Table of Links Acknowledgements 1 Introduction to thesis 1.1 History and Evidence 1.2 Facts on dark matter 1.3 Candidates to dark matter 1.4 Dark matter detection 1.5 Outline of the thesis 2 Dark matter through ALP portal and 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Model 2.3 Existing constraints on ALP parameter space 2.4 Dark matter analysis 2.5 Summary 3 A two component dark matter model in a generic 𝑈(1)𝑋 extension of SM and 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Model 3.3 Theoretical and experimental constraints 3.4 Phenomenology of dark matter 3.5 Relic density dependence on 𝑈(1)𝑋 charge 𝑥𝐻 3.6 Summary 4 A pseudo-scalar dark matter case in 𝑈(1)𝑋 extension of SM and 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Model 4.3 Theoretical and experimental constraints 4.4 Dark Matter analysis 4.5 Summary 5 Summary Appendices A Standard model B Friedmann equations C Type I seasaw mechanism D Feynman diagrams in two-component DM model Bibliography ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Nita Sinha and Prof. V. Ravindran for being my advisors and supporting me through the highs and lows of my PhD life. I am grateful to them for giving me the freedom to learn the subject the way I wanted. I am thankful to my doctoral committee members, Dr. Manjari Bagchi, Prof. Shrihari Gopalakrishna, Dr. Sayantan Sharma, and Dr.Sitabhra Sinha, for their suggestions and guidance. I am thankful to Prof. M.V.N. Murthy, Prof. D. Indumathi, Prof. Bala Sathiyapalan, Prof. Rahul Sinha, and other faculties at IMSc for teaching me beautiful courses. I am thankful to IMSc for supporting my visits to conferences and seminars within and outside India. I am thankful to my senior, Dr. Sanjoy Mondal, for helping me learn a completely new field and for supporting me in my bad times. I am thankful to Dr. Arindam Das and Dr. Disha Bhatia for allowing me the opportunity to work with them and learn from their experience and insight. I am thankful to the particle physics group members Dr. Suprabh Prakash, Dr. K N Vishnudath, Pritam Sen, Ria Sen, Surabhi Tiwari, T. Ravi, and Aparna Sankar for their support and encouragement. I am blessed to have many good friends here. It is impossible to list them all in this short PhD acknowledgment. Spending time, chatting, and going for dinner at various places with Vinay, Sahil, Farhina, Neelam, Amit, Nilakshi, Pavitra, Chandrani, Prabhat, Ravi Shankar, and others was the best part of my IMSc life. Finally, I would not have reached this far if there had not been the constant support and faith my parents and siblings have shown in me. I am thankful to them for their love. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. Author:
(1) Shivam Gola, The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai. Table of Links Acknowledgements Acknowledgements 1 Introduction to thesis 1 Introduction to thesis 1.1 History and Evidence 1.1 History and Evidence 1.2 Facts on dark matter 1.2 Facts on dark matter 1.3 Candidates to dark matter 1.3 Candidates to dark matter 1.4 Dark matter detection 1.4 Dark matter detection 1.5 Outline of the thesis 1.5 Outline of the thesis 2 Dark matter through ALP portal and 2.1 Introduction 2 Dark matter through ALP portal and 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Model 2.2 Model 2.3 Existing constraints on ALP parameter space 2.3 Existing constraints on ALP parameter space 2.4 Dark matter analysis 2.4 Dark matter analysis 2.5 Summary 2.5 Summary 3 A two component dark matter model in a generic 𝑈(1)𝑋 extension of SM and 3.1 Introduction 3 A two component dark matter model in a generic 𝑈(1)𝑋 extension of SM and 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Model 3.2 Model 3.3 Theoretical and experimental constraints 3.3 Theoretical and experimental constraints 3.4 Phenomenology of dark matter 3.4 Phenomenology of dark matter 3.5 Relic density dependence on 𝑈(1)𝑋 charge 𝑥𝐻 3.5 Relic density dependence on 𝑈(1)𝑋 charge 𝑥𝐻 3.6 Summary 3.6 Summary 4 A pseudo-scalar dark matter case in 𝑈(1)𝑋 extension of SM and 4.1 Introduction 4 A pseudo-scalar dark matter case in 𝑈(1)𝑋 extension of SM and 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Model 4.2 Model 4.3 Theoretical and experimental constraints 4.3 Theoretical and experimental constraints 4.4 Dark Matter analysis 4.4 Dark Matter analysis 4.5 Summary 4.5 Summary 5 Summary 5 Summary Appendices Appendices A Standard model A Standard model B Friedmann equations B Friedmann equations C Type I seasaw mechanism C Type I seasaw mechanism D Feynman diagrams in two-component DM model D Feynman diagrams in two-component DM model Bibliography Bibliography ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Nita Sinha and Prof. V. Ravindran for being my advisors and supporting me through the highs and lows of my PhD life. I am grateful to them for giving me the freedom to learn the subject the way I wanted. I am thankful to my doctoral committee members, Dr. Manjari Bagchi, Prof. Shrihari Gopalakrishna, Dr. Sayantan Sharma, and Dr.Sitabhra Sinha, for their suggestions and guidance. I am thankful to Prof. M.V.N. Murthy, Prof. D. Indumathi, Prof. Bala Sathiyapalan, Prof. Rahul Sinha, and other faculties at IMSc for teaching me beautiful courses. I am thankful to IMSc for supporting my visits to conferences and seminars within and outside India. I am thankful to my senior, Dr. Sanjoy Mondal, for helping me learn a completely new field and for supporting me in my bad times. I am thankful to Dr. Arindam Das and Dr. Disha Bhatia for allowing me the opportunity to work with them and learn from their experience and insight. I am thankful to the particle physics group members Dr. Suprabh Prakash, Dr. K N Vishnudath, Pritam Sen, Ria Sen, Surabhi Tiwari, T. Ravi, and Aparna Sankar for their support and encouragement. I am blessed to have many good friends here. It is impossible to list them all in this short PhD acknowledgment. Spending time, chatting, and going for dinner at various places with Vinay, Sahil, Farhina, Neelam, Amit, Nilakshi, Pavitra, Chandrani, Prabhat, Ravi Shankar, and others was the best part of my IMSc life. Finally, I would not have reached this far if there had not been the constant support and faith my parents and siblings have shown in me. I am thankful to them for their love. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv Author: (1) Shivam Gola, The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai. Author: Author: (1) Shivam Gola, The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai.

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