TLDR
Objects and actors are orthogonal abstractions and a language may implement both – Pony is an example of Pony. This paper will use Erlang as the prototype for actors in order to draw a sharper contrast between objects and actors. An object encapsulates one or more public methods, zero or more private methods, and internal state. The shared mutable mutable state problem may occur when two or more instances of methods within the same object are simultaneously live, i.e. have frames on the same stack.via the TL;DR App
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