Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 MindEye2 and 2.1 Shared-Subject Functional Alignment 2 MindEye2 and 2.1 Shared-Subject Functional Alignment 2.2 Backbone, Diffusion Prior, & Submodules 2.2 Backbone, Diffusion Prior, & Submodules 2.3 Image Captioning and 2.4 Fine-tuning Stable Diffusion XL for unCLIP 2.3 Image Captioning and 2.4 Fine-tuning Stable Diffusion XL for unCLIP 2.5 Model Inference 2.5 Model Inference 3 Results and 3.1 fMRI-to-Image Reconstruction 3 Results and 3.1 fMRI-to-Image Reconstruction 3.2 Image Captioning 3.2 Image Captioning 3.3 Image/Brain Retrieval and 3.4 Brain Correlation 3.3 Image/Brain Retrieval and 3.4 Brain Correlation 3.5 Ablations 3.5 Ablations 4 Related Work 4 Related Work 5 Conclusion 5 Conclusion 6 Acknowledgements and References 6 Acknowledgements and References A Appendix A Appendix A.1 Author Contributions A.1 Author Contributions A.2 Additional Dataset Information A.2 Additional Dataset Information A.3 MindEye2 (not pretrained) vs. MindEye1 A.3 MindEye2 (not pretrained) vs. MindEye1 A.4 Reconstruction Evaluations Across Varying Amounts of Training Data A.4 Reconstruction Evaluations Across Varying Amounts of Training Data A.5 Single-Subject Evaluations A.5 Single-Subject Evaluations A.6 UnCLIP Evaluation A.6 UnCLIP Evaluation A.7 OpenCLIP BigG to CLIP L Conversion A.7 OpenCLIP BigG to CLIP L Conversion A.8 COCO Retrieval A.8 COCO Retrieval A.9 Reconstruction Evaluations: Additional Information A.9 Reconstruction Evaluations: Additional Information A.10 Pretraining with Less Subjects A.10 Pretraining with Less Subjects A.11 UMAP Dimensionality Reduction A.11 UMAP Dimensionality Reduction A.12 ROI-Optimized Stimuli A.12 ROI-Optimized Stimuli A.13 Human Preference Experiments A.13 Human Preference Experiments A.5 Single-Subject Evaluations Tables 7 and 8 show more exhaustive evaluation metrics computed for every subject individually using 40-hours and 1-hour of fine-tuning data respectively. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv Authors: (1) Paul S. Scotti, Stability AI and Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (2) Mihir Tripathy, Medical AI Research Center (MedARC) and a Core contribution; (3) Cesar Kadir Torrico Villanueva, Medical AI Research Center (MedARC) and a Core contribution; (4) Reese Kneeland, University of Minnesota and a Core contribution; (5) Tong Chen, The University of Sydney and Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (6) Ashutosh Narang, Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (7) Charan Santhirasegaran, Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (8) Jonathan Xu, University of Waterloo and Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (9) Thomas Naselaris, University of Minnesota; (10) Kenneth A. Norman, Princeton Neuroscience Institute; (11) Tanishq Mathew Abraham, Stability AI and Medical AI Research Center (MedARC). Authors: Authors: (1) Paul S. Scotti, Stability AI and Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (2) Mihir Tripathy, Medical AI Research Center (MedARC) and a Core contribution; (3) Cesar Kadir Torrico Villanueva, Medical AI Research Center (MedARC) and a Core contribution; (4) Reese Kneeland, University of Minnesota and a Core contribution; (5) Tong Chen, The University of Sydney and Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (6) Ashutosh Narang, Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (7) Charan Santhirasegaran, Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (8) Jonathan Xu, University of Waterloo and Medical AI Research Center (MedARC); (9) Thomas Naselaris, University of Minnesota; (10) Kenneth A. Norman, Princeton Neuroscience Institute; (11) Tanishq Mathew Abraham, Stability AI and Medical AI Research Center (MedARC).