Bu makaleyi yazıyorum çünkü benimkine benzeyen bir çözüm bulamadım, dolayısıyla çözümüm başkasının işine yarayabilir.
Uygulama
Sınıfları uygulayın
React kancasında durum desenini kullanın
Kodun tamamını kopyalayıp yapıştırabilirsiniz.
Genişletilmiş durum makinesi (Hata durumu, Kopyala-Yapıştır HTML)
Diyagram
Kod
Hangi sorunları çözüyor?
Bu makalenin neden mantıklı olduğunu.
Durum tasarım desenini, refactoring uzmanının önerdiği şekilde uyguluyoruz: https://refactoring.guru/design-patterns/state
class RoomState { #roomClient = null; #roomId = null; constructor(roomClient, roomId) { if (roomClient) { this.#roomClient = roomClient; } if (roomId) { this.roomId = roomId; } } set roomClient(roomClient) { if (roomClient) { this.#roomClient = roomClient; } } get roomClient() { return this.#roomClient; } set roomId(roomId) { if (roomId) { this.#roomId = roomId; } } get roomId() { return this.#roomId; } join(roomId) { throw new Error('Abstract method join(roomId).'); } leave() { throw new Error('Abstract method leave().'); } getStatusMessage() { throw new Error('Abstract method getStatusMessage().'); } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class PingRoomState extends RoomState { join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PongRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { const message = `Left Ping room ${this.roomId}`; this.roomClient.setState(new LeftRoomState(this.roomClient, message)); } getStatusMessage() { return `In the Ping room ${this.roomId}`; } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class PongRoomState extends RoomState { join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PingRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { const message = `Left Pong room ${this.roomId}`; this.roomClient.setState(new LeftRoomState(this.roomClient, message)); } getStatusMessage() { return `In the Pong room ${this.roomId}`; } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class LeftRoomState extends RoomState { #previousRoom = null; constructor(roomClient, previousRoom) { super(roomClient); this.#previousRoom = previousRoom; } join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PingRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { throw new Error(`Can't leave, no room assigned`); } getStatusMessage() { return `Not in any room (previously in ${this.#previousRoom})`; } }
Bu bizim şu ana kadarki durum makinemiz
Bir sonraki sorun: Sınıfları react ile birlikte nasıl kullanırız?
Diğer makaleler useEffect
ve geçerli durumun adını depolamak için bir dize kullanır; uygulamamızı temiz tutmak istiyoruz.
roomClient
, setState
fonksiyonuna bir referansı varsa durumu değiştirebilir.
Sorunlar:
setState
geçiremeyiz.
Çözüm, useState
hemen altında, durum başlatılır başlatılmaz roomClient
öğesini sağlayın.
function useRoomClient() { const [state, setState] = useState(new PingRoomState()); // State contains the class // Initialize once // We can do this thanks to the `set` and `get` methods on // `roomClient` property if (!state.roomClient) { state.roomClient = { setState }; } return state; }
class RoomState { #roomClient = null; #roomId = null; constructor(roomClient, roomId) { if (roomClient) { this.#roomClient = roomClient; } if (roomId) { this.roomId = roomId; } } set roomClient(roomClient) { if (roomClient) { this.#roomClient = roomClient; } } get roomClient() { return this.#roomClient; } set roomId(roomId) { if (roomId) { this.#roomId = roomId; } } get roomId() { return this.#roomId; } join(roomId) { throw new Error('Abstract method join(roomId).'); } leave() { throw new Error('Abstract method leave().'); } getStatusMessage() { throw new Error('Abstract method getStatusMessage().'); } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class PingRoomState extends RoomState { join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PongRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { const message = `Left Ping room ${this.roomId}`; this.roomClient.setState(new LeftRoomState(this.roomClient, message)); } getStatusMessage() { return `In the Ping room ${this.roomId}`; } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class PongRoomState extends RoomState { join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PingRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { const message = `Left Pong room ${this.roomId}`; this.roomClient.setState(new LeftRoomState(this.roomClient, message)); } getStatusMessage() { return `In the Pong room ${this.roomId}`; } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class LeftRoomState extends RoomState { #previousRoom = null; constructor(roomClient, previousRoom) { super(roomClient); this.#previousRoom = previousRoom; } join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PingRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { throw new Error(`Can't leave, no room assigned`); } getStatusMessage() { return `Not in any room (previously in ${this.#previousRoom})`; } } function useRoomClient() { const [state, setState] = useState(new PingRoomState()); // State contains the class // Initialize once // We can do this thanks to the `set` and `get` methods on // `roomClient` property if (!state.roomClient) { state.roomClient = { setState }; } return state; }
Durum makinesini genişletiyoruz çünkü odadan ayrılmaya çalıştığımızda Error
durumuna geçmek istiyoruz ve bu hatalı bir işlemle sonuçlanıyor. getStatusMessage
çağırarak durum mesajlarını görüntülememize olanak tanır.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <div id="root"></div> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/react@18.3.1/umd/react.development.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/react-dom@18.3.1/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script> <script> class RoomState { #roomClient = null; #roomId = null; constructor(roomClient, roomId) { if (roomClient) { this.#roomClient = roomClient; } if (roomId) { this.roomId = roomId; } } set roomClient(roomClient) { if (roomClient) { this.#roomClient = roomClient; } } get roomClient() { return this.#roomClient; } set roomId(roomId) { if (roomId) { this.#roomId = roomId; } } get roomId() { return this.#roomId; } join(roomId) { throw new Error('Abstract method join(roomId).'); } leave() { throw new Error('Abstract method leave().'); } getStatusMessage() { throw new Error('Abstract method getStatusMessage().'); } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class PingRoomState extends RoomState { join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PongRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { const message = `Left Ping room ${this.roomId}`; this.roomClient.setState(new LeftRoomState(this.roomClient, message)); } getStatusMessage() { return `In the Ping room ${this.roomId}`; } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class PongRoomState extends RoomState { join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PingRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { const message = `Left Pong room ${this.roomId}`; this.roomClient.setState(new LeftRoomState(this.roomClient, message)); } getStatusMessage() { return `In the Pong room ${this.roomId}`; } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- class LeftRoomState extends RoomState { #previousRoom = null; constructor(roomClient, previousRoom) { super(roomClient); this.#previousRoom = previousRoom; } join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PingRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { // Extend to shift to error state this.roomClient.setState( new ErrorRoomState( this.roomClient, new Error(`Can't leave, no room assigned`), ), ); } getStatusMessage() { return `Not in any room (previously in ${this.#previousRoom})`; } } // Extend our state machine to hold one more state. class ErrorRoomState extends RoomState { #error = null; constructor(roomClient, error) { super(roomClient); this.#error = error; } join(roomId) { this.roomClient.setState(new PingRoomState(this.roomClient, roomId)); } leave() { // Do nothing... We can't move anywhere. We handled error. } getStatusMessage() { return `An error occurred. ${this.#error.message}`; } } const { useState } = React; function useRoomClient() { const [state, setState] = useState(new PingRoomState()); // State contains the class // Initialize once // We can do this thanks to the `set` and `get` methods on // `roomClient` property if (!state.roomClient) { state.roomClient = { setState }; } return state; } // ---------------------------------------------------------------------- // Usage example // ---------------------------------------------------------------------- const e = React.createElement; function useWithError(obj) {} function App() { const roomClient = useRoomClient(); return e( 'div', null, e('h1', null, 'Change room state'), e('p', null, `Status message: ${roomClient.getStatusMessage()}`), e( 'div', null, e('button', { onClick: () => roomClient.join('a') }, 'Join'), e('button', { onClick: () => roomClient.leave() }, 'Leave'), ), ); } const { createRoot } = ReactDOM; const root = document.getElementById('root'); createRoot(root).render(React.createElement(App)); </script> </body> </html>
Google'da state design pattern
aradığımda, ilk sonuçlarım bunlardı
3 sonuca bağlantılar:
react state design pattern
aramak, https://refactoring.guru/design-patterns/state adresindeki uygulamaya hiç benzemeyen uygulamalar verir
Arama sonuçlarına bağlantılar: