UkuHamba ngokuntsonkotha: Imingeni yoLawulo lweeProjekthi eziBalulekileyo

Ukulawula iiprojekthi ezinkulu kuba ngumngeni ngokubandakanyeka kwamawaka abathathi-nxaxheba ekuphunyezweni kweprojekthi. Okuntsokothileyo kukwavela ngenxa yokunqongophala kwesithuba solwazi esimanyeneyo solawulo lweprojekthi. Imiba ephambili, efana neeshedyuli, izigaba ezibalulekileyo, izivumelwano, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweprojekthi, ukuhamba komsebenzi kwamaxwebhu, uhlalutyo lwentsebenzo, kunye nolwazi lwejografi, zisasazwe kuwo onke amaqonga ahlukeneyo.

Ngokuthatha kumava ethu, ingakumbi kwicandelo likarhulumente, ndiqokelele awona macebiso abalulekileyo okoyisa imingeni evezwa ziiprojekthi ezinkulu. Oku kubandakanya izisombululo zesoftware, eyilelwe ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo iiprojekthi kunye nezicwangciso zokulawula, ukubonelela ngendlela ehambelanayo ukoyisa imiqobo ebangelwa zizithuba zolwazi olwahlukeneyo kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi okunatyisiweyo.

Imingeni eqhelekileyo

Ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo iiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso ezinkulu kubandakanya ukulungisa imiba yolawulo lweeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo. Omnye weyona mingeni ibalulekileyo ibandakanya ukulungelelaniswa kookontraka abancinci abakhethekileyo kwaye ifuna ukubeka iliso kwiqhinga lokuqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso lwabo neenjongo zeprojekthi kunye namaxesha.

Enye ingongoma apha kukuba imingcipheko enxulumene nemali, njengokutshintsha kobubanzi beprojekthi okanye ii-odolo, zifuna ukucwangciswa kwemali edala kunye nolawulo ukulungiselela iimfuno zeprojekthi eziguqukayo. Ngaphandle koko, ukugcinwa kokuhamba kwemali okuchanekileyo kubalulekile kwizibonelelo ezifanelekileyo kunye nolwabiwo lweendleko ngokuhambelana nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokwakha.

Imiceli mngeni yobuchwephesha yenye enye into onokuthi udibane nayo ngokusebenza nezikali ezinkulu. Bahlala bevela ekufumaneni imvume, begxininisa imfuneko yonxibelelwano olulula kunye nentsebenziswano. Ngokufanayo, ukwamkelwa kwangexesha okuvela kubanini beeprojekthi kubalulekile ukuze kuthintelwe ukulibaziseka kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubela phambili kweprojekthi kakuhle. Ukuthembela kwiikontraka ezingaphantsi kwamava angaphantsi kuzisa imingeni yobugcisa, kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa ngokucokisekileyo kunye nenkxaso.

Imingcipheko yangaphandle, kubandakanywa inkxaso karhulumente kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso anokubakho kumaxabiso ezibonelelo, kufuneka kwakhona kuqwalaselwe. Ngelixa urhulumente enokuncedisa ngemingcipheko ethile yangaphandle, iikontraka kufuneka ziphendule ngokuhla kunyuka kwamaxabiso ezibonelelo ezichaphazela ngqo iindleko zokwakha.

Umngcipheko omncinci ekuvunyelwene ngawo kukungachaneki kuqikelelo lwezixhobo. Ngaphandle kokuqeshwa kwezixhobo zezakhono, iimpazamo zabantu ezinokubakho kuqikelelo lobungakanani zisenokubangela iingxaki.

Ukujonga le mingeni ngokufanelekileyo kufuna izicwangciso-qhinga zolawulo lweprojekthi, ucwangciso lwemali olucokisekileyo, kunye nolungelelwaniso oluqhubekayo phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunikezelwa kweeprojekthi ngempumelelo nangexesha. Ngapha koko siza kuxoxa ukuba zeziphi izicwangciso-qhinga ezinokuba luncedo ekusombululeni uninzi lweengxaki eziqhelekileyo.

Izicwangciso zokoyisa imingeni

Njengoko sele sichazile, iiprojekthi ezinkulu ziza nemingeni ekhoyo, kungoko zifuna izisombululo zobuchule bokuqinisekisa impumelelo. Ukukhumbula ezi zikhokelo kuya kuba negalelo ekufumaneni ulawulo oluphuculweyo kwiprojekthi yakho, nokuba ingakanani na.

1. Ukuthatha uxanduva Kwiiprojekthi zexesha elide, ubunini bokwenyani beziphumo yeyona ngongoma ibalulekileyo. Inkokeli yeprojekthi kufuneka ithathe uxanduva lwezigqibo ezinzima, ikhuthaza ukhuseleko lwengqondo ngaphakathi kweqela. Oku kuxhotyiswa kwenza ukuba kwenziwe izigqibo ezisebenzayo ngaphandle koloyiko olungafanelekanga, kuthintelwe amaqhinga alumke kakhulu kunye neengxoxo zekomiti ezinde.
2. Ukubonelela ngenkxaso Ukuqinisekisa ukuzibophelela kwangethuba kwiinkokeli zenkampani kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ubungozi obunokuthi bubekho ukuba inkxaso yesigqeba iyahexa. Iinjongo zokuxoxisana kunye neemetrics zokuphumelela ukusuka ekuqaleni ziqhelekile, kodwa kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu, ukusebenzisana neengcali zezemali ukuqikelela inzuzo kunye neendleko ezizayo kubonelela ukuguquguquka kohlengahlengiso lwebhajethi.
3. Ukulawula amaxesha amisiweyo Ukuqikelela ixesha kunye nomgudu kuphando kunye neeprojekthi zophuhliso ezinemihla yokugqibela yoluntu kunokuba ngumngeni, ngakumbi xa inxalenye yokugqibela idla ngokutya ixesha elininzi. Nxibelelana nemihla yonikezelo njengoluhlu: umhla ekujoliswe kuwo ngokusekelwe kwingqiqo yangoku kunye nomhla wokuzibophelela obonisa imiba enokubakho. Uqikelelo lwesaphulelo olucacileyo lunceda ukuphucula unxibelelwano kwaye luqinisekise ukucwangciswa okucacileyo komsebenzi oxhomekeke kuwo.
4. Ukwakha ukuzithemba Ukujongana neenkxalabo kuluntu lwengingqi kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yeeprojekthi ezinkulu. Ukudala indawo ekhuselekileyo yeengxoxo malunga neenkxalabo ezingxamisekileyo kunye nokubonelela ngeenkcazo ngexesha leendlela zeprojekthi kunye neenjongo eziphambili. Ukufundisa uluntu ngeenjongo zeprojekthi, iziphumo ezilindelekileyo, iindleko, ixesha elibekiweyo, kunye neenzuzo kuluntu kukhuthaza ukuqonda kunye nentsebenziswano. Ngokukhulisa ubudlelwane nabachaphazelekayo, ababoneleli beprojekthi banokuseka isiseko sokuthembana kunye nenkxaso yoluntu, ukuqinisekisa ukwenziwa kweprojekthi okuthe tye kunye nekamva eliqaqambileyo kuluntu.
5. Ukuqonda imarike Ulibaziseko, ukunqongophala, kunye nokuhla kweendleko kubangela imingeni kwiiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso. Ukujonga le miqobo, ukuqonda okunzulu kwamandla emarike kunye nemithombo eyahlukeneyo yobonelelo kubalulekile. Ucwangciso olusebenzayo, kubandakanywa ukusebenzisana nababoneleli bendawo, ukukhethwa kwabathengisi abaguquguqukayo, kunye nokwazisa ngamathuba emarike yemathiriyeli ekrwada, kuvumela amaxesha aqikelelweyo ngakumbi kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lokulindela. Ngenxa yemiceli mngeni ekhethekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zejografi, uphando olucokisekileyo ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe iindawo zeprojekthi kunye nemihla ebekiweyo ibalulekile.

Izixhobo zokulawula iiprojekthi ezinkulu

Kwiiprojekthi ezibanzi, iqela le-Ofisi yoLawulo lweProjekthi (PMO) linokubandakanya abantu abaninzi, ngalinye lijongene neqela elahlukileyo lomsebenzi. Ukusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo ezizenzekelayo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ulungelelwaniso olungenamthungo kunye nentsebenziswano ngaphakathi kwe-PMO, ukujongana noxanduva kunye nemisebenzi ehambelana nokulawula iiprojekthi ezinzima.

I-Automation ibandakanya iinkqubo ze-ERP ezinceda ukulawula iikontraka kunye nabancinci, ukugcina iikhontrakthi zihlaziywa, kunye nokulawula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. I-BI (Business Intelligence) inokuba luncedo ngokukodwa ekuhlalutyeni iProjekthi yeZalathi zokuSebenza eziPhambili (KPIs), kunye nezixhobo ezifana neProjekthi ye-MS okanye izinto ezilingana nazo, ezifana neetshathi zeGantt, amaxesha amisiweyo, kunye nesoftware yolawulo lomsebenzi, zidla ngokuqeshwa kulawulo lweprojekthi enkulu. .

Isoftware yeERP

Isoftware ye-ERP sisisombululo esiguquguqukayo esijongana noluhlu lwemingeni yeshishini, iyenza ilungele iinkampani zabo bonke ubukhulu. Nazi iingxaki ezisonjululwa ngempumelelo yi-ERP, ibonelela ngeenzuzo zokwenyani kuwo onke amashishini ahlukeneyo kuquka neziseko zophuhliso.

Ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano

I-ERP ithatha intsebenziswano ukuya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ngokudibanisa idatha, ivumela amaqela ukuba asebenze ngokubambisana ngakumbi. Ngokuqhutywa komsebenzi ophuculweyo, amaqela alungelelanisa iinzame zawo, eqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso olungenamthungo kunye nokukhuthaza indawo yokusebenza ngokubambisana.

Ukuchaneka kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali

Ukujongana nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwiiprojekthi ezininzi kuba ngumsebenzi onzima, ngakumbi xa amasebe awohlukeneyo esamkela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulandela umkhondo. I-ERP ithatha amanyathelo okulungelelanisa iinkqubo zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, iqinisekisa ulawulo olwandisiweyo kunye nokubhaqwa kwangethuba kwemingeni enokubakho kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.

Ukuqhawula idatha

Idatha ye-Siled ibeka umngeni oqhelekileyo kumashishini anamhlanje, ithintela intsebenziswano kunye nokuthintela ujongo olubanzi lokusebenza. I-ERP isebenza njengesisombululo ngokudibanisa idatha yenkampani kwiqonga elidityanisiweyo, linikezela ngembono epheleleyo kunye nexesha lokwenyani, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa iimpazamo ezifana nokungena kabini.

Ukujongana nobunzima be-inventri

Ukulawula uluhlu lwempahla ngokufanelekileyo kungqina ukuba kuyingxaki, ngakumbi kumashishini ajongene nentaphane yezinto kunye nezintlu ezincinci. I-ERP yenza lula ulawulo lwe-inventri, inika ulwazi lwexesha lokwenyani kumanqanaba oluhlu kunye nokuxhasa ulawulo olupheleleyo.

Ukuhamba komsebenzi ngokungasebenziyo

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwindlela yokusebenza kudla ngokukhokelela kumceli mngeni wokuhambisana nokukhula kweshishini. I-ERP idala iqonga elidityanisiweyo ledatha kunye nonxibelelwano, okwenza uphuculo olusebenzayo kuwo onke amasebe kunye namanqanaba, ekugqibeleni luzuze umgca osezantsi. Ke ukuba ishishini lakho liyasokola nayo nayiphi na le mingeni, ukujonga izisombululo zeERP kunokuba ngundoqo ekoyiseni imiba eqhelekileyo.

Business Intelligence

I-BI ingqina ukuba ixabiseke kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokuphucula, inika abaphathi ukuqonda kwiimethrikhi zekhonkco lokubonelela kunye nokuququzelela ukuphuculwa kweendlela zokuhambisa. Ukongeza, iqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwezivumelwano zomgangatho wenkonzo, iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo.

Ixabiso eliphambili le-BI lilele kumandla ayo okuqhuba izigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha, ukuguqula idatha ekrwada ibe yinkcazelo enokusetyenzwa eyazisa izenzo zobuchule. Ezi ndidi zilandelayo zohlahlelo zinegalelo kwisindululo sexabiso esineenkalo ezininzi zeBI:

• Uhlalutyo oluchazayo : ukunika ingqiqo kwiziganeko ezidlulileyo kunye neziganeko zangoku, olu hlalutyo luphucula ukuqonda kunye nokuchonga iinkalo zokuphucula ngokusebenzisa iideshibhodi, ukunika ingxelo, ukugcinwa kwedatha, kunye namakhadi amanqaku.
• Uhlalutyo oluqikelelwayo : ukusebenzisa imigodi yedatha, imodeli eqikelelweyo, kunye nokufunda koomatshini, olu hlahlelo lweprojekthi yeziganeko zexesha elizayo kunye nokuvavanya ukuba nokwenzeka kokwenzeka kwazo.
• Uhlalutyo olumiselweyo : ukutyhila izenzo ezichanekileyo zokuthatha, uhlalutyo olucacileyo luvumela ukulungelelaniswa, ukulinganisa, kunye nomzekelo wesigqibo, ukubonelela ngohlalutyo olupheleleyo lokwenziwa kwezigqibo ezinolwazi.

Njengomzekelo, ndingathanda ukubiza igama elithi Cementos Argos, inkampani yesamente edumileyo esebenza kulo lonke elaseMelika, ebonisa impembelelo yenguqu yeBI. Ijongene nesidingo senzuzo yokukhuphisana kunye nokwenza izigqibo eziphuculweyo, inkampani yaseka iziko lohlalutyo lweshishini elizinikeleyo. Ngokwenza utyalo-mali kubahlalutyi beshishini abanamava kunye namaqela enzululwazi yedatha, iCementos Argos isebenzise i-BI ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo zezimali kunye nokufumana ulwazi olunzulu ngokuziphatha kwabathengi, okukhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu engeniso.

Ukukhetha izisombululo ezisebenzayo

Ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nobuchule kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yayo nayiphi na iprojekthi. Ngokuqwalasela ezi zinto, unokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi xa ukhetha izixhobo zolawulo lweprojekthi ezinkulu ezihambelana neemfuno ezizodwa kunye nokutshintsha kweeprojekthi zakho.

Ukufikeleleka

Ngexesha lasemva kwe-COVID, ukufikeleleka kubaluleke kakhulu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Ezona zixhobo zibalaseleyo zolawulo lweprojekthi ngamafu/zisekwe kwiwebhu, zibonelela ngokufikeleleka naphi na kwihlabathi jikelele.

Ingxelo eguqukayo

Ukulawula iiprojekthi zokwakha ngokufanelekileyo, ulwazi lwexesha lokwenyani luyimfuneko. Khetha izixhobo ezibonelela ngengxelo ngoko nangoko, uqinisekise ukuba unombono wakutshanje wokwenza izigqibo unolwazi.

Inkxaso eyomeleleyo

Kwanezona zixhobo zibalaseleyo zinokuhlangabezana nemingeni ngexesha lokuphunyezwa. Khetha izisombululo kubaboneleli ngenkxaso ethembekileyo yabathengi, uqinisekise uncedo olukhawulezayo xa lufuneka.

Ukhuseleko lwedatha

Ukunikezelwa kwexabiso kunye novakalelo lwedatha yokwakha, beka phambili izixhobo kunye nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko elomeleleyo. Ngaphambi kokudityaniswa, phanda umboneleli wesoftware, uqonde imiqathango yokusetyenziswa, kwaye uqiniseke ngemigaqo yokhuseleko ephunyeziweyo ukukhusela idatha yenkampani yakho.

Indibaniselwano engenamthungo

Yazi ukuba isisombululo sesoftware esinye asinakuzalisekisa zonke iimfuno zakho zolawulo lweprojekthi. Khetha izixhobo ezidibanisa ngokungenamthungo kunye nokuseta kwakho okukhoyo, ukuvumela isisombululo esilungiselelweyo nesibambeneyo.

Ngamafutshane, ukuphatha iiprojekthi ezinkulu kuza nemingeni enzima, efana nokulungelelanisa amaqela emisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nokulawula imingcipheko yezemali. I-ERP kunye ne-BI, inokunceda ekuphuculeni inqanaba lolawulo kwaye ifumane ulwazi oluluncedo kwidatha enkulu, ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zolawulo lweprojekthi ngundoqo ekunyuseni imveliso yenkampani yakho. Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku libonelele ngemibono ebalulekileyo kwiingcamango ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yakho yovavanyo.