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Billions of dollars in venture capital have poured into direct-to-consumer (D2C) brands over the past ten years, funding hundreds of upstart brands challenging the incumbents in product category. These brands, once by investors, are now raising multi-million dollar rounds pre-launch and recruiting top talent. nearly every ignored There’s no question that there’s hype around the D2C space, but we’ve seen far less interest in the infrastructure that allows these brands to scale. D2C brands uniquely own every step of their production and distribution process — from product design to packaging to marketing to fulfillment. New brands can struggle to put all these pieces together, while established brands face challenges like figuring out how to serve an international audience and maintaining growth in a capital-efficient way. We see a huge opportunity for the rise of tools that better serve these brands, and we’re excited to share our research on companies in this space and areas where we hope to see further development. If you’re working on something in the D2C infrastructure space, please email us at twins@crv.com — we’d love to talk to you! Playbook for New Brands We’ve compiled a list of the tools we see D2C brands using today, based on our conversations with dozens of brands and data from Siftery . Product Design & Development Most brands handle design and development of products in-house, sometimes with heavy input from customers, which Glossier (and more brands are exploring via Instagram Stories and surveys). The development process typically involves finding a factory or manufacturing partner with expertise in the space, and working closely with them. famously does However, we’ve found a few startups that are aiming to use tech in the product development process. and offer this for 3D-printed products, while and do the same for hardware. and all focus on fashion, doing smaller production runs with quick turnaround times. (customers include , and ), and ( ) both work across industries. Voodoo Manufacturing Shapeways Shape Prototype , Kickr Design , Seeed Studios CALA , IndieSource , Nineteenth Amendment Parcel Supply Birchbox, S’well Blue Apron PCH International Walker and Company, Fitbit, Blaze Manufacturing Many brands find manufacturers through their personal networks or referrals, but there are also established marketplaces that connect companies with domestic and international factories — , , , , and are a few examples. Some of the newer players cater to younger brands who are concerned about eco-friendliness, quality control, and social responsibility — ( , ), , , and (fashion-specific) are a few examples. MFG.com Kompass Alibaba IndiaMart ThomasNet Anvyl LOLA, Hims, S’well Native Sourcify Maker’s Row Sewport Financing There’s a number of firms that focus on consumer brands, many of which combine an investment with incubation or branding, advertising, or other support. is a major player in this space — the company offers as well as financing options, as is is a newer firm that focuses on brands doing $1M+ in annual revenue. CircleUp credit equity Indie.vc . Assembled Brands Other funds include , , , , and invest exclusively in food and beverage. , , and (beauty-focused) all serve as accelerators that combine funding with agency-like support. Outroll Ventures Unilever Ventures Touchdown Ventures Beechwood Capital Simon Capital , Elizabeth Street , VTF Capital *. AccelFoods , First Beverage Group , Distill Ventures Bullish The Brandery SKU , XRC Labs , Sephora Accelerate and remain a popular way to fund an initial production run, as well as equity crowdfunding platforms like , , , and . Along with traditional credit options like small business loans (also offered via startups like , , and ), there are also a few new credit options catered directly to D2C brands. These include , (working capital), and (marketing funding). does the same via merchant cash advances and loans. Kickstarter Indiegogo SeedInvest Crowdfunder Republic Wefunder Fundbox SnapCap Kickfurther CircleUp Credit Advisors Dwight Funding Clearbanc Shopify Capital Inventory Management Inventory management and forecasting are crucial for young brands that are short on cash and storage space. Forecasting is complicated by the fact that these brands can have “viral” moments that are difficult to predict and lead to long waitlists. Like most other software categories, there are existing inventory management solutions (Netsuite, Workday, SAP, etc.). However, the pricing, features, and implementation often don’t work for early-stage, high growth companies. A few startup platforms that cater to D2C brands — ( , ) and ( ). Other options that are popular amongst e-commerce more broadly are , , , , , , and . Fuse Inventory Glossier, LOLA, MeUndies Snowe Stitch Labs Brooklinen, Thinx TradeGecko Finale Lightspeed Retail Ops Unleashed Veeqo Brightpearl Branding Many brands do this in-house, especially if they have a designer on the team or can easily consult with an expert. , and are a few of the more popular tools for managing brand assets, and some also include tools or design space for generating these assets. It’s also common to hire a freelancer on a platform like , , , , , and . Canva , Brandfolder , Bynder , Outfit , OpenBrand Frontify 99Designs , DesignCrowd Dribbble Behance Upwork Toptal Fiverr A number of design agencies have risen to fame for their work with top D2C brands — ( )and ( ) are two of the most popular. Others include ( ) ( ) ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), and ( . Red Antler Casper, Allbirds, Keeps, Brandless Gin Lane Hims, Sweetgreen, Harry’s, Stadium Goods Pentagram Buffy, Tender Greens, The Wing , Condensed Pair Eyewear, Num Num, Keepers , Partners & Spade Allbirds, Flamingo, Warby Parker , M. Gemi Collins Heyday, Nourish, Archer Farms Motto Even, Keetsa, Crown & Buckle Circus Maximus Roman, Bombfell High Tide Warby Parker, Casper, LOLA) Marketing Like traditional e-commerce companies, many D2C brands devote most of their marketing dollars to Facebook, Instagram, and Google. There is a sea of marketing software tools for new brands to manage this spend. To get a sense of what both early and late-stage brands are using, we used to check out the marketing stack for the top 15 most well-funded D2C brands, as well as the 29 brands who raised a VC seed round last year. We’ve included below platforms that were used by five or more brands out of this group. Siftery Most of the brands we surveyed used at least one option in each of the sub-categories above, making it by far the most complex area of the stack we examined. Seed-stage brands were more likely to experiment with similarly early-stage marketing platforms (perhaps because they are the most hungry to acquire customers!)—particularly in categories that go beyond the basics like referrals, re-targeting, and conversion. We know many brands are also using tools to schedule and post content to social media, which wouldn’t show up in a Siftery stack. Examples include (Instagram scheduler), (Twitter scheduler) as well as cross-platform schedulers and — which we’ve included in the “Customer Success” map below as they also support customer service. Later Tweetdeck Sprout Social Buffer Customer Success Similar to marketing, many of the customer success platforms built for traditional e-commerce seem to be working for D2C brands. Unlike marketing, however, we found most D2C brands used a fairly tight set of customer success solutions — most commonly a live chat tool ( and were the top two), an email/ticketing system ( and —which all also offer social support) and a social-focused service platform ( and ) Olark Zendesk Zendesk , Kustomer , Gorgias , Conversocial Sprout . We’ve also included customer review systems in the “Customer Success” category — though they could arguably be considered “Marketing” tools as well. and were by far the most-used platforms in this category. Yotpo Okendo Commerce & Payments Almost all of the seed-stage D2C brands we surveyed used either or as their commerce platform, while later-stage brands commonly used to process payments. About half of the 43 brands we looked at also used one or more of the following: and is another newer option that handles checkout, analytics, and fraud protection. Shopify Magento Stripe Google Wallet , Paypal , Apple Pay , Amazon Payments . Bolt Payments Outside of the core payment processing functionality, almost all of the subscription-based D2C brands we looked at used for their billing, and several of the later-stage brands used a fraud protection solution like and Brands with higher-priced items also often implements solutions to allow customers to pay over time — with platforms like , , and . ReCharge Payments Riskified Signifiyd . Affirm Klarna Quadpay Fulfillment, Shipping, & Returns We’ve discussed Inventory Management above, so in this category we‘ve focused on packaging, shipping and fulfillment, and returns. In packaging, arguably the most well-known brand is ( ) but many earlier-stage brands that struggle with Lumi’s prices and minimums turn to and also have quite a bit of traction in this space. Lumi Parachute, MeUndies, Rockets of Awesome Packlane . Arka Pakible On the shipping side, ( ), , and are three of the most popular options, though some brands ship directly via USPS or FedEx. helps companies offer same-day delivery. , , , , , and are other popular 3PL and fulfillment options for D2C brands and e-commerce more broadly. Shippo MeUndies, Ipsy, Hims ShipStation ShipBob Darkstore Flexe ShipHero RubyHas Quiet Logistics ID Logistics Dotcom Distribution , Fosdick and are focused on international shipping, which remains a huge problem for brands of all sizes. Brands use platforms like and to help customers track orders. On the returns side, and (sometimes used together!) are the two most popular options we found, with and as other common options. Passport Shipping , Flow , FlavorCloud Arrive , Newgistics , AfterShip , Narvar Returnly Happy Returns ReturnMagic Narvar Brick & Mortar Space As we’ve , D2C brands are increasingly experimenting with physical retail space — usually via pop-ups or by renting shelf space in their early days, and then setting up permanent stores further down the line. The last few years has seen the birth of many startups that aim to help brands tackle this without having to hire a broker or realtor. written about before In the shelf or display space category, some of the biggest contenders are (with an online marketplace and three stores in NYC), (focused on consumer hardware) (in Edmonton and Minneapolis), (Plano, TX), (NoHo in NYC), and (SF). On the short-term or pop-up side, and all offer solutions. assists with longer-term retail placements alongside (formerly thisopenspace), a CRV portfolio company that also helps smaller brands find short-term and shelf space. Bulletin b8ta Fourpost Neighborhood Goods Showfields Re:Store Storefront , AppearHere , Go-PopUp Leap Uppercase (customers include and ), also helps D2C brands with retail — but with a focus on connecting companies to vendors and service providers who can manage store operations. This includes maintenance, events, dry cleaning, and other custom services that brands may not have the time or expertise to set up themselves. Worksmith Outdoor Voices, Casper, Bonobos, Stance What’s Left To Build? There are several areas where we see considerable room for improvement on existing solutions, as well as other categories that have yet to be tackled. Here are just a few areas of opportunity we are particularly excited about: CACs continue to rise on Instagram and Facebook — though consumers remain excited to try new brands, it’s hard to cut through the noise on social feeds. Many brands are turning to cross-promotions with other brands to lower acquisition costs, and sites like have popped up to aggregate brands. We’ve also seen new entrants focus on dominating specific product categories (e.g. in beauty) or distribution via friend referrals (e.g. ). We’re excited to see more scalable, software-based solutions for brands to reach the right customer. Discovery. Newfound Supergreat MASSE It’s surprising how hard it is for brands large and small to ship internationally — just take a look at the variety of products on ! Because D2C brands advertise heavily on social media, where content can be shared globally (even if ads target a domestic audience), it’s especially important to be able to serve these potential customers. We’re very excited about starting to tackle this problem, and are looking forward to seeing these solutions expand to more brands. International Shipping. Grabr Passport , FlavorCloud , Flow We continue to see D2C brands struggle to finance their inventory, particularly given that they often can’t negotiate favorable payment terms with manufacturers early on. This results in many companies raising more venture funding (and taking more dilution) than they need to scale. , , , and have been making progress in providing working capital to brands, and we’re interested in watching how this space evolves. Financing. Clearbanc Assembled Brands Dwight Funding CircleUp As shown by the many categories above, brands have to piece together and manage a huge amount of different resources just to get a first product out the door. This can be especially overwhelming for small teams running on limited capital, who don’t have partnerships or contracts with larger retailers. It will likely take more time and capital in the space, but we’d be excited to see something closer to an end-to-end solution (even just for one category!) that simplifies brand operations. is one example — as well as serving as a subscription platform for brands like , , and , they also offer fulfillment, customer service, and business intelligence. Resource Aggregation. OceanX Ladder Cora Seed Thanks for reading! If you’re working on something in this space, please email us at twins@crv.com — we’d love to hear from you! Like this post? to help more people see our story, and share it with your friends! Clap for it Interested in reading more content from us? You can subscribe to our weekly newsletter, , for more insights on millennial and Gen Z trends: Accelerated https://accelerated.carrd.co/ Thank you to Saar Gur for his help with this post.

D2C 2.0: The Rise of Infrastructure

PRINCE HARRY. MATCHMAKING.

The House of the Dead; or, Prison Life in Siberia by Fyodor Dostoyevsky is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book here . INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION "The Russian nation is a new and wonderful phenomenon in the history of mankind. The character of the people differs to such a degree from that of the other Europeans that their neighbours find it impossible to diagnose them." This affirmation by Dostoïeffsky, the prophetic journalist, offers a key to the treatment in his novels of the troubles and aspirations of his race. He wrote with a sacramental fervour whether he was writing as a personal agent or an impersonal, novelist or journalist. Hence his rage with the calmer men, more gracious interpreters of the modern Sclav, who like Ivan Tourguenieff were able to see Russia on a line with the western nations, or to consider her maternal throes from the disengaged, safe retreat of an arm-chair exile in Paris. Not so was l'âme Russe to be given her new literature in the eyes of M. Dostoïeffsky, strained with watching, often red with tears and anger. Those other nations, he said—proudly looking for the symptoms of the world-intelligence in his own—those other nations of Europe may maintain that they have at heart a common aim and a common ideal. In fact they are divided among themselves by a thousand interests, territorial or other. Each pulls his own way with ever-growing determination. It would seem that every individual nation aspires to the discovery of the universal ideal for humanity, and is bent on attaining that ideal by force of its own unaided strength. Hence, he argued, each European nation is an enemy to its own welfare and that of the world in general. To this very disassociation he attributed, without quite understanding the rest of us, our not understanding the Russian people, and our taxing them with "a lack of personality." We failed to perceive their rare synthetic power—that faculty of the Russian mind to read the aspirations of the whole of human kind. Among his own folk, he avowed, we would find none of the imperviousness, the intolerance, of the average European. The Russian adapts himself with ease to the play of contemporary thought and has no difficulty in assimilating any new idea. He sees where it will help his fellow-creatures and where it fails to be of value. He divines the process by which ideas, even the most divergent, the most hostile to one another, may meet and blend. Possibly, recognising this, M. Dostoïeffsky was the more concerned not to be too far depolarised, or say de-Russified, in his own works of fiction. But in truth he had no need to fear any weakening of his natural fibre and racial proclivities, or of the authentic utterance wrung out of him by the hard and cruel thongs of experience. We see the rigorous sincerity of his record again in the sheer autobiography contained in the present work, The House of the Dead. It was in the fatal winter of 1849 when he was with many others, mostly very young men like himself, sentenced to death for his liberal political propaganda; a sentence which was at the last moment commuted to imprisonment in the Siberian prisons. Out of that terror, which turned youth grey, was distilled the terrible reality of The House of the Dead. If one would truly fathom how deep that reality is, and what its phenomenon in literature amounts to, one should turn again to that favourite idyllic book of youth, by my countrywoman Mme. Cottin, Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia, and compare, for example, the typical scene of Elizabeth's sleep in the wooden chapel in the snow, where she ought to have been frozen to death but fared very comfortably, with the Siberian actuality of Dostoïeffsky. But he was no idyllist, though he could be tender as Mme. Cottin herself. What he felt about these things you can tell from his stories. If a more explicit statement in the theoretic side be asked of him, take this plain avowal from his confession books of 1870-77:— "There is no denying that the people are morally ill, with a grave, although not a mortal, malady, one to which it is difficult to assign a name. May we call it 'An unsatisfied thirst for truth'? The people are seeking eagerly and untiringly for truth and for the ways that lead to it, but hitherto they have failed in their search. After the liberation of the serfs, this great longing for truth appeared among the people—for truth perfect and entire, and with it the resurrection of civic life. There was a clamouring for a 'new Gospel'; new ideas and feelings became manifest; and a great hope rose up among the people believing that these great changes were precursors of a state of things which never came to pass." There is the accent of his hope and his despair. Let it prove to you the conviction with which he wrote these tragic pages, one that is affecting at this moment the destiny of Russia and the spirit of us who watch her as profoundly moved spectators. JULIUS BRAMONT. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1996). Notes from the Underground. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved October https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/600/pg600-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org , located at https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html.

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