I-money ayikho kuphela into e-wallet yakho noma ama-number e-app yakho yebhanki. Kuyinto inkampani ebonakalayo inkinobho. Ebhokisini, i-money yindlela eyenziwe ngabantu ukucubungula ukuhweba nokuxhumana. Ngaphandle kokubuyekeza ama-apples ngenxa ye-shoe, sinikezela into enhle wonke umuntu. Lezi zibonelelo zihlanganisa i-cowry shells, i-silver coins, noma ngisho i-electronic funds (njenge-cryptocurrency) kwizinto ezinhle. Kuyinto njenge-exercise enhle kakhulu yokubuyekezwa kwe-humanity eyenza emzimbeni. Futhi apha i-kicker — kufuneka kwenziwe njengezinto ezinhle nabanye. Ngamanye ama-value iye kuqala ukusetshenziswa okuhlobene (ukucinga i-salt emizuzu ngaphambi kwe-crystals), futhi ngamanye ama-crystals ziye kuqala emoyeni okuhlobene (njenge-fiat yesimanje noma i-crypto). Noma kunjalo, kusebenza njenge-money uma abantu abanezinye abanolwazi ukuvumelela, futhi lokhu kufuneka ubuningi izinga lokuthumela noma ukusetshenziswa. Money usually has three big jobs: it helps us trade, track value, and save for later. To do those things well, it has to be portable, durable, divisible, and scarce Ngingathanda ukuthi ungathanda i-paycheck yakho e-banana. Akukho ngenxa yokuzonwabisa okungenani, kodwa ngenxa yokuzonwabisa okungenani, ukuchithwa ngokushesha, futhi umuntu akuyona akuyona njenge-paycheck eminyakeni elandelayo. Ngaphansi izinto ezisebenzayo zokusebenza ngokuvamile akuyona imali enhle. Futhi izinto ngaphandle kwe-utility ngokuvamile angakwazi ukusebenza njenge-money, uma abantu abaningi abanolwazi ukwelashwa ngokuvamile. Uma okuhlobene okuhlobene, nje ukholelwa ukuthi amanzi kuyinto ebalulekile yokuphila, kodwa ama-diamonds ziyathengiswa kakhulu. I-value ne-money ayinezinguqulo; zihlanganisa ukuthi abantu abanolwazi ukunambitheka kanjani, futhi lokhu kubandakanya uvavanyo lwe-usability, ama-expectations, ne-confidence. Diamond-Water Paradox I-Diamond-Water Paradox I-Precious Metals, I-Paper, ne-Fiat Izigidi futhi amahora edlule, abantu abasebenzisa konke kusuka ku-salt kuya ku-beads ukudayiswa. Kodwa njengoba izwe zithuthukisa, ukuhweba kanye namakhemikhali efana ne-salt ziye kwangaphakathi futhi engaphakeme kakhulu. Faka ama-metals ezinhle. I-Gold kanye ne-Silver ziye zihlukile, ezincinane, futhi kulula ukuhambisa. Lezi izici ziye ziye ziye ziye zihlukile ukugcina kanye nokuthumela impahla. Lezi zinyunithi ziye ziye zithunyelwe emali noma i-silver, kodwa umbhalo (ngaphezu kwalokho umlilo we-Emperor) wahlanganyela isakhiwo se-trust. To make trade more efficient, ancient empires began minting coins, stamping them with standard weights and official marks to guarantee their value I-Archaeologists kanye ne-historicists zihlanganisa ukuthi abantu Ngxenye ngenxa yokubonisa futhi ukwehlisa i-metal, futhi ingxenye ngenxa yokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwabo ngezimali kanye nezimali. Kulesi sincoma, umongameli "ukukhusela" amaminithi akuyona akubuyekeza ukuthi akubuyekeza imali yedolobha, njengezimali yedolobha, kodwa ngokubuyekeza ukuthi zithatholakala ngezimali zomthetho futhi ngezinye izikhathi zikhuthaza ukuchithwa. Ukubuyiselwa Ukubuyiselwa Ungatholakala ukuthi umbhalo we-Emperor usebenza njenge-checkmark eluhlaza, okukhanyisa ukuzinza kanye nokuqiniseka. Umthombo we-metal edumile kanye ne-state power wahlala amayunithi. the combination Ukubambisana Ngokuba eYurophu, amabhokisi amahhotela amahhotela amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi amabhokisi. Paper money, though, was a game-changer. China as early as the 7th century, using promissory notes backed by the emperor’s word. Ukuqala Ukuqala Ukuqala Kodwa konke kubuyekeza lapho amazwe abalandela standard yedolobha. I-currencies iye yakhelwe i-fiat, okungenani baye zihlanganisa izindleko kuphela ngoba izivumelwano zithi. Lokhu kwandisa ukunambitheka kwebhizinisi yedolobha, kanye nesithombe ezintsha ze-risk. I-U.S. President Nixon yama-1971 ukuguqulwa i-redemption yedolobha yedolobha ye-USD ikakhulukazi iboniswe njengoba imizuzu elithathwayo yedolobha emkhakheni. Imiphumela yayo ungenza igama: . Nixon Ukukhangisa Nixon Ukukhangisa I-Efficiency of Money: Trust, Inflation, ne-Fiat Decline Ukuze i-money isebenza ngempumelelo, abantu kufuneka ukholelwa lokhu, noma ukholelwa ukuthi iyatholakala. Lezi zibonelelo zihlanganisa ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma kuxhomekeke ku-fiat currencies. Njengoba i-fiat ayekunxele ngezinye izinto zokufakelwa, izivakashi zingathumela ukucindezeleka ngokufanele. Nakuba lokhu kungasiza ngezimo zokushintshwa, kuncike futhi ukwandisa inflation. Inflation kusebenza lapho izindleko zithuba ngenxa yokushintshwa kwama-money, ngokuvamile lapho kukhona kakhulu ku-circulation. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphrinta imali ngaphandle kwemingcele iyinhlangano embalwa. In simple terms, if money stops being scarce, it can’t hold its worth, and what once cost $1 could soon cost $2. Or , if the inflation rises to absurd levels izigidi ezingu-100 izigidi ezingu-100 izigidi ezingu-100 Waze Ukukhuthaza ukhuseleko lwezemali ye-fiat kanye. Lezi izinsuku ezingenalutho ezivela lapho amabhange amakhulu zithunyelwe izinsiza ezinzima ukuthi abantu abaninzi awukwazi ukuguqulela. Uma izinsiza zithunyelwe, izigidi zithunyelwe izindlu zabo, izindleko zokusebenza, kanye nezinsizakalo, kanti umkhakha wethunyelwe. Izinsiza eziningi, izinsizakalo zebhanki ezingenalutho, kanye nezinsizakalo ezivamile zithunyelwa abantu ukuba ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo kwama-money iyona ithuba elungileyo. Ingabe akuyona i-money yokuhlanza imali, akuyona ngokushesha nge-inflation? I-crisis ye-2008 I-crisis ye-2008 I-Critics efana ne-Austrian School isibopho ukuthi izinhlelo ze-fiat zihlukile nge-design. . in » U-Analytics ivumela ukuthi ama-currencies eyenziwe ngu-government angakwazi ukuxuba amakethe, ukukhuthaza imali, futhi ukunceda ukucubungula. Zibonisa ukuthi ukunceda ama-currencies ahlukene (i-digital noma ngezinye) zihlanganisa izinhlelo zebhizinisi ezinzima futhi zithembekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma imali uyehlisa ukusebenza kwayo, inkampani ibonise imiphumela ye-riple ngokushesha. In their view, inflation and currency manipulation aren’t bugs, but features of the current model I-Fiasco ye-Fiat Money I-Fiasco ye-Fiat Money I-decentralized kanye ne-digital money I-Bitcoin waya kwelanga ngo-2009, eyakhelwe ngu-mysterious . Kuyinto efanayo nangokunye: akukho ibhanki yesifunda, akukho ama-printing presses, futhi i-hard cap of 21 million coins. Ukuze abaninzi, lokhu kuyinto i-antidote ye-fiat's flaws. Uyakwazi ekupheleni ukugcina uhlobo lwemali eningi ungacindezela noma ukugcina. Ngaphezu kwiminyaka, kwangaphakathi, kwangaphakathi kwangaphambili yokuzikhethela kwezimali kanye nokuthuthukiswa emhlabeni wonke. U-Satoshi Nakamoto U-Satoshi Nakamoto Ngemuva kwalokho, i-Ethereum ilandelayo ngo-2015, ukongezelela izimboni zebhizinisi. : Izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokufanayo zokusebenza lapho izimo ezithile zihambisana. Thina akuyona kuphela ukuhambisa ama-tokens; thina ukwakha uhlelo olungaphakathi lwezimali, elilodwa esizayo yama-global kanye nokuthuthukiswa ngokushesha. I-Smart Contracts This meant money could now follow its own logic, powering lending platforms, marketplaces, exchanges, digital collectibles, and even decentralized games. I-Smart Contracts Okwakheka, i-crypto ayikho ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zayo. I-volatility ivimbela abantu abacindezela, ama-hacks akuyona amabhulo, futhi yes, ezinye iiprojekthi zihlukile. Kodwa ngaphandle kwezimpendulo, inikeza into enhle: isistimu lapho isithuthuthu asekelwe kumazwe ama-institutions ama-code enhle. Ehlabathi lapho ama-money eyenziwe ngokuvamile ibonakalayo noma engathuthuthu, le-alternative kuyinto enhle kakhulu. Kuyinto ezidingekayo ukuthuthukiswa. Yini elilandelayo? I-Digital Future of Money Njengoba imali uqhubeke ukuvuselelwa kwe-digital, sincoma imiphumela emikhulu. (CBDCs) zihlala emhlabeni wonke. Lezi zithuthi zithuthi ezivamile zithunyelwe ngokuvamile nge-Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), kodwa ngokuvamile ezisekelwe kwebhasi zebhasi zokusekelwe ngokuphelele. Ukuze abantu ngokuvamile, abanemibuzo eminingi mayelana nezingcele zofuzo ze-cryptocurrencies, kungase zibonele njengama-cryptocurrencies ezivamile, kodwa kunzima kakhulu kunokuba. Kubaluleke ne-token yesifazane ne-government, ngoba ngezinye izimo ezininzi akufanele ngisho i-DLT. Central Bank Digital Currencies I-Central Bank ye-Digital Currency Thina akuyona cryptocurrencies "emvelo", kodwa kuphela digital tokens. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulawula kwabo lwezimali inikeza izinzuzo ezinzima. . It is like your wallet coming with a security guard and a clipboard. Ngakho, hhayi ngokuvamile unemibuzo enhle kakhulu. If states oversee every transaction, privacy could become a relic of the past. Critics warn that CBDCs might enable account freezes, enforce expiration dates on money, or track every cent you spend Ngezinye, akukho zonke i-cryptocurrencies ziye ziye ziye ziye ziye zihlanganisa. I-Bitcoin ne-Ethereum, isib. Waze ngoba izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza zangaphakathi njengama-miners ne-"validators" ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa lokugqibela kwezohwebo. Izinhlelo ezithile zihlanganisa ukuhlangabezana lezi zihlanganisa nge-models ezintsha. , okuyinto usebenzisa Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) emzimbeni blockchains, iyinhlangano efanayo. Lokhu ukufinyelela i-miners kanye ne-"validators" ukugcina uhlelo lokufaka bonke. Ukukhishwa kwePotential censorship Ukubuyekezwa Ukukhishwa kwePotential Ukubuyekezwa Ukubuyekezwa . Kuyinto futhi kuhlanganisa ku-built-in futhi i-smart contracts, okuvumela abantu noma ama-communities ukwakha izakhiwo ezivamile nge-logic eyenziwe ngempumelelo. Kwi-future lapho i-money iyakhiwa yi-community, uhlobo le-flexibility ivumelanisa. Uma i-money iyatholakala ukuthuthukisa noma ukunciphisa, izinhlelo ze-decentralized efana ne-Obyte zibonisa indlela enhle yokuqala. Obyte’s structure provides high levels of decentralization and strong censorship resistance Izindlela ze-Tokenization Izindlela ze-Tokenization I-Vector Image ye-Freepik Ukukhishwa kweVector Image by I-Freepik I-Freepik
