What happened this week in the Crypto markets? See you in hell 2018 — crypto ushers in 2019 with a hot start! Welcome back from the extended holidays! It’s been 3 weeks since our last Two Satoshis writeup, and that is an eternity in crypto given how fast and violently these markets move. For reference, the prices of many cryptoassets are up almost 100% since the Dec 14th lows. We forgive you if you didn’t notice this run-up, as the uncharacteristic equity, credit and commodity volatility over the past month probably garnered most of your attention. But this lack of correlation is . The crypto asset class isn’t going away, and despite finishing 2018 with yet another month of negative returns (5 straight), the crypto markets rebounded with a nice year-end rally which has continued thus far into the first week in January (+9% last week). precisely why everyone NEEDS to be paying attention to crypto While we weren’t writing over the holidays, we were of course actively managing our fund, building our company, and sleeping/eating/breathing all things crypto. So before we dive into what happened this past week, below is a quick collection of random thoughts from the past few weeks: Just about everyone you speak to believes equity and credit markets will continue to go lower. But the vast majority of people/investors either have to own equities and debt in their portfolios or just don’t actively manage it carefully enough to warrant rotation into something else, even if . Meanwhile, absolutely NO ONE has to own crypto assets, and yet new investors continue to enter the market, despite large drawdowns. That should tell you something. Perseverance of Crypto Investors — returns are not expected to be great Many people applaud the crypto markets for being accessible and liquid 24/7. But is this really a good thing? Let’s look at Christmas Eve for example. The equity markets fell 3% in a half-day of trading, and had they remained open, it seemed like they would have fallen 10% given how bad sentiment was following 4 straight days of large declines. But after a few days off, the market reset itself, and when they re-opened 2 days later the markets jumped 5% sparking a rally that continued throughout year-end. Meanwhile, crypto never catches its breath (to the detriment of our families), and this may contribute to the large swings in price that often last days at a time. With no ability to “reset”, 24/7 trading may cause more harm than good. Is 24/7 Trading a Net Positive? — While we’ve talked at length over the past year about the lack of correlation between crypto and other asset classes, the jury is still out on whether or not crypto is a risk asset, or a safe haven (IMO, potentially both). Acting as a risk asset, is it possible that the 80% market decline in crypto foreshadowed the recent (and upcoming) swoon in traditional markets? Or was the crypto selloff simply due to the immaturity of the market, and we can expect it to act more defensive during a recession (like gold)? Our friend Travis Kling from Ikigai : Risk Asset or Safe Haven? — made an astute observation So why is crypto rallying, and will this continue? Make no mistake about it, crypto valuations are still very difficult to ascertain. Until there is consensus on valuation and a long enough history to validate when prices are “cheap” or “expensive”, crypto will continue to trade based on sentiment, emotion and large underlying themes. One of these underlying themes is a rallying cry from the Ethereum community. While Ethereum is still the 2nd largest token, and arguably the most well-known besides , much of the 2018 sell-off can be contributed to poorly structured and ill-advised ICOs built on Ethereum, and an overall lack of scalability, speed and efficiency of the underlying protocol. That said, Ethereum still has the largest and most well-funded community of leaders and developers… and they finally had enough of the Ethereum bashing. Bitcoin Over the past 4 weeks, Ethereum supporters came out of the woodwork defending their beloved protocol. This lead to , Ethereum leaders like Joe Lubin , and more importantly, that not only offset the death spiral, but encouraged investment. As a result, ETH rallied from lows around $85 to current prices of $155. While it’s likely that prices will continue to be volatile, and may even retest lows at some point, we suspect that this “coordinated defense” may be a formula for success going forward. And other companies / projects took notice, and went on the offensive in recent weeks. We saw a slew of coordinated and well-timed press releases from Tron (TRX), Waves (WAVES), Neo (NEO) and many others, designed specifically to push token prices higher (and most worked). This response is to be expected after the carnage of 2018, as many of these companies and projects now must be more transparent and aggressive to build interest in their tokens. previously bearish analysts turning slightly positive calling the bottom real hard data As we’ve pointed out in previous weeks, crypto is in a distressed environment. And that means, price doesn’t really matter, and neither do percentage gains/losses. All that matters is deciding which tokens will exist in a few years, and whether or not growth in usage can ultimately accrue value to the tokens. For those that fit this description, the tokens were probably a buy at the lows on Dec 14th, they are probably still a buy up 100% from here, and will likely be a buy even if we retest the lows. We’re still so early that, for those that do survive, . the trend is almost assuredly higher Reflecting on Bitcoin’s 10th anniversary So with 2018 behind us (and the hideous -75–85% returns that came with it), let’s take a second to reflect on why we’re even talking about crypto in the first place. Bitcoin turned 10 years old last week! And while the crypto markets have, and continue to, evolve beyond just Bitcoin, the anniversary of the first genesis block of Bitcoin reminds us that . In fact, . Bitcoin is a lot more than just “new money” Bitcoin matters for Freedom Notable Movers and Shakers The crypto markets rose almost 10% last week, and while correlation remains high between tokens, it’s a healthy sign that some tokens rose decisively more than others following real catalysts and announcements. Ethereum (ETH) continues to lead the charge, rising another 14% week-over-week ahead of its upcoming forks and Constantipole upgrade. Bitcoin (BTC) lagged the move higher until late in the week, when it popped above $4,000 and finished up 6% for the week. ChainLink (LINK) rose 34% last week. While the token is still -70% from all-time-highs in dollar terms, it is now . testing all-time-highs relative to Bitcoin Zilliqa (ZIL) advanced 12% and is now up 70% from the lows, ahead of its mainnet launch on Jan 31st. Similarly, Tron (TRX) gained another 17% last week ahead of its upcoming conference, and on the heels of its . announced BitTorrent token What We’re Reading this Week The best 2018 review — across all asset classes Charlie Bilello of Pension Partners wraps up 2018 with tons of charts that show the carnage across all asset classes. When Sheila Blair talks crypto… …. We listen. A trip down memory lane — the internet in 1994 You often hear that crypto is “the internet in 1994”. To further illustrate that point, go back to 1994 with this article discussing a pioneer of consumer commerce on the internet, and see the parallels for yourself. Tokenize the World You can now buy 10 Nasdaq securities, including AAPL and AMZN, via a digital token that represents the shares. This is foreshadowing what is to come, and enables global access to US stocks without the need to have a brokerage account or a bank account. The State of Bitcoin Not light reading, but this is a great place to start your 2019 journey into crypto — understanding where Bitcoin came from, and where it is headed. Why crypto wasn’t ready for primetime Our friend, David Nage, put out a great 2018 review citing why crypto wasn’t ready for primetime… but it’s not dead yet. What Coinbase’s $8 bn valuation tells you about crypto What happens when service providers grow in value much faster than those they service? This article is rich with detail on why cryptoassets are underpriced, citing historical valuations of US equity exchanges relative to equity prices. The Bear Case Despite the positive sentiment in the market right now, it is the start of the new year, and with that comes skepticism and predictions. We appreciate a , and thoughts on what . Perhaps most interesting was McKinsey’s honest analysis of , suggesting that a simple solution may be its best use case. healthy dose of skepticism about blockchain crypto needs to do to become relevant how little blockchain has actually solved to date Arca in the Press & on the Streets Arca CEO Rayne Steinberg , discussing how Arca is creating a new financial standard by combining the best of traditional centralized finance with blockchain technology. was a guest on CEO Money Steinberg and Arca Portfolio Manager, Jeff Dorman, to discuss the recently filed Arca US Treasury Token, and to discuss the markets. sat down with Christine Corrado from Proactive Investors cryptocurrency Arca co-founder and Chief Legal Officer, Phil Liu, to discuss current regulations in the U.S. and why he feels they are sufficient. You’ll also hear about the tokenization of assets and why security tokens can improve liquidity and more in this expert interview. Plus, hear his thoughts on predictions for the security token industry in 2019. spoke with with Amy Wan from Security Token Academy And That’s Our Two Satoshis! Thanks for reading everyone! Questions or comments, just let us know. The Arca Portfolio Management Team Jeff Dorman — Portfolio Manager Katie Talati — Head of Research Hassan Bassiri — Junior PM / Analyst Disclaimer: This commentary is provided as general information only and is in no way intended as investment advice, investment research, a research report or a recommendation. Any decision to invest or take any other action with respect to the securities discussed in this commentary may involve risks not discussed herein and such decisions should not be based solely on the information contained in this document. Statements in this communication may include forward-looking information and/or may be based on various assumptions. The forward-looking statements and other views or opinions expressed herein are made as of the date of this publication. Actual future results or occurrences may differ significantly from those anticipated and there is no guarantee that any particular outcome will come to pass. The statements made herein are subject to change at any time. Arca Funds disclaims any obligation to update or revise any statements or views expressed herein. In considering any performance information included in this commentary, it should be noted that past performance is not a guarantee of future results and there can be no assurance that future results will be realized. Some or all of the information provided herein may be or be based on statements of opinion. In addition, certain information provided herein may be based on third-party sources, which information, although believed to be accurate, has not been independently verified. Arca Funds and/or certain of its affiliates and/or clients hold and may, in the future, hold a financial interest in securities that are the same as or substantially similar to the securities discussed in this commentary. No claims are made as to the profitability of such financial interests, now, in the past or in the future and Arca Funds and/or its clients may sell such financial interests at any time. The information provided herein is not intended to be, nor should it be construed as an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy any securities. This commentary has not been reviewed or approved by any regulatory authority and has been prepared without regard to the individual financial circumstances or objectives of persons who may receive it. The appropriateness of a particular investment or strategy will depend on an investor’s individual circumstances and objectives.

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What happened this week in the Crypto markets?

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