Real-world asset tokenization has moved from theoretical promise to institutional reality in 2025. Real-world asset tokenization has moved from theoretical promise to institutional reality in 2025. But behind the headlines of billion-dollar RWA markets lies a fundamental infrastructure challenge: traditional financial institutions require security, compliance, and operational frameworks that existing blockchain networks weren't designed to provide. Ivo Grigorov, CEO of Real Finance, brings both banking expertise and blockchain conviction to this problem, having worked in traditional finance since 2016 while building in crypto markets. With $29M in backing from Nimbus Capital and Magnus Capital, Real Finance is architecting a Layer 1 blockchain that integrates risk assessors, insurers, and tokenization firms directly into consensus, aiming to tokenize $500M in assets within its first year. Real Finance https://x.com/RealFinOfficial/status/1998780396775907753?embedable=true https://x.com/RealFinOfficial/status/1998780396775907753?embedable=true We spoke with Ivo about the technical and business realities of bringing institutional capital on-chain, why existing infrastructure falls short, and what it takes to build financial rails that traditional banks will actually use. Ishan Pandey: You’ve worked in traditional banking and have been active in blockchain since 2016. What specific problem in the RWA tokenization market convinced you that a new Layer 1 infrastructure was necessary, rather than building on existing chains? Ishan Pandey: You’ve worked in traditional banking and have been active in blockchain since 2016. What specific problem in the RWA tokenization market convinced you that a new Layer 1 infrastructure was necessary, rather than building on existing chains? Ivo Grigorov: The core issue is that existing blockchains were never designed to handle financial risk as a first-class concept. Most chains treat RWAs as simple tokens while pushing risk assessment, insurance, and accountability off-chain. That model might work for crypto-native assets, but it fundamentally breaks down for banks and regulated institutions. Ivo Grigorov: In traditional finance, risk classification, capital backing, and disaster recovery are not optional layers - they are the system itself. When I looked at existing L1s, there was no way to enforce honest asset onboarding, penalize misclassification, or embed insurance directly into protocol logic. That’s when it became clear that RWA tokenization requires a purpose-built financial blockchain, not a workaround on top of generalized infrastructure. Ishan Pandey: You’re targeting $500M in tokenized assets in year one. What asset classes are you prioritizing, and what bottlenecks do you encounter when onboarding each category? Ishan Pandey: You’re targeting $500M in tokenized assets in year one. What asset classes are you prioritizing, and what bottlenecks do you encounter when onboarding each category? Ivo Grigorov: We’re prioritizing cash-flow-generating assets where tokenization brings immediate efficiency: real estate debt, private credit, trade receivables, structured notes, and certain bond-like instruments. Ivo Grigorov: Each category has different bottlenecks. Real estate requires clear ownership structures and long-term insurance coverage. Private credit needs reliable probability-of-default modeling and transparency around collateral. Receivables require strong verification and short settlement cycles. The common challenge across all of them is trust - specifically, how to make risk, insurance coverage, and enforcement transparent and verifiable on-chain. REAL’s model addresses this by embedding tokenizers, risk scorers, and insurers directly into consensus with staking and slashing, so those bottlenecks are handled at the protocol level rather than through manual oversight. Ishan Pandey: How does Real’s embedded risk framework and disaster recovery mechanism function at the protocol level, and how do you convince institutional risk officers it meets their standards? Ishan Pandey: How does Real’s embedded risk framework and disaster recovery mechanism function at the protocol level, and how do you convince institutional risk officers it meets their standards? Ivo Grigorov: At the protocol level, every asset on REAL is onboarded through a defined pipeline: tokenization, risk scoring, and optionally insurance. Each of these functions is performed by a business validator that must stake $ASSET tokens and can be penalized if their performance deviates from reality. Ivo Grigorov: The Disaster Recovery Fund is critical. If an insurance validator fails to meet obligations, the protocol issues network debt tokens that are repaid over time through redirected consensus rewards - without minting new inflation. This is very familiar to risk officers because it mirrors how loss-absorption and resolution mechanisms work in traditional finance. What convinces institutions is not promises, but structure. When they see that risk, insurance, penalties, and recovery are enforced by code and economic incentives - not governance discretion - the conversation changes completely. Ishan Pandey: What does integration look like when a regulated bank wants to use Real Finance’s infrastructure? Ishan Pandey: What does integration look like when a regulated bank wants to use Real Finance’s infrastructure? Ivo Grigorov: Banks don’t “plug in” overnight. Integration usually starts with a limited pilot: one asset class, one jurisdiction, one issuance structure. From a technical perspective, they interact with REAL through permissioned onboarding flows, while still benefiting from a permissionless settlement layer. Ivo Grigorov: Regulatory hurdles vary by jurisdiction - reporting requirements, custody rules, and investor eligibility differ significantly between, say, Panama and Austria. That’s why REAL focuses on being regulation-aware but not regulation-specific. We provide standardized primitives - risk classes, insurance coverage, metadata - while allowing institutions to comply locally. The key is that banks don’t need to abandon their existing processes. REAL complements them by turning those processes into verifiable on-chain logic. As well as benefiting the on-chain actions by giving them a trusted party for custody of the RWAs. Ishan Pandey: Nimbus Capital’s commitment is structured differently than traditional VC. What does that signal about institutional capital’s view of RWA infrastructure? Ishan Pandey: Nimbus Capital’s commitment is structured differently than traditional VC. What does that signal about institutional capital’s view of RWA infrastructure? Ivo Grigorov: It signals a shift from speculative investment to capital deployment. Nimbus isn’t betting on token price appreciation - they’re committing capital tied to an infrastructure which will accommodate real assets that will be tokenized and settled on REAL. Ivo Grigorov: That’s exactly the kind of alignment we want. It shows institutions are evaluating RWA infrastructure the same way they evaluate clearing systems or settlement rails: based on reliability, risk management, and capital efficiency, not hype cycles. Ishan Pandey: Why is 2025 different from three years ago for RWA tokenization? Ishan Pandey: Why is 2025 different from three years ago for RWA tokenization? Ivo Grigorov: Three years ago, regulation was unclear, infrastructure was immature, and institutions were still experimenting conceptually. Today, regulatory frameworks are clearer, balance sheets are under pressure to find yield, and blockchain tooling has matured enough to support real operations. Most importantly, institutions now understand that doing nothing is riskier than experimenting. Tokenization is no longer a marketing exercise - it’s becoming a competitive necessity. Ishan Pandey: How does your traditional banking background influence REAL’s design? Ishan Pandey: How does your traditional banking background influence REAL’s design? Ivo Grigorov: Certain concepts are non-negotiable: risk classification, capital backing, accountability, and recovery mechanisms. Those must exist in any system that touches real money. Ivo Grigorov: What blockchain allows us to reimagine is enforcement. Instead of policy documents and committees, we use staking, slashing, and transparent metadata. Instead of opaque risk models, we put assumptions on-chain. REAL is essentially traditional financial logic enforced by cryptoeconomics. Ishan Pandey: How do regional regulatory differences affect REAL’s architecture? Ishan Pandey: How do regional regulatory differences affect REAL’s architecture? Ivo Grigorov: We’re building a universal protocol layer, not region-specific chains. The core primitives - asset classes, risk grades, insurance coverage - are globally understandable. Jurisdictional requirements are handled at the onboarding and application layer. Ivo Grigorov: This approach allows REAL to scale across Europe, the Middle East, and Asia without fragmenting liquidity or security. Ishan Pandey: What advice would you give founders building institutional-grade blockchain infrastructure? Ishan Pandey: What advice would you give founders building institutional-grade blockchain infrastructure? Ivo Grigorov: Stop optimizing for crypto-native preferences alone. Institutions don’t care about novelty - they care about risk, accountability, and failure modes. Ivo Grigorov: If your system can’t clearly answer “what happens when something goes wrong,” it’s not ready for institutional capital. Build for that first, and adoption will follow. Don’t forget to like and share the story! This author is an independent contributor publishing via our business blogging program. HackerNoon has reviewed the report for quality, but the claims herein belong to the author. #DYO This author is an independent contributor publishing via our business blogging program. HackerNoon has reviewed the report for quality, but the claims herein belong to the author. #DYO This author is an independent contributor publishing via our business blogging program. HackerNoon has reviewed the report for quality, but the claims herein belong to the author. #DYO business blogging program business blogging program

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Ivo Grigorov on Building a $500M Layer 1 Blockchain for Traditional Banks

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