1. Basic Substitution: Using :s to replace the first occurrence of text on the current line.
2. Replacing Text on Specific Lines: Employing :s with line numbers or ranges (e.g., :90,110s) to replace text within defined line ranges.
3. Global Substitution: Utilizing :s with the g flag (:s/pattern/replacement/g) to replace all occurrences of text on a line or throughout the file.
4. Pattern-based Substitution: Using regular expressions with the substitute command. For instance, replacing the first character of each word with its uppercase representation using :%s/^./\u&/g.