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Fabric allows for different kinds of participants in the network, which facilitates the execute-order-validate paradigm for distributed execution of chaincode. Chaincode is the central element in a Fabric network, as it dictates the rules to be followed by member participants. Each peer contains a ledger component, formed by the block store, which stores blocks containing transactions and the peer transaction manager (PTM) Fabric introduces a hybrid replication model, combining active and passive replication (primarybackup-replication, ported to the untrusted environment)