Density Interconnect This is the major and most impactful technological development towards PCB miniaturization. It is one of the fastest-growing technologies. HDI boards have higher density circuitry in comparison to traditional boards. HDI boards give designers the freedom to place smaller components close to each other without affecting the electrical flow of things. This will in effect make space for other components and minimize the overall size of the PCB. Furthermore, the motivation behind HDI development was the growing need and demand for smaller and lighter products with even higher performance and capability. They also efficiently utilize the current trending technologies to enable PCBs to perform at its peak using little space. A prominent feature in the HDI board is its filled stack of micro vias which results in miniaturization. Through the use of HDI boards, PCBs get to be smaller whilst skyrocketing its functionality and quality. 2. IoT Devices The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has largely impacted the design and size of PCBs.  They are the technology behind wearables, smart homes, offices, remote monitoring, and control. Also, the major component of almost every IoT device is PCBs. With whose shapes are unconventional and barely noticeable, they will highly require very tiny PCBs. One of the major challenges it poses to PCB design is its layout, space, and weight while maintaining high functionality. wearables in vogue It requires a very minimalistic design, as a great deal of functionality will be embedded into something that would be used in the parts of the human body, like the wrist or the ear lobe or even . ingested in the body With HDI PCB technology in view, it will enable the IoT circuit boards to be accurately small, whilst increasing the effective performance of IoT devices. Most IoT packaging trends tend to keep things as minimal as possible. Considering the fact that IoT devices like wearables are taken around at all times, it should be almost invisible, therefore its components especially the PCB has to be minute. Furthermore, designers and OEMs consider miniaturization one of the major focus while creating wearable technologies. It is now obvious that miniature components are of great essence when creating IoT devices. 3. Augmented Reality The existence of augmented reality (AR) has evolved from the gaming world to the world of unlimited possibilities. It has been applied in several business models and provided and it is now making its way into the manufacturing world. solutions to real-life problems AR has a great potential in revolutionizing and it is already gaining traction in consumer electronics at a rapid scale. PCB manufacturing and designs One of the results of applying this technology in PCB design is providing PCBs the ability to be in any shape, especially small "ish" shapes. Producing augmented PCBs will definitely reduce the number of materials used in production compared to the usual process in PCB assembly. It will give PCBs the possibility to attain unconventional designs. Also, the miniaturization effect doesn't just stop at its designs but extends to the production process. AR miniaturize the view of PCBs in reality, making it easier to fully examine its components, the details and clearly oversee the whole design. It also aids in exploring several possibilities of giving a PCB design an otherwise deemed impossible shape through vivid visualization, while prioritizing what's most important for its effective functionality. AR would also miniaturize the timing in a . PCB engineering test 4. 3D printing We now live in the era of 3D's where and PCBs are not left out of the picture. Although this is just in its infantry stage, 3D printing will bring about increased miniaturization of PCBs alongside interesting shapes. almost anything can be 3D printed The use of 3D printing while making PCBs will enable the customization of PCB design to take any desired shape. So if the need for small PCBs arises, 3D printing will make that highly possible. The in the electronics world is one to be marveled at. For example, circuits could be easily printed within objects without obstructing its functionality. possibilities that 3D printing stands to give One of the pivotal goals of applying 3D printing in the production of PCBs is to reduce its size and weight. It will differ from the traditional methods of making PCBs, which takes up a lot of board space than necessary. This is because one of the techniques that can be employed while 3D printing is placing the components on the interior layers, which will then save space for bulkier components. However, none of these is yet to be proved practically. The level at which 3D is at is limited to prototypes. With further advancements, it is sure to deliver more. Some of the aforementioned trends are in their infancy stage and hope to be fully advanced for application in the future, while others are already making groundbreaking changes. As technology evolves so does the PCB industry. It will continue to grow and evolve to meet its consumer needs and also expand its market share. Miniaturization of PCBs is here to stay and can only continue to advance in the near future.

4 Tech Trends  That Are Accelerating The Miniaturization of PCBs

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