Few words before we start When you create a website or application, it means you are ready to show it thousands of people on the internet. Your customer/audience may be legit, but some of them will try to tamper your application. So you need to follow the following golden rules “ ” Never trust your audience when it comes to your application’s security Always validate the user input before getting it into the server. Always encode the user inputs before printing them on to the screen. helmet The helmet is really like a helmet for your applications. It protects your application by setting up various . HTTP headers const express require('express')const helmet require('helmet')const app express()app.use(helmet()) = = = express-session The middleware stores session data on the server; it only saves the session ID in the cookie itself, not session data. express-session var app = express()app.set('trust proxy', 1) // trust first proxyapp.use(session({secret: 'keyboard cat',resave: false,saveUninitialized: true,cookie: {secure: true}})) cookie-session A simple cookie-based session middleware, that allows storing cookies.It does not require any database/resources on the server side, though the total session data cannot exceed the browser’s max cookie size. var cookieSession = require('cookie-session')var express = require('express')var app = express()app.use(cookieSession({name: 'session',keys: [ /* secret keys */ ],// Cookie OptionsmaxAge: 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000 // 24 hours})) JOI Object schema description language and validator for JavaScript objects by . It is very useful to validate the user input. hapi const Joi = require('joi');const schema = Joi.object().keys({username: Joi.string().alphanum().min(3).max(30).required(),password: Joi.string().regex(/^[a-zA-Z0-9]{3,30}$/),access_token: [Joi.string(), Joi.number()],birthyear: Joi.number().integer().min(1900).max(2013),email: Joi.string().email({minDomainAtoms: 2})}).with('username', 'birthyear').without('password', 'access_token');// Return result.const result = Joi.validate({username: 'abc',birthyear: 1994}, schema);// result.error === null -> valid// You can also pass a callback which will be called synchronously with the validation result.Joi.validate({username: 'abc',birthyear: 1994}, schema, function(err, value) {}); // err === null -> valid express-rate-limit You may aware of the . express-rate-limit is a middleware for express routes that rate-limits incoming requests, increasing the delay with each request in a Fibonacci-like sequence. brute force attack const rateLimit = require("express-rate-limit"); app.enable("trust proxy"); const limiter = rateLimit({windowMs: 15 * 60 * 1000,max: 100}); //  apply to all requestsapp.use(limiter); express-jwt-permissions A middleware that checks JWT tokens for permissions. It is very useful to build a user access control system. var guard require('express-jwt-permissions')() = app.use(guard.check('admin')) express-mongo-sanitize Express middleware which sanitizes user-supplied data to prevent MongoDB Operator Injection. var express = require('express'),bodyParser = require('body-parser'),mongoSanitize = require('express-mongo-sanitize');var app = express();app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({extended: true}));app.use(bodyParser.json());// To remove data, use:app.use(mongoSanitize());// Or, to replace prohibited characters with _, use:app.use(mongoSanitize({replaceWith: '_'})) hpp middleware to To know more read Express protect against HTTP Parameter Pollution attacks. Chetan Karande’s slides var express = require('express'),bodyParser = require('body-parser');var app = express();// ...var hpp = require('hpp');// ...// Make sure the body is parsed beforehand.app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded()); app.use(hpp()); // <- THIS IS THE NEW LINE // Add your own middlewares afterwards, e.g.:app.get('/search', function(req, res, next) { /* ... */ });// They are safe from HTTP Parameter Pollution now. dotenv Dotenv is a zero-dependency module that loads environment variables from a file into . Storing configuration in the environment separate from code is based on methodology. .env process.env. The Twelve-Factor App var express = require('express'),bodyParser = require('body-parser'),dotenv = require('dotenv');var app = express(); dotenv.config();dotenv.config({path: "../.env"}); csurf The csurf is a protection middleware. CSRF var cookieParser = require('cookie-parser')var csrf = require('csurf')var bodyParser = require('body-parser')var express = require('express')// setup route middlewaresvar csrfProtection = csrf({cookie: true})var parseForm = bodyParser.urlencoded({extended: false})// create express appvar app = express()// parse cookies// we need this because "cookie" is true in csrfProtectionapp.use(cookieParser())app.get('/form', csrfProtection, function(req, res) {// pass the csrfToken to the viewres.render('send', {csrfToken: req.csrfToken()})})app.post('/process', parseForm, csrfProtection, function(req, res) {res.send('data is being processed')}) I wish you happy coding. If you enjoyed this article, please clap it up and share it so that others can find it!

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