The man, who was driving a Citroen, was taken to hospital following the crash but he later died. Police are appealing to anyone with information to come forward

Tragedy as man dies after horror two-car crash at rush hour in Aberdeenshire - Aberdeen Live

A new poll has shown 93% of people in Aberdeen back Uber&#x27;s plans to launch in the Granite City - with hopes of cars on the road by autumn.

Uber: 'Clear desire' for ride hailing app in Aberdeen as 93% voice support

Rising Aberdeen boxing star Gregor McPherson travelled to Spain to spar with a European champion ahead of his latest fight.

Aberdeen boxer Gregor McPherson sparred with European champion in preparation for Granite City fight

A 40-year-old man died at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary after being involved in a crash on Thursday morning.

Man dies at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary following rush hour crash on A947 near Newmachar | STV News

Richard and Laura Conachan have put their heart and soul into renovating their dream family home in Aberdeen&#x27;s Clifton Road.

Richard and Laura share the secrets behind their Aberdeen property renovation

Frankie Boyle is one of several comedians appearing in Aberdeen in the next week, while Inverness is hosting Joe Rooney.

5 comedians to see in the next week - including Frankie Boyle at Aberdeen's Tivoli

There is travel disruption in Aberdeen after an HGV has become &#x27;stuck&#x27; under a low bridge on Riverside Drive.

Driver charged after lorry 'stuck' under Aberdeen low bridge

An Aberdeen man is to stand trial charged with killing a father-of-seven in a lane in Aberdeen city centre.

Aberdeen man to face trial for killing dad-of-seven in city lane last year - Aberdeen Live

Steven Johnson, 50, died after an incident in Aberdeen&#x27;s Carmelite Lane last year.

Man to stand trial over death of man in Aberdeen - BBC News

Derek Paterson is accused of killing Steven Johnson after allegedly pinning him against a wall and repeatedly punching him.

Man to stand trial accused of killing father-of-seven Steven Johnson on Carmelite Lane in Aberdeen | STV News

AbuErdan

abuerdan

The wait is over! - it’s time to celebrate the champion startups of the world. Shout out to all of the participants in our ! You did a wonderful job showcasing your incredible startups and powering through another year. 2023 Startups of the Year is a community-driven voting platform brought to you by HackerNoon that recognizes and celebrates tech startups changing technology and the world for the better. The award started on May 8th, 2023, where the internet nominated and voted for 30k startups around the world. The voting period remained open until December 31, 2023, and now we are here with the winner announcement after a comprehensive evaluation by the HackerNoon team. Startups of the Year 2023 To see the top 3 startups in each respective city, visit and pick a city. hackernoon.com/startups You’ll get a little surprise 😉 Here are the Startups of the Year Regional Announcements: North America Europe Asia Africa South America Oceania Misc/Remote From all of us at HackerNoon, thank YOU for your excellent campaign perseverance 🥺 This year has been awesome! Startups of the Year 2023 is concluded with 623k+ total votes, up from 215k+ votes in the inaugural startup competition. We look forward to seeing you again in the next campaign (stay tuned 😉)! Without further ado, let us kick off the announcement by celebrating the cities with top votes per region for 2023 🎉 North America (11,697 votes): Winner: Bloomfilter Cleveland, Ohio (8,835 votes) - Winner: SerpApi Austin, Texas , California (5,564 votes) - Winner: Finch San Francisco (4,258 votes) - Winner: RELAYTO SoMa, California - (3339 votes) Winner: Windscribe Toronto, Canada, North America (3304 votes) - Winner: Vouched Seattle (2716 votes) - Winner: Seccuri Palo Alto, CA, North America (2671 votes) - Winner: Salsa Valley Miami, FL, North America (2,613 votes) - Winner: Majhi Group Manhattan, New York (2423 votes) - Winner: Flieber, Inc. New York City, NY, North America See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, North America, here Europe (45,612 votes) - Winner: Algomo London, UK (2,344votes) - Winner: Data Lake Warsaw, Poland (1,955 votes) - Winner: Hoken Tech Bari, Italy (1716 votes) - Winner: Not8 Amsterdam, Netherlands (1657 votes) - Winner: KYVE Frankfurt Am Main, Germany (1566 votes) - Winner: BazaIT Kyiv, Ukraine (1496 votes) - Winner:  Unity Network Tallinn, Estonia (1,478 votes) - Winner: Volcaino Ghent, Belgium (1,288 votes) - Winner: Owl Me Dublin, Ireland (1198 votes) - Winner: Groover Paris, France See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, Europe, here Oceania (3,350 votes) - Winner: Sharepass Melbourne (2,107 votes) - Winner: The Catfisher Project Perth, Australia (220 votes) - Winner: Gemini AI Solutions Auckland, New Zealand, Oceania (213 votes) - Winner: Nexustorage Wellington, New Zealand, Oceania (138 votes) - Winner: Coviu Sydney (124 votes) - Winner: Bopple Brisbane, Australia, Oceania (124 votes) - Winner: Regional CFO New South Wales, Australia, Oceania (106 votes) - Winner: Edit on the Spot Gold Coast, Australia, Oceania (93 votes) - Winner: Knowledge Satnav Canbera, Australia, Oceania , Australia, Oceania (48 votes) - Winner: Peptalk360 North Melbourne, Melbourne See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, Oceania, here Asia (16,345 votes) - Winner: Serenity Shield Singapore (13,588 votes) - Winners: QUIXY Telangana, India (10,168 votes) - Winner: HealthySure Mumbai, India (3,865 votes) - Winner: InterviewBuddy Visakhapatnam, India (3,733 votes) - Winner: Omniflo Bengaluru, India (4589 votes) - Winner: MeNow Tel Aviv (3877 votes) - Winner: ForestVPN Dubai (2478 votes) - Winner: TechGraph Powai, Mumbai, India (1004 votes) - Winner: Reelo Ahmedabad, GJ, India (875 votes) - Winner: Debt Hunter Hong Kong, China See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, Asia, here Africa (8,179 votes) - Winner: GO PLATFORM Algiers, Algeria (767 votes) - Winner: Tudu Accra, Ghana (415 votes) - Winner: Treford Lagos, Nigeria (265 votes) - Winner: Phalconwise Ogbomosho, Nigeria (157 votes) - Winner: AbuErdan Cairo (151 votes) - Winner: Eazipay Lekki (144 votes) - Winner: KaziConnect Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (101 votes) - Winner: faceATT Gauteng, South Africa (79 votes) - Winner: Dimagi Cape Town (71 votes) - Winner: Sabi Addis Ababa See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, Africa, here South America (376 votes ) - Winner: UpGirl Santiago, Chile (217 votes) - Winner: Klever Sao Paulo, Brazil (191 votes) - Winner: Tributo Simple Buenos Aires, Argentina (127 votes) - Winner: Light-it Montevideo, Uruguay (87 votes) -Winner: Thousand Antioquia, Colombia (108 votes) - Winner: GetLavado Lima (101 votes) - Winner: Cogniflow Medellin (73 votes) - Winner: TPAGA Bogota (73 votes) - Winner: Reliv Quito (47 votes) - WInner: Quantex Cordoba See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, South America, here Misc/Remote: Featured Startups (1500 votes) - Winner: CIC Chain Remote, Earth (1193 votes) - Winner: Reship Colony US Misc (146 Votes) - Winner: Partful UK, Misc (116 votes) - Winner: GoMining British Virgin Islands Misc (283 Votes) - Winner: tomorrowSpace Germany Misc (225 votes) - Winner: Dtravel Cayman Islands See the complete announcement for Misc/Remote startups . here Once again, HUGE CONGRATULATIONS and BIG PROPS to all of the top Startups of each region this year! The whole team at HackerNoon would like to thank you for your perseverance in the campaign, and we look forward to seeing you in the next campaign. About HackerNoon’s Startups Of The Year Startups of The Year is HackerNoon’s Flagship community-driven event celebrating startups that survived and thrived in 2023. 30,000 startups across 4200+ cities and six continents participated this year to be crowned the best startup in their city. Visit our page to learn more. FAQ Companies that blog more get 67% more leads - Jumpstart your company’s blogging journey by purchasing our . Business Blogging Package The 2023 Startups Of The Year is sponsored by: . . The winners get a free .Tech Domain, a HackerNoon NFT, and a Tech Company News Page. TECH Domains

Stand Up for the Champion Startups of the Year! 

বছরের চ্যাম্পিয়ন স্টার্টআপের জন্য দাঁড়ান!

Setzen Sie sich für die Champion-Startups des Jahres ein!

¡Defiende a las startups campeonas del año!

Défendez les startups championnes de l’année !

वर्ष के चैंपियन स्टार्टअप के लिए खड़े रहें!

今年のチャンピオンスタートアップのために立ち上がろう!

올해의 챔피언 스타트업을 위해 일어서세요!

Defenda as startups campeãs do ano!

Встаньте на защиту стартапов-чемпионов года!

Yılın Şampiyon Startup'ları için Ayağa Kalkın!

Hãy ủng hộ các công ty khởi nghiệp vô địch của năm!

为年度冠军初创企业挺身而出！

After processing around 30,000 startups and more than 600,000 votes, the curtain has closed on . Thank you all for changing the world one product/service at a time. Startups Of The Year 2023 We’re excited to announce the Startups of the Year across Africa! Africa is a continent of vast diversity, home to 54 countries with rich cultures, landscapes, and a rapidly evolving economy. In recent years, Africa has emerged as a dynamic player in the global startup ecosystem, showcasing a vibrant and entrepreneurial spirit. The continent is experiencing a surge in tech-driven initiatives, fueled by a young and growing population, increased access to technology, and a rising middle class. Key Stats Total Number of Participating Startups: 831 Total Number of Cities Represented: 129 Total Number of Votes cast: 13696 Winning Startups: 71 To see who is a winner in each respective city, visit and pick a city. The name at the top of the list is the winner. Note: startups.hackernoon.com Now, drumroll, please!!! Here are the Startups of the Year in Africa Enugu, Nigeria The Startup of the Year in Enugu is Superday with 57 votes! 🎉 Superday provides accountability tools for online learning. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia This year’s top Startup in Addis Ababa is Sabi with 28 votes! 🎉 Sabi provides affordable and vetted tech talent sourced from Africa to startups and businesses. Algiers, Algeria Go Platform emerged as Startup of the Year in Algiers with 8179 votes!🎉 GO PLATFORM is a Recruitment Process Outsourcing SaaS solution, it’s a two-sided marketplace for digital talent. Ondo, Nigeria Beepo is Startup of the Year in Ondo with 76 votes!🎉 Beepo offers intuitive solutions to Africa’s growing blockchain industry. Ariana, Ariana Governorate, Tunisia The Startup of the Year in Ariana is Work Point with 4 votes!🎉 Workpoint offers solutions in the HRTech Industry Cairo, Egypt AbuEran is the Startup of the Year in Cairo after getting 34 votes!🎉 AbuEran is a poultry management solution that empowers poultry companies with AI to maximize production and reduce waste. Uyo, Akwa Ibom, Nigeria LINK IO is the top Startup in Uyo with 4 votes!🎉 LINK allows users around the world to receive cash fast and cheaply from Africa. Accra, Ghana Tudu claims the Startup crown in Accra with 767 votes!🎉 Tudu helps online sellers and buyers transact with confidence. Lagos, Nigeria Treford is the king of the hill in Lagos with 415 votes!🎉 Treford is an EdTech startup focused on helping professionals and businesses in Africa gain no-code tech skills. Buea, Southwest, Cameroon The Startup of the Year badge for Buea, Southwest, Cameroon goes to Klarah with 4 votes!🎉 Klarah is in the Healthcare IT Industry. Kingston, St Andrew Parish, Jamaica HummingBird is the top Startup in Kingston, St Andrew Parish, Jamaica after garnering 4 votes!🎉 HummingBird is in the HRTech Industry Dar es Salaam, Tanzania KaziConnect is the top Startup in Dar es Salaam after garnering 5 votes!🎉 KaziConnect is in the HRTech Industry. Cape Town, South Africa Dimagi is Cape Town’s Startup of the Year with 31 votes!🎉 Dimagi is a social enterprise that powers impactful frontline work through scalable digital solutions and services. Lekki, Nigeria Lekki’s Startup of the Year is Eazipay with 4 votes!🎉 Eazipay provides solutions in the HRTech Industry. Kano, Nigeria In Kano, Insigning is the Startup of the Year with 4 votes!🎉 Insigning offers services in the MarketingTech Industry. Giza, Egypt The Startup of the Year in Giza is CirclePay with 13 votes!🎉 CirclePay provides services in the Payments Industry Minna, Niger, Nigeria Timart Business App is the Startup of the Year in Minna with 2 votes!🎉 Timart Business App serves the Enterprise Resource Planning Industry. Victoria, Seychelles The Startup of the Year in Victoria is StorX with 4 votes!🎉 StorX does exciting work in the Enterprise Storage Industry. Agadir, Souss Massa, Morocco Atela is the top Startup in Agadir, Souss Massa with 4 votes!🎉 Atela services the Investment Tech Industry. Casablanca, Morocco Invoiless is the top Startup in Casablanca, Morroco with 15 votes!🎉 Invoiless is in the Finance-Accounting Tech Industry Free State, South Africa Africarare ended the year as the top Startup in Free State with 4 votes!🎉 Africarare is in the Virtual Reality Industry. Dakar, Senegal The Startup of the Year in Dakar is Paps with 4 votes!🎉 Paps provides services in the Logistics Tech Industry. Ogbomosho, Oyo, Nigeria Phalconwise is the Startup of the Year in Ogbomosho with 265 votes!🎉 Phalconwise offers Banking Tech services. Johannesburg, South Africa The Startup of the Year in Johannesburg is MobileGPT with 127 votes! 🎉 MobileGPT is an innovative AI-driven service designed to enhance your WhatsApp experience by seamlessly integrating the cutting-edge GPT technology from OpenAI. Abuja, Nigeria Our Haven emerged as Startup of the Year in Abuja with 119 votes! 🎉 Our Haven is a tech-enabled platform that allows customers to pass on their tedious everyday chores and household needs to us while they focus on more important things. Nairobi, Kenya The top Startup in Nairobi is ProStudy, amassing 90 votes! 🎉 Prostudy provides services in the K-12 EdTech Industry. Ikeja, Nigeria Legalforms.ng is the Startup of the Year in Ikeja with 17 votes! 🎉 Legalforms.ng is in the Legal Tech Industry. Harare, Zimbabwe YoApp ended the year as the top Startup in Harare with 13 votes! 🎉 YoApp is in the Customer Success Management Industry. Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa The Startup of the Year in Durban is Nova DT with 11 votes! 🎉 Nova DT shines in the Logistics Tech Industry. Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria Ikorodu’s Startup of the Year is Infonaira with 11 votes! 🎉 Infonaira provides services in the HRTech Industry. Oran, Oran Province, Algeria In Oran, Scan Docs is the Startup of the Year with 11 votes! 🎉 Scan Docs is in the Digital Transaction Management Industry. Asaba, Delta, Nigeria The Startup of the Year in Asaba is Contactless Biz Card with 4 votes!🎉 Contactless Biz Card is in the Sales Force Automation Industry. Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria Envoicify emerged as the Startup of the Year in the FCT with 4 votes! 🎉 Envoicify is in the SCM Software Industry. Marrakesh, Marrakesh-Safi, Morocco The Startup of the Year in Marrakesh is Tidar with 4 votes! 🎉 Tidar is in the Events Tech Industry. Mogadishu, Banaadir, Somalia Mogadishu’s Startup of the Year is Hassildesk with 4 votes!🎉 Hassildesk is in the Online Travel Industry. Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa Scout is Startup of the Year in Stellenbosch with 4 votes! 🎉 Scout is in the MarketingTech Industry. Tema, Greater Accra Region, Ghana Tema crowns Nulave Startup of the Year with 4 votes! 🎉 Nulave is in the Local Services Industry. Western Cape, South Africa The Startup of the Year in Western Cape is Mobitrax with 4 votes!🎉 Mobitrax is in the IoT Applications Industry. Port Harcourt, Nigeria Secentry is the Startup of the Year in Port Harcourt with 3 votes! 🎉 Secentry is in the Facility Management Tech Industry. Tangier, Tanger Tetouan Al Hoceima, Morocco ALLO GPS is the Startup of the Year in Tangier with 3 votes! 🎉 ALLO GPS offers services in the Logistics Tech Industry. Greater Accra Region, Ghana MakeWeHelp takes home the Gold in the Greater Accra Region with 2 votes!🎉 MakeWeHelp provides services in the Nonprofit Tech Industry. Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria In Ibadan, HealthStack Solution is top of the pile with 2 votes!🎉 HealthStack Solution is in the Healthcare IT Industry Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria EDX is the top Startup in Illorin with 2 votes! 🎉 EDX pioneers in the Healthcare IT Industry. Kaduna, Nigeria Global Care takes the cake in Kaduna with 2 votes!🎉 Global Care is in the Healthcare IT Industry Lome, Maritime Region, Togo Of all the startups in Lome, Rafset Funding came out top with 2 votes!🎉 Rafset Funding is in the Nonprofit Tech Industry. Nairobi County, Kenya Book Kinda beat other startups in Nairobi County for the crown with 2 votes!🎉 Book Kinda is in the SME Business Management Software Industry. Osogbo, Osun, Nigeria FinPadi scoops the victory with Osogbo with 2 votes!🎉 FinPadi services the Payments Industry. Tunis, Tunisia The Startup of the Year in Tunis is Bravvo with 2 votes!🎉 Bravvo is in the Enterprise Collaboration Industry. Freetown, Western Area, Sierra Leone Smart Systems stands at the top of the podium in Freetown with 6 votes!🎉 Smart Systems offers services in the Payments Industry. Gauteng, South Africa Gauteng dubs faceATT Startup of the Year with 39 votes!🎉 faceATT provides services in the Computer Vision Industry. Lusaka, Lusaka Province, Zambia Zipangile is the Startup of the Year in Lusaka with 24 votes!🎉 Zipangile works in the Application Development Tools Industry. Douala, Littoral, Cameroon Postpoint is the Startup of the Year in Douala with 12 votes!🎉 Postpoint helps you find, share, and accurately indicate a location with our innovative digital address solution. Congratulations y’all. We will contact you with details on your winnings! See the global and other regional announcements . here About HackerNoon’s Startups Of The Year Startups of The Year is HackerNoon’s Flagship community-driven event celebrating startups that survived and thrived in 2023. 30,000 startups across 4200+ cities and six continents participated in 2023 to be crowned the best startup in their city. Visit our page to learn more. FAQ Companies that blog more get 67% more leads - Jumpstart your company’s blogging journey by purchasing our . Business Blogging Package The 2023 Startups Of The Year is sponsored by: . . The winners will get a free .Tech Domain, a HackerNoon NFT, and a Tech Company News Page. TECH Domains

Startups of the Year 2023: Africa Winners

Economists Agree, Politicians Don't — So Guess Who Loses

অর্থনীতিবিদরা একমত, রাজনীতিবিদরা না - তাই আপনি হারান

Ökonomen sind sich einig, Politiker nicht – also verlieren Sie

Los economistas están de acuerdo, los políticos no, así que usted pierde

Les économistes sont d’accord, les politiciens non – donc vous perdez

अर्थशास्त्री सहमत हैं, राजनेता नहीं - इसलिए आप हारे

経済学者は同意するが、政治家は同意しない — だから負ける

경제학자들은 동의하지만 정치인들은 그렇지 않습니다. 그래서 당신은 패합니다.

Os economistas concordam, os políticos não - então você perde

Экономисты согласны, политики — нет, поэтому вы проигрываете

Ekonomistler Kabul Ediyor, Politikacılar Katılmıyor - Yani Kaybediyorsunuz

Các nhà kinh tế đồng ý, các chính trị gia thì không - Vậy là bạn thua

经济学家同意，政客不同意——所以你输了

Authors:
(1) Antonio Riotto, Département de Physique Theorique, Universite de Geneve, 24 quai Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneve 4, Switzerland and Gravitational Wave Science Center (GWSC), Universite de Geneve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
(2) Joe Silk, Institut d’Astrophysique, UMR 7095 CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA, and Beecroft Institute of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK. Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 Some open questions 2.1 What is the abundance of PBHs? 2.2 What is the effect of PBH clustering? 2.3 What fraction of the currently observed GW events can be ascribed to PBHs? 2.4 Are PBHs the Dark Matter? 3 The PBH Roadmap 3.1 High redshift mergers 3.2 Sub-solar PBHs 3.3 Plugging the pair instability gap with PBH? 3.4 PBH eccentricity, 3.5 PBH spin and 3.6 Future gamma-ray telescopes 4 Conclusions and References 2.1 What is the abundance of PBHs? The formation of a PBH in the early universe is a rare event and knowing the precise formation probability represents, even nowadays, a challenge. This issue is of fundamental importance as the formation probability is one of the key ingredients to calculate the current PBH abundance and mass function which not only enter in many observables, such as the merger rate of BH binaries, but which are also routinely used to express current constraints from various observations. To illustrate the difficulty in assessing the precise abundance of PBHs, let us consider the most standard scenario in the literature where the PBHs are formed by the collapse of large inhomogeneities generated during the inflationary stage. The latter delivers a stochastic quantity, the curvature perturbation ζ on super horizon scales, whose properties are known statistically. As we mentioned, PBHs are rare events which require a given observable, e.g. the density contrast δ or the compaction function C, to be above a typically large critical value. This implies that the calculation of the PBH abundance requires going beyond linear perturbation theory and the knowledge of the tail of the probability where the latter is typically far from being a simple Gaussian distribution. Nonlinearities enter into the game even when the initial curvature perturbation is Gaussian (which is typically not) because of the nonlinear relation between the over density/compaction function an the curvature perturbation itself. The logic chain is (in radiation) but no calculation exists in the literature so far and no understanding of why the volume average of the compaction function has a critical threshold which does not depend on the profile. Even without the need of mentioning other possible problems, e.g. dealing with the nonlinearities entering in the radiation transfer function when perturbations re-enter the horizon [3] or the need to deal with the phenomenon of operator mixing [4], we believe the calculation of the PBH abundance in the standard scenario is still an open issue which deserves further study. The same is true in alternative mechanisms to generate the PBHs, e.g. in supercooled first-order phase transitions [5] where the threshold criterion does not suffice. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Antonio Riotto, Département de Physique Theorique, Universite de Geneve, 24 quai Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneve 4, Switzerland and Gravitational Wave Science Center (GWSC), Universite de Geneve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (2) Joe Silk, Institut d’Astrophysique, UMR 7095 CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA, and Beecroft Institute of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK. Authors: Authors: (1) Antonio Riotto, Département de Physique Theorique, Universite de Geneve, 24 quai Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneve 4, Switzerland and Gravitational Wave Science Center (GWSC), Universite de Geneve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (2) Joe Silk, Institut d’Astrophysique, UMR 7095 CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA, and Beecroft Institute of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK. Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 Some open questions 2 Some open questions 2.1 What is the abundance of PBHs? 2.1 What is the abundance of PBHs? 2.2 What is the effect of PBH clustering? 2.2 What is the effect of PBH clustering? 2.3 What fraction of the currently observed GW events can be ascribed to PBHs? 2.3 What fraction of the currently observed GW events can be ascribed to PBHs? 2.4 Are PBHs the Dark Matter? 2.4 Are PBHs the Dark Matter? 3 The PBH Roadmap 3 The PBH Roadmap 3.1 High redshift mergers 3.1 High redshift mergers 3.2 Sub-solar PBHs 3.2 Sub-solar PBHs 3.3 Plugging the pair instability gap with PBH? 3.3 Plugging the pair instability gap with PBH? 3.4 PBH eccentricity, 3.5 PBH spin and 3.6 Future gamma-ray telescopes 3.4 PBH eccentricity, 3.5 PBH spin and 3.6 Future gamma-ray telescopes 4 Conclusions and References 4 Conclusions and References 2.1 What is the abundance of PBHs? The formation of a PBH in the early universe is a rare event and knowing the precise formation probability represents, even nowadays, a challenge. This issue is of fundamental importance as the formation probability is one of the key ingredients to calculate the current PBH abundance and mass function which not only enter in many observables, such as the merger rate of BH binaries, but which are also routinely used to express current constraints from various observations. To illustrate the difficulty in assessing the precise abundance of PBHs, let us consider the most standard scenario in the literature where the PBHs are formed by the collapse of large inhomogeneities generated during the inflationary stage. The latter delivers a stochastic quantity, the curvature perturbation ζ on super horizon scales, whose properties are known statistically. As we mentioned, PBHs are rare events which require a given observable, e.g. the density contrast δ or the compaction function C, to be above a typically large critical value. This implies that the calculation of the PBH abundance requires going beyond linear perturbation theory and the knowledge of the tail of the probability where the latter is typically far from being a simple Gaussian distribution. Nonlinearities enter into the game even when the initial curvature perturbation is Gaussian (which is typically not) because of the nonlinear relation between the over density/compaction function an the curvature perturbation itself. The logic chain is (in radiation) but no calculation exists in the literature so far and no understanding of why the volume average of the compaction function has a critical threshold which does not depend on the profile. Even without the need of mentioning other possible problems, e.g. dealing with the nonlinearities entering in the radiation transfer function when perturbations re-enter the horizon [3] or the need to deal with the phenomenon of operator mixing [4], we believe the calculation of the PBH abundance in the standard scenario is still an open issue which deserves further study. The same is true in alternative mechanisms to generate the PBHs, e.g. in supercooled first-order phase transitions [5] where the threshold criterion does not suffice. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

The Elusive Abundance of Primordial Black Holes

This Open-Source Image Generator From Russian Scientists Uses A Novel Approach to Diffusion

A Reference List to Learn More About Image Editing, Video Editing, and Diffusion Models

New Study Reveals AI's Weak Spots in Medical Logic

The $XRP Comeback Was a Long Time Coming

عودة $XRP كانت متوقعة منذ فترة طويلة

Návrat $XRP byl na dlouhou dobu

El regreso de XRP se hizo esperar

O regreso de $XRP foi moito tempo

A $XRP visszatérése sokáig váratott magára

Il ritorno di $XRP si è fatto attendere a lungo

$XRPの復活は長い間待たれていた

$ XRP кайтып келүүсү узак убакыт болгон

Iyo $XRP Kudzoka Yakanga Yakareba Kuuya

Urejesho wa $XRP Ulikuja kwa Muda Mrefu

እቲ $XRP ምምላስ ነዊሕ ግዜ እዩ ነይሩ።

$XRP کی واپسی ایک لمبا وقت تھا۔

The Decentralized Finance (DeFi) sector envisioned lofty goals of universal enfranchisement of users and accessibility. While the goals continue to remain in focus, there are emerging cyber threats that pose serious problems to the integrity of the DeFi systems. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) assault is a serious cyber infiltration that can cause problems even for the most powerful, distributed protocols out there. In this age, DDoS attacks have long moved past being minor nuisances and have the potential to steal millions of dollars, ruin carefully managed reputations, and dent the efforts to move to a decentralized, trustless alternative. The DDoS attack is not only limited to the Defi industry alone. For instance, the largest DDoS attack on record is the 2024 Cloudflare attack. It lasted for just 80 seconds reaching about 5.6 terabits per second (Tbps). Other notable examples are the 2016 Mirai Dyn attack, the 2018 GitHub attack, and the 2020 AWS attack, etc. However, this article will shed light on the threat posed by DDoS attacks and their devastating potential on the DeFi economy. Expert industry insight into problem identification and solution-oriented approach will be provided by a top cybersecurity specialist. DeFi: A Prime Target for Cybercriminals The DeFi economy boasts a major incentive to the finance sector. It is a trustless, permissionless, and innovative space with the potential for bigger profits compared to the conventional finance scene. However, DeFi protocols handle a lot of money, mostly in crypto, so they appeal to hackers of all backgrounds. These online hackers study smart contracts in detail and use sophisticated automated systems to take advantage of vulnerabilities. A successful hacking attempt often results in users being unable to track and access their funds, rendering the platform useless. As a result, investors jump ship from the platform, encompassing it completely in financial ruin. Due to the negative effects of such attacks, companies often try to cover up the scale of the intrusion and keep numbers secret. However, the open-source nature of DeFI protocols means that they cannot keep everything under wraps and the secrecy often causes problems to compound further. Notably, the market capitalization and liquidity of hacked platforms often experience a major decline after losing potential millions in DDoS attacks. The psychological impact of a major hack on users cannot be understated as well – It undermines user confidence and could eventually cause a domino effect, resulting in the platform declaring bankruptcy. Maksym Ishchenko, Founder and CEO of Azerux, is a well-known cybersecurity professional specializing in these DDoS attacks and mitigation efforts to counter them. According to Maksym: DeFi's decentralized structure poses a special security risk. Because there isn't a single point of control as in centralized systems, security is very complicated yet undeniably crucial. A successful assault might have disastrous financial consequences, resulting in large losses and irreversible harm to one's image. Ischenko’s comments echo earlier concerns that the attacks themselves are becoming more and more complex and no longer limited to volume-based assaults which involve overloading a platform’s server with a large number of pointless requests, choking it entirely. Attackers now employ an organized approach using high-level tools that have a complete grasp of blockchain technology and its underlying infrastructure. Hence, efforts to limit DDoS attacks are becoming more and more difficult with time in the DeFi ecosystem. Advanced DDoS Attacks and the Threats to DeFi The exponential rise in attacks on the decentralized fintech platforms is largely attributed to DeFi’s explosive growth over the years. It has been a major target for hackers due to abundance of funds and relatively nascent technology that has weak links present in between. "Many projects rush to market with insufficient security testing," Maksym states. According to him, the Solana network is one of the prime examples of decentralized networks coming under DDoS attacks. Malicious automated transactions overloaded the network during the Grape Protocol's IDO on Raydium, resulting in a devastating 17-hour outage that impacted the whole Solana ecosystem. Solana has choked consistently over the few years of its existence but other experts believe that DDoS is not the only one to be blamed for the network’s frequent shortcomings. Another notable incident occurred on January 18, 2024, when the listing of Manta Network's token coincided with a DDoS assault of more than 135 million bogus RPC queries. “While the demand for Manta tokens remained high, the attack showed how susceptible even recently announced, well-known projects are to sophisticated DDoS operations. The network's bandwidth was overloaded by the sheer number of bogus RPC queries, which essentially stopped valid transactions." Ischenko notes that it is crucial to have robust DDoS mitigation techniques, especially at a time when new projects are being deployed on a blockchain. DeFi protocols need to take a hint here. How to Build Robust DDoS Protection for Your DeFi Platform A stellar DDoS defense system is necessary for a DeFi protocol in the long run. It is no longer a technical jargon that needs to be dealt with later on but a basic security mechanism that needs to be implemented from the ground up. The Azerux CEO believes that robust protection for your DeFi platform goes beyond DDoS risk mitigation. He proposes a multi-layered approach, championed by Azerux, consisting of: Network-level mitigation: Malware-focused traffic is a major cause of concern and needs to be filtered before it can reach the target servers. A well-planned filtering process, including strategic scrubbing centers, helps to prevent the system from becoming overwhelmed by the initial barrage of malware.


Application-level protection: Web application-focused security measures, such as Web Application Firewall (WAF) technology, are essential for protecting platforms in addition to securing servers. WAFs enable actual users to continue using the platform during an attack while providing administrators with real-time traffic analysis to differentiate between attackers and legitimate users.


Real-time monitoring and automated response: Advanced monitoring setups can detect irregularities associated with DDoS attacks in real-time. Automated response systems are crucial for scaling defenses to match the attack's intensity, ensuring the network remains operational under pressure. Adaptive defense mechanisms and proactive threat intelligence: Smart defenses that learn from previous DDoS attacks and continuously refine strategies can make networks more resilient over time. Engaging in proactive threat intelligence ensures that mitigation strategies evolve to counter emerging attack vectors effectively. Why DDoS Protection is Critical for DeFi The DeFI ecosystem is an emerging, dynamic field that has the potential to hit trillions of dollars worth of liquidity in the near future. It already holds tens of billions of dollars in place despite the dangers associated with it and it is expected to only grow with time. Cyber incursions like DDoS attacks are a serious issue and may cause entire platforms to collapse in a matter of days if not hours. The path to a successful DeFi future is to help create a secure, proactive environment with central attention to cybersecurity. The Decentralized Finance (DeFi) sector envisioned lofty goals of universal enfranchisement of users and accessibility. While the goals continue to remain in focus, there are emerging cyber threats that pose serious problems to the integrity of the DeFi systems. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) assault is a serious cyber infiltration that can cause problems even for the most powerful, distributed protocols out there. The Decentralized Finance (DeFi) sector envisioned lofty goals of universal enfranchisement of users and accessibility. While the goals continue to remain in focus, there are emerging cyber threats that pose serious problems to the integrity of the DeFi systems. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) assault is a serious cyber infiltration that can cause problems even for the most powerful, distributed protocols out there. In this age, DDoS attacks have long moved past being minor nuisances and have the potential to steal millions of dollars, ruin carefully managed reputations, and dent the efforts to move to a decentralized, trustless alternative. DDoS The DDoS attack is not only limited to the Defi industry alone. For instance, the largest DDoS attack on record is the 2024 Cloudflare attack . It lasted for just 80 seconds reaching about 5.6 terabits per second (Tbps). Other notable examples are the 2016 Mirai Dyn attack, the 2018 GitHub attack, and the 2020 AWS attack, etc. 2024 Cloudflare attack However, this article will shed light on the threat posed by DDoS attacks and their devastating potential on the DeFi economy. Expert industry insight into problem identification and solution-oriented approach will be provided by a top cybersecurity specialist. DeFi: A Prime Target for Cybercriminals DeFi: A Prime Target for Cybercriminals The DeFi economy boasts a major incentive to the finance sector. It is a trustless, permissionless, and innovative space with the potential for bigger profits compared to the conventional finance scene. However, DeFi protocols handle a lot of money, mostly in crypto, so they appeal to hackers of all backgrounds. These online hackers study smart contracts in detail and use sophisticated automated systems to take advantage of vulnerabilities. A successful hacking attempt often results in users being unable to track and access their funds, rendering the platform useless. As a result, investors jump ship from the platform, encompassing it completely in financial ruin. Due to the negative effects of such attacks, companies often try to cover up the scale of the intrusion and keep numbers secret. However, the open-source nature of DeFI protocols means that they cannot keep everything under wraps and the secrecy often causes problems to compound further. Notably, the market capitalization and liquidity of hacked platforms often experience a major decline after losing potential millions in DDoS attacks. The psychological impact of a major hack on users cannot be understated as well – It undermines user confidence and could eventually cause a domino effect, resulting in the platform declaring bankruptcy. Maksym Ishchenko , Founder and CEO of Azerux, is a well-known cybersecurity professional specializing in these DDoS attacks and mitigation efforts to counter them. Maksym Ishchenko According to Maksym: DeFi's decentralized structure poses a special security risk. Because there isn't a single point of control as in centralized systems, security is very complicated yet undeniably crucial. A successful assault might have disastrous financial consequences, resulting in large losses and irreversible harm to one's image. DeFi's decentralized structure poses a special security risk. Because there isn't a single point of control as in centralized systems, security is very complicated yet undeniably crucial. A successful assault might have disastrous financial consequences, resulting in large losses and irreversible harm to one's image. Ischenko’s comments echo earlier concerns that the attacks themselves are becoming more and more complex and no longer limited to volume-based assaults which involve overloading a platform’s server with a large number of pointless requests, choking it entirely. Attackers now employ an organized approach using high-level tools that have a complete grasp of blockchain technology and its underlying infrastructure. Hence, efforts to limit DDoS attacks are becoming more and more difficult with time in the DeFi ecosystem. Advanced DDoS Attacks and the Threats to DeFi Advanced DDoS Attacks and the Threats to DeFi The exponential rise in attacks on the decentralized fintech platforms is largely attributed to DeFi’s explosive growth over the years. It has been a major target for hackers due to abundance of funds and relatively nascent technology that has weak links present in between. "Many projects rush to market with insufficient security testing," Maksym states. According to him, the Solana network is one of the prime examples of decentralized networks coming under DDoS attacks. Malicious automated transactions overloaded the network during the Grape Protocol's IDO on Raydium, resulting in a devastating 17-hour outage that impacted the whole Solana ecosystem. Solana has choked consistently over the few years of its existence but other experts believe that DDoS is not the only one to be blamed for the network’s frequent shortcomings. 17-hour outage Another notable incident occurred on January 18, 2024, when the listing of Manta Network's token coincided with a DDoS assault of more than 135 million bogus RPC queries. “While the demand for Manta tokens remained high, the attack showed how susceptible even recently announced, well-known projects are to sophisticated DDoS operations. The network's bandwidth was overloaded by the sheer number of bogus RPC queries, which essentially stopped valid transactions." Ischenko notes that it is crucial to have robust DDoS mitigation techniques, especially at a time when new projects are being deployed on a blockchain. DeFi protocols need to take a hint here. How to Build Robust DDoS Protection for Your DeFi Platform How to Build Robust DDoS Protection for Your DeFi Platform A stellar DDoS defense system is necessary for a DeFi protocol in the long run. It is no longer a technical jargon that needs to be dealt with later on but a basic security mechanism that needs to be implemented from the ground up. The Azerux CEO believes that robust protection for your DeFi platform goes beyond DDoS risk mitigation. He proposes a multi-layered approach, championed by Azerux, consisting of: Azerux Network-level mitigation: Malware-focused traffic is a major cause of concern and needs to be filtered before it can reach the target servers. A well-planned filtering process, including strategic scrubbing centers, helps to prevent the system from becoming overwhelmed by the initial barrage of malware. Application-level protection: Web application-focused security measures, such as Web Application Firewall (WAF) technology, are essential for protecting platforms in addition to securing servers. WAFs enable actual users to continue using the platform during an attack while providing administrators with real-time traffic analysis to differentiate between attackers and legitimate users. Real-time monitoring and automated response: Advanced monitoring setups can detect irregularities associated with DDoS attacks in real-time. Automated response systems are crucial for scaling defenses to match the attack's intensity, ensuring the network remains operational under pressure. Network-level mitigation: Malware-focused traffic is a major cause of concern and needs to be filtered before it can reach the target servers. A well-planned filtering process, including strategic scrubbing centers, helps to prevent the system from becoming overwhelmed by the initial barrage of malware. Network-level mitigation: Malware-focused traffic is a major cause of concern and needs to be filtered before it can reach the target servers. A well-planned filtering process, including strategic scrubbing centers, helps to prevent the system from becoming overwhelmed by the initial barrage of malware. Network-level mitigation: Application-level protection: Web application-focused security measures, such as Web Application Firewall (WAF) technology, are essential for protecting platforms in addition to securing servers. WAFs enable actual users to continue using the platform during an attack while providing administrators with real-time traffic analysis to differentiate between attackers and legitimate users. Application-level protection: Web application-focused security measures, such as Web Application Firewall (WAF) technology, are essential for protecting platforms in addition to securing servers. WAFs enable actual users to continue using the platform during an attack while providing administrators with real-time traffic analysis to differentiate between attackers and legitimate users. Application-level protection: Real-time monitoring and automated response: Advanced monitoring setups can detect irregularities associated with DDoS attacks in real-time. Automated response systems are crucial for scaling defenses to match the attack's intensity, ensuring the network remains operational under pressure. Real-time monitoring and automated response: Advanced monitoring setups can detect irregularities associated with DDoS attacks in real-time. Automated response systems are crucial for scaling defenses to match the attack's intensity, ensuring the network remains operational under pressure. Real-time monitoring and automated response: Adaptive defense mechanisms and proactive threat intelligence: Smart defenses that learn from previous DDoS attacks and continuously refine strategies can make networks more resilient over time. Engaging in proactive threat intelligence ensures that mitigation strategies evolve to counter emerging attack vectors effectively. Adaptive defense mechanisms and proactive threat intelligence: Smart defenses that learn from previous DDoS attacks and continuously refine strategies can make networks more resilient over time. Engaging in proactive threat intelligence ensures that mitigation strategies evolve to counter emerging attack vectors effectively. Adaptive defense mechanisms and proactive threat intelligence: Why DDoS Protection is Critical for DeFi Why DDoS Protection is Critical for DeFi The DeFI ecosystem is an emerging, dynamic field that has the potential to hit trillions of dollars worth of liquidity in the near future. It already holds tens of billions of dollars in place despite the dangers associated with it and it is expected to only grow with time. Cyber incursions like DDoS attacks are a serious issue and may cause entire platforms to collapse in a matter of days if not hours. The path to a successful DeFi future is to help create a secure, proactive environment with central attention to cybersecurity.

The Battle Against DDoS Attacks in Decentralized Finance

“If someone teaches it to you, they can teach someone else [or robot] and replace you.” — Naval Ravikant The traditional education system is suboptimal. It teaches memorization over understanding, conformity over curiosity, and compartmentalization over synthesis. It prepares us for a world that no longer exists while punishing the very skills life demands. Here’s the good news: You don’t need to follow that broken script. The key to success lies in designing your own curriculum. A learning system tailored to your unique goals and interests. This is how you become irreplaceable. The Flaws of Traditional Education Schools reward conformity, obedience, and rote memorization. The real world doesn’t. Here’s how traditional education sets us up for failure: 1. One Correct Answer Schools teach convergent thinking: one problem, one solution. Real life demands divergent thinking: one problem, infinite solutions. Creativity thrives not in finding the "correct" answer but in exploring new possibilities. For example, convergent thinking insists 1 + 1 = 2, and there’s only one method to solve it. If you solve it another way, you’re “wrong.” This rigidity is absurd. Alex Hormozi, in his book $100M Offers, asks, “How many ways can you use a brick?” You could build a wall, create a paperweight, design art, or even invent something new. These are abundant examples of divergent thinking. There are several “right” answers, and some are more right than others. That's how the real world works. When solutions are convergent, they’re easier to teach and easier to replace. If someone can teach you, they can teach someone else—or program a computer or robot to do the same thing. Divergent thinking happens with creativity, making it irreplaceable. 2. No Shortcuts Have you ever solved a math problem your way, only to fail because it wasn’t the way your teacher wanted? Me too. Traditional schools discourage shortcuts. They insist on “doing it the hard way” under the false pretense that you’ll learn more. But you don’t need to learn everything—you only need to learn what’s useful. The truth is, no one succeeds alone. A pencil is the product of thousands of people working together. Woodcutters, miners, rubber producers, and manufacturers who’ve never met. Schools lament that younger generations use calculators, computers, and now AI tools. But isn’t that the point of progress? Every generation should make life easier for the next. I don’t want to memorize faster or calculate quicker than a computer. That’s a race I’ll never win. Instead, I want to improve my creativity, the one skill computers can’t replicate. Tools like AI aren’t competition—they’re collaborators. They free us to think bigger and focus on what matters most: creating solutions that didn’t exist before. 3. Punishes for Copying Smart People. Copying isn’t only natural—it’s essential. You learned to speak, walk, and survive by imitating others. Copying smart people is how you speed up success. Want what someone has? Repeat their habits. Avoid what others regret? Study their mistakes and do the opposite. Copying with intelligence saves you decades of trial and error. There’s no point in wasting 40 years of your life trying to do the same things others have done before you. Copy what they’ve figured out
Get the outcomes faster
Figure new stuff out and make things easier for the next generations. Simple. If you don’t seek to create your own curriculum, you will receive one. You’ll be living a life that has been lived millions of times by millions of people. 4. Questioning Authority. In school, asking “Why?” can land you in detention. In life, it’s how you innovate. Questioning assumptions saves time, money, and energy. Rushing through tasks without asking why can cause rework and wasted effort. Take time to pause, reflect, and question the process for better, faster outcomes. 5. Effort Isn’t Rewarded; Results Are. School rewards effort—turn in your homework, and you’ll get points. Life doesn’t care how hard you try. If you miss the one crucial detail, your entire effort wastes. The market rewards outcomes, not inputs. Grind doesn’t matter; results do. 6. Memorization Is Useless. “School rewards you for what you can remember. The market rewards you for what you can predict. The latter pays more.” — Alex Hormozi Memorizing is storing data. Understanding is seeing how the data connects. It’s the difference between repeating a script and improvising a masterpiece. Think about it: Memorization is fragile. Forget one step in a process, and you’re stuck. Understanding is robust—it adapts and improvises.
Memorization is limited. Your brain has finite storage. Understanding compounds, connecting concepts across disciplines.
Memorization is replaceable. Why memorize the periodic table when Google can recall it in seconds? Understanding makes you irreplaceable.
Memorization feels like progress, but it’s fragile. Remember math class? Everything clicked until the pace picked up. You were suddenly memorizing formulas instead of understanding them. That didn’t end well. School rewards what you can remember. The real world pays for what you can predict. What Schools Got Right While the flaws are glaring, let’s not throw the baby out with the bathwater. There are valuable lessons we can adapt from the school system: 1. Consistency Is Key. Showing up at the same time every day, whether you feel like it or not, builds discipline. Professionalism isn’t about motivation; it’s about consistency. Think of an untidy room: cleaning after one day is easy, but waiting weeks or months makes it exponentially harder. The same applies to creativity—more entropy equals more effort to create order. Destroy chaos with consistency and build momentum. Making your work easier and faster. 2. Structure Enables Freedom. Deadlines, schedules, and systems help you focus your energy. Structure creates the freedom to be creative within constraints. 3. Collaboration Matters. Group projects teach you how to work with others, even when it’s frustrating. The ability to collaborate is essential in the creative economy. Build Your Own Curriculum The most valuable education is the one you design for yourself. Here’s how: Define Your Goals. What do you want to achieve? Clarity is the foundation of progress.
Learn What Can’t Be Replaced. Everything can be learned but not everything can be taught. As Naval Ravikant suggests, focus on skills that are so unique and personal that no one can compete with you. You will be unbeatable when it feels like play to you but feels like work to others.
Use High-Leverage Tools. Leverage books, mentors, and tools that multiply your efforts. AI, automation, and modern tech aren’t crutches—they’re accelerators.
Act. Study less, practice more. Theory without application is waste. Reading or consuming information before doing the thing doesn't work. You'll end up consuming useless things, and yes, knowledge can waste. It's easier to fix a leaking bucket when you find out where it's leaking first. Doing the thing and failing gives you a clear picture of the knowledge gaps you have and will help you know the right questions to ask.
Iterate. Learning isn’t linear; it’s cyclical. Experiment, reflect, and adapt. Your Future Is in Your Hands When you design your own curriculum, you take full responsibility for your growth. You can’t blame the system for your failures—or your lack of progress. The creative economy rewards those who think for themselves, adapt, and create value. Be the architect of your education, and you’ll thrive in a world that celebrates the exceptional. Final Thought: To thrive, you need to think like a professional, create like an artist, and learn like a lifelong student. Merge work with play. Focus on creativity over conformity. Build your curriculum with intention—and become irreplaceable. I’m rooting for you. Subscribe to my newsletter here, or simply click the Hackernoon subscribe button to improve your creativity, productivity and becoming the best at what you do. Enjoy the rest of your day. “If someone teaches it to you, they can teach someone else [or robot] and replace you.” — Naval Ravikant The traditional education system is suboptimal. It teaches memorization over understanding, conformity over curiosity, and compartmentalization over synthesis. It prepares us for a world that no longer exists while punishing the very skills life demands. Here’s the good news: You don’t need to follow that broken script. The key to success lies in designing your own curriculum. A learning system tailored to your unique goals and interests. This is how you become irreplaceable. The Flaws of Traditional Education Schools reward conformity, obedience, and rote memorization. The real world doesn’t. Here’s how traditional education sets us up for failure: 1. One Correct Answer One Correct Answer Schools teach convergent thinking: one problem, one solution. Real life demands divergent thinking: one problem, infinite solutions. Creativity thrives not in finding the "correct" answer but in exploring new possibilities. For example, convergent thinking insists 1 + 1 = 2, and there’s only one method to solve it. If you solve it another way, you’re “wrong.” This rigidity is absurd. Alex Hormozi, in his book $100M Offers , asks, “How many ways can you use a brick?” You could build a wall, create a paperweight, design art, or even invent something new. These are abundant examples of divergent thinking. There are several “right” answers, and some are more right than others. That's how the real world works. $100M Offers When solutions are convergent, they’re easier to teach and easier to replace. If someone can teach you, they can teach someone else—or program a computer or robot to do the same thing. Divergent thinking happens with creativity, making it irreplaceable. 2. No Shortcuts No Shortcuts Have you ever solved a math problem your way, only to fail because it wasn’t the way your teacher wanted? Me too. Traditional schools discourage shortcuts. They insist on “doing it the hard way” under the false pretense that you’ll learn more. But you don’t need to learn everything —you only need to learn what’s useful. everything useful. The truth is, no one succeeds alone. A pencil is the product of thousands of people working together. Woodcutters, miners, rubber producers, and manufacturers who’ve never met. Schools lament that younger generations use calculators, computers, and now AI tools. But isn’t that the point of progress? Every generation should make life easier for the next. I don’t want to memorize faster or calculate quicker than a computer. That’s a race I’ll never win. Instead, I want to improve my creativity, the one skill computers can’t replicate. Tools like AI aren’t competition—they’re collaborators. They free us to think bigger and focus on what matters most: creating solutions that didn’t exist before. 3. Punishes for Copying Smart People. Punishes for Copying Smart People. Copying isn’t only natural—it’s essential. You learned to speak, walk, and survive by imitating others. Copying smart people is how you speed up success. Want what someone has? Repeat their habits. Avoid what others regret? Study their mistakes and do the opposite. Copying with intelligence saves you decades of trial and error. There’s no point in wasting 40 years of your life trying to do the same things others have done before you. Copy what they’ve figured out Get the outcomes faster Figure new stuff out and make things easier for the next generations. Simple. Copy what they’ve figured out Get the outcomes faster Figure new stuff out and make things easier for the next generations. Simple. If you don’t seek to create your own curriculum, you will receive one. You’ll be living a life that has been lived millions of times by millions of people. 4. Questioning Authority. Questioning Authority. In school, asking “Why?” can land you in detention. In life, it’s how you innovate. Questioning assumptions saves time, money, and energy. Rushing through tasks without asking why can cause rework and wasted effort. why Take time to pause, reflect, and question the process for better, faster outcomes. 5. Effort Isn’t Rewarded; Results Are. Effort Isn’t Rewarded; Results Are. School rewards effort—turn in your homework, and you’ll get points. Life doesn’t care how hard you try. If you miss the one crucial detail, your entire effort wastes. The market rewards outcomes, not inputs. Grind doesn’t matter; results do. 6. Memorization Is Useless. Memorization Is Useless. “School rewards you for what you can remember. The market rewards you for what you can predict. The latter pays more.” — Alex Hormozi Memorizing is storing data. Understanding is seeing how the data connects. It’s the difference between repeating a script and improvising a masterpiece. Think about it: Memorization is fragile. Forget one step in a process, and you’re stuck. Understanding is robust—it adapts and improvises. Memorization is limited. Your brain has finite storage. Understanding compounds, connecting concepts across disciplines. Memorization is replaceable. Why memorize the periodic table when Google can recall it in seconds? Understanding makes you irreplaceable. Memorization feels like progress, but it’s fragile. Remember math class? Everything clicked until the pace picked up. You were suddenly memorizing formulas instead of understanding them. That didn’t end well. School rewards what you can remember. The real world pays for what you can predict. Memorization is fragile. Forget one step in a process, and you’re stuck. Understanding is robust—it adapts and improvises. Memorization is fragile. Memorization is limited. Your brain has finite storage. Understanding compounds, connecting concepts across disciplines. Memorization is limited. Memorization is replaceable. Why memorize the periodic table when Google can recall it in seconds? Understanding makes you irreplaceable. Memorization is replaceable. Memorization feels like progress, but it’s fragile. Remember math class? Everything clicked until the pace picked up. You were suddenly memorizing formulas instead of understanding them. That didn’t end well. School rewards what you can remember. The real world pays for what you can predict. Memorization feels like progress, but it’s fragile. School rewards what you can remember. The real world pays for what you can predict. What Schools Got Right While the flaws are glaring, let’s not throw the baby out with the bathwater. There are valuable lessons we can adapt from the school system: 1. Consistency Is Key. Consistency Is Key. Showing up at the same time every day, whether you feel like it or not, builds discipline. Professionalism isn’t about motivation; it’s about consistency. Think of an untidy room: cleaning after one day is easy, but waiting weeks or months makes it exponentially harder. The same applies to creativity—more entropy equals more effort to create order. Destroy chaos with consistency and build momentum. Making your work easier and faster. 2. Structure Enables Freedom. Structure Enables Freedom. Deadlines, schedules, and systems help you focus your energy. Structure creates the freedom to be creative within constraints. 3. Collaboration Matters. Collaboration Matters. Group projects teach you how to work with others, even when it’s frustrating. The ability to collaborate is essential in the creative economy. Build Your Own Curriculum The most valuable education is the one you design for yourself. Here’s how: Define Your Goals. What do you want to achieve? Clarity is the foundation of progress. Learn What Can’t Be Replaced. Everything can be learned but not everything can be taught. As Naval Ravikant suggests, focus on skills that are so unique and personal that no one can compete with you. You will be unbeatable when it feels like play to you but feels like work to others. Use High-Leverage Tools. Leverage books, mentors, and tools that multiply your efforts. AI, automation, and modern tech aren’t crutches—they’re accelerators. Act. Study less, practice more. Theory without application is waste. Reading or consuming information before doing the thing doesn't work. You'll end up consuming useless things, and yes, knowledge can waste. It's easier to fix a leaking bucket when you find out where it's leaking first. Doing the thing and failing gives you a clear picture of the knowledge gaps you have and will help you know the right questions to ask. Iterate. Learning isn’t linear; it’s cyclical. Experiment, reflect, and adapt. Define Your Goals. What do you want to achieve? Clarity is the foundation of progress. Define Your Goals. Learn What Can’t Be Replaced. Everything can be learned but not everything can be taught. As Naval Ravikant suggests, focus on skills that are so unique and personal that no one can compete with you. You will be unbeatable when it feels like play to you but feels like work to others. Learn What Can’t Be Replaced. Use High-Leverage Tools. Leverage books, mentors, and tools that multiply your efforts. AI, automation, and modern tech aren’t crutches—they’re accelerators. Use High-Leverage Tools. Act. Study less, practice more. Theory without application is waste. Reading or consuming information before doing the thing doesn't work. You'll end up consuming useless things, and yes, knowledge can waste. It's easier to fix a leaking bucket when you find out where it's leaking first. Doing the thing and failing gives you a clear picture of the knowledge gaps you have and will help you know the right questions to ask. Act. Iterate. Learning isn’t linear; it’s cyclical. Experiment, reflect, and adapt. Iterate. Your Future Is in Your Hands When you design your own curriculum, you take full responsibility for your growth. You can’t blame the system for your failures—or your lack of progress. The creative economy rewards those who think for themselves, adapt, and create value. Be the architect of your education, and you’ll thrive in a world that celebrates the exceptional. Final Thought: Final Thought: To thrive, you need to think like a professional, create like an artist, and learn like a lifelong student. Merge work with play. Focus on creativity over conformity. Build your curriculum with intention—and become irreplaceable. I’m rooting for you. Subscribe to my newsletter here , or simply click the Hackernoon subscribe button to improve your creativity, productivity and becoming the best at what you do. here Enjoy the rest of your day.

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