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Portfolio Management: All The Ways AI Is Transforming Modern Asset Strategies

পোর্টফোলিও ম্যানেজমেন্ট: সমস্ত উপায় এআই আধুনিক সম্পদ কৌশলগুলিকে রূপান্তরিত করছে

Portfoliomanagement: Wie KI moderne Anlagestrategien verändert

Gestión de carteras: todas las formas en que la IA está transformando las estrategias de activos modernas

Gestion de portefeuille : toutes les façons dont l'IA transforme les stratégies d'actifs modernes

पोर्टफोलियो प्रबंधन: वे सभी तरीके जिनसे AI आधुनिक परिसंपत्ति रणनीतियों को बदल रहा है

ポートフォリオ管理: AI が現代の資産戦略をどのように変革しているか

포트폴리오 관리: AI가 현대 자산 전략을 변화시키는 모든 방법

Gerenciamento de portfólio: todas as maneiras pelas quais a IA está transformando as estratégias modernas de ativos

Управление портфелем: все способы, которыми ИИ трансформирует современные стратегии управления активами

Portföy Yönetimi: Yapay Zekanın Modern Varlık Stratejilerini Dönüştürdüğü Tüm Yollar

Quản lý danh mục đầu tư: Tất cả các cách AI đang chuyển đổi các chiến lược tài sản hiện đại

投资组合管理：人工智能正在改变现代资产战略

The mobile gaming market has exploded in recent years, with projections indicating it will reach a value of $116.4 billion by the end of the year. Casual games account for a substantial portion of this market. The casual art style shows no signs of slowing down; it’s proven effective and popular for several reasons: Lightweight designs that shine on mobile, ensuring smooth gameplay even on weaker devices.
Simple visuals that are instantly grasped and ideal for casual players seeking quick fun.
Bold styles that stand out in crowded app stores, grabbing attention and sparking curiosity. This article, based on public data and insights from experts at a leading 2D art studio, Inkration, provides an overview of the top 2D mobile casual game art styles in 2024 and elucidates the characteristics that have contributed to and will likely continue raising their popularity. Some of the Most Popular Casual Art Styles of the Recent Years Flat art: Clean, two-dimensional shapes with bold colors and outlines. This style, often humorously simple, thrives on mobile games due to its performance efficiency and readability on smaller screens. Think of Crossy Road or Donut County for perfect examples. Cel Shading: Inspired by traditional animation, this style features bold outlines, flat colors separated by dark lines, and a dynamic, comic-book-like feel. Action and fighting games like Guilty Gear leverage its high-energy vibe, while adventure games like The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker utilize it for immersive storytelling. Minimalism: Minimalism focuses on essential elements, limited color palettes, and simple geometric shapes. This can evoke tranquility, elegance, or even mystery. Puzzle games like Monument Valley benefit from their clean visuals and clear mechanics, while relaxation apps like Calm find serenity in their calming aesthetics. Cartoonish: The style includes bright colors, exaggerated character expressions, and textured brush-stroke backgrounds. Titles like Genshin Impact show that there is a large audience for cartoon aesthetics. What Casual Art Style to Choose for a Mobile Game in 2024 and Why Partnering With Experts is a Good Idea? Each of the aforementioned casual styles possesses unique merits. However, the choice must always be guided by considerations such as the game’s genre, developer expertise, and preferences of the target audience. Flat Art Accessibility: Simple shapes and bold colors translate beautifully across devices, making it perfect for the mobile gaming boom.
Performance: Flat art's lightweight nature ensures smooth gameplay even on less powerful devices, making it a mobile developer's dream.
Uniqueness: Flat art's distinct look allows for creative expression and humor, setting your casual game or art apart. How Casual Art Experts Help Make It Special While the style is seemingly basic, experts can add subtle details, lighting effects, and animations to elevate flat art beyond its two-dimensional origins.
Experts can push the boundaries of flat art, incorporating new textures, color palettes, and animation styles to keep it fresh and engaging. Cel Shading Dynamics: Cel shading's dynamic style injects casual games and art with action-packed energy, perfect for fighting games and vibrant adventures. Storytelling: Bold outlines and flat colors create a distinct visual language, emphasizing key moments and character expressions, making it ideal for narrative-driven experiences. Nostalgia: Cel shading taps into that sense of fun and familiarity, resonating with players of all ages. How an Expert’s Touch Helps Leveraging the power of linework and color, experts can evoke specific emotions and moods, enhancing the overall experience. Cel shading can be resource-intensive. Experts know how to optimize it for different platforms without compromising the visual impact. Minimalism Focus: Clean visuals and essential elements create a calming and clutter-free experience, perfect for puzzle games and relaxation apps. Mystery: Minimalism can leave room for interpretation, sparking curiosity and imagination in players and viewers. Timelessness: Simple and elegant design transcends trends, making minimalist art and games age gracefully. Advantages of Working With Experts Empty space is just as important as filled space. Experts understand how to use negative space effectively to guide the user's eye and create visual interest. Minimalism isn't just about subtraction. Experts can introduce subtle variations, textures, and interactions to keep it engaging. Cartoonish Universal Appeal: From slapstick humor to heartwarming stories, the cartoonish style connects with audiences of all ages and backgrounds. Fun: Oversized features, vibrant colors, and playful proportions inject lightheartedness and humor into games and art. Variety: The style can be adapted to any setting, genre, or theme, from whimsical animal adventures to quirky slice-of-life stories. How Professionals Can Make it Stand Out Experts can imbue characters of a casual game with personality, emotions, and humor through expressive designs and animations. Professionals can leverage the cartoonish style to craft immersive environments that spark imagination and wonder. Casual Art From Inkration Studio As you can see, the dominance of casual art is completely warranted as it connects, through its various styles, with audiences in many different ways. To implement it flawlessly and without hiccups, many game publishers choose to outsource 2D art for mobile games. This approach provides them access to top-notch casual art services, unlocks global talent, boosts efficiency, and cuts costs. Inkration stands as one of the most distinguished game art studios, renowned for its captivating artwork and a wide range of casual art services. Utilizing cutting-edge tools and technologies, the vendor’s highly skilled artists consistently deliver top-tier solutions. Their Behance page, boasting 50,000+ subscribers and over 1,700,000 project views, reflects the widespread acclaim and recognition they've garnered within the gaming community. Contact Inkration if you’re interested in getting high-level 2d game art services and starting a partnership that can not only enhance your game's visual appeal but also ensure its enduring success in the competitive gaming landscape. The mobile gaming market has exploded in recent years, with projections indicating it will reach a value of $116.4 billion by the end of the year. Casual games account for a substantial portion of this market. The mobile gaming market has exploded in recent years, with projections indicating it will reach a value of $116.4 billion by the end of the year. Casual games account for a substantial portion of this market. The casual art style shows no signs of slowing down; it’s proven effective and popular for several reasons: Lightweight designs that shine on mobile, ensuring smooth gameplay even on weaker devices. Simple visuals that are instantly grasped and ideal for casual players seeking quick fun. Bold styles that stand out in crowded app stores, grabbing attention and sparking curiosity. Lightweight designs that shine on mobile, ensuring smooth gameplay even on weaker devices. Simple visuals that are instantly grasped and ideal for casual players seeking quick fun. Bold styles that stand out in crowded app stores, grabbing attention and sparking curiosity. This article, based on public data and insights from experts at a leading 2D art studio, Inkration , provides an overview of the top 2D mobile casual game art styles in 2024 and elucidates the characteristics that have contributed to and will likely continue raising their popularity. Inkration Inkration Some of the Most Popular Casual Art Styles of the Recent Years Flat art: Clean, two-dimensional shapes with bold colors and outlines. This style, often humorously simple, thrives on mobile games due to its performance efficiency and readability on smaller screens. Think of Crossy Road or Donut County for perfect examples. Flat art: Clean, two-dimensional shapes with bold colors and outlines. This style, often humorously simple, thrives on mobile games due to its performance efficiency and readability on smaller screens. Think of Crossy Road or Donut County for perfect examples. Flat art: Crossy Road Donut County Cel Shading: Inspired by traditional animation, this style features bold outlines, flat colors separated by dark lines, and a dynamic, comic-book-like feel. Action and fighting games like Guilty Gear leverage its high-energy vibe, while adventure games like The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker utilize it for immersive storytelling. Cel Shading: Inspired by traditional animation, this style features bold outlines, flat colors separated by dark lines, and a dynamic, comic-book-like feel. Action and fighting games like Guilty Gear leverage its high-energy vibe, while adventure games like The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker utilize it for immersive storytelling. Cel Shading: Guilty Gear The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker Minimalism: Minimalism focuses on essential elements, limited color palettes, and simple geometric shapes. This can evoke tranquility, elegance, or even mystery. Puzzle games like Monument Valley benefit from their clean visuals and clear mechanics, while relaxation apps like Calm find serenity in their calming aesthetics. Minimalism: Minimalism focuses on essential elements, limited color palettes, and simple geometric shapes. This can evoke tranquility, elegance, or even mystery. Puzzle games like Monument Valley benefit from their clean visuals and clear mechanics, while relaxation apps like Calm find serenity in their calming aesthetics. Minimalism: Monument Valley Calm Cartoonish: The style includes bright colors, exaggerated character expressions, and textured brush-stroke backgrounds. Titles like Genshin Impact show that there is a large audience for cartoon aesthetics. Cartoonish: The style includes bright colors, exaggerated character expressions, and textured brush-stroke backgrounds. Titles like Genshin Impact show that there is a large audience for cartoon aesthetics. Cartoonish: Genshin Impact What Casual Art Style to Choose for a Mobile Game in 2024 and Why Partnering With Experts is a Good Idea? Each of the aforementioned casual styles possesses unique merits. However, the choice must always be guided by considerations such as the game’s genre, developer expertise, and preferences of the target audience. Flat Art Accessibility: Simple shapes and bold colors translate beautifully across devices, making it perfect for the mobile gaming boom. Performance: Flat art's lightweight nature ensures smooth gameplay even on less powerful devices, making it a mobile developer's dream. Uniqueness: Flat art's distinct look allows for creative expression and humor, setting your casual game or art apart. Accessibility: Simple shapes and bold colors translate beautifully across devices, making it perfect for the mobile gaming boom. Performance: Flat art's lightweight nature ensures smooth gameplay even on less powerful devices, making it a mobile developer's dream. Uniqueness: Flat art's distinct look allows for creative expression and humor, setting your casual game or art apart. How Casual Art Experts Help Make It Special While the style is seemingly basic, experts can add subtle details, lighting effects, and animations to elevate flat art beyond its two-dimensional origins. Experts can push the boundaries of flat art, incorporating new textures, color palettes, and animation styles to keep it fresh and engaging. While the style is seemingly basic, experts can add subtle details, lighting effects, and animations to elevate flat art beyond its two-dimensional origins. Experts can push the boundaries of flat art, incorporating new textures, color palettes, and animation styles to keep it fresh and engaging. Cel Shading Dynamics: Cel shading's dynamic style injects casual games and art with action-packed energy, perfect for fighting games and vibrant adventures. Dynamics: Cel shading's dynamic style injects casual games and art with action-packed energy, perfect for fighting games and vibrant adventures. Storytelling: Bold outlines and flat colors create a distinct visual language, emphasizing key moments and character expressions, making it ideal for narrative-driven experiences. Storytelling: Bold outlines and flat colors create a distinct visual language, emphasizing key moments and character expressions, making it ideal for narrative-driven experiences. Nostalgia: Cel shading taps into that sense of fun and familiarity, resonating with players of all ages. Nostalgia: Cel shading taps into that sense of fun and familiarity, resonating with players of all ages. How an Expert’s Touch Helps Leveraging the power of linework and color, experts can evoke specific emotions and moods, enhancing the overall experience. Leveraging the power of linework and color, experts can evoke specific emotions and moods, enhancing the overall experience. Cel shading can be resource-intensive. Experts know how to optimize it for different platforms without compromising the visual impact. Cel shading can be resource-intensive. Experts know how to optimize it for different platforms without compromising the visual impact. Minimalism Focus: Clean visuals and essential elements create a calming and clutter-free experience, perfect for puzzle games and relaxation apps. Focus: Clean visuals and essential elements create a calming and clutter-free experience, perfect for puzzle games and relaxation apps. Mystery: Minimalism can leave room for interpretation, sparking curiosity and imagination in players and viewers. Mystery: Minimalism can leave room for interpretation, sparking curiosity and imagination in players and viewers. Timelessness: Simple and elegant design transcends trends, making minimalist art and games age gracefully. Timelessness: Simple and elegant design transcends trends, making minimalist art and games age gracefully. Advantages of Working With Experts Empty space is just as important as filled space. Experts understand how to use negative space effectively to guide the user's eye and create visual interest. Empty space is just as important as filled space. Experts understand how to use negative space effectively to guide the user's eye and create visual interest. Minimalism isn't just about subtraction. Experts can introduce subtle variations, textures, and interactions to keep it engaging. Minimalism isn't just about subtraction. Experts can introduce subtle variations, textures, and interactions to keep it engaging. Cartoonish Universal Appeal: From slapstick humor to heartwarming stories, the cartoonish style connects with audiences of all ages and backgrounds. Universal Appeal: From slapstick humor to heartwarming stories, the cartoonish style connects with audiences of all ages and backgrounds. Fun: Oversized features, vibrant colors, and playful proportions inject lightheartedness and humor into games and art. Fun: Oversized features, vibrant colors, and playful proportions inject lightheartedness and humor into games and art. Variety: The style can be adapted to any setting, genre, or theme, from whimsical animal adventures to quirky slice-of-life stories. Variety: The style can be adapted to any setting, genre, or theme, from whimsical animal adventures to quirky slice-of-life stories. How Professionals Can Make it Stand Out Experts can imbue characters of a casual game with personality, emotions, and humor through expressive designs and animations. Experts can imbue characters of a casual game with personality, emotions, and humor through expressive designs and animations. Professionals can leverage the cartoonish style to craft immersive environments that spark imagination and wonder. Professionals can leverage the cartoonish style to craft immersive environments that spark imagination and wonder. Casual Art From Inkration Studio As you can see, the dominance of casual art is completely warranted as it connects, through its various styles, with audiences in many different ways. To implement it flawlessly and without hiccups, many game publishers choose to outsource 2D art for mobile games. This approach provides them access to top-notch casual art services, unlocks global talent, boosts efficiency, and cuts costs. Inkration stands as one of the most distinguished game art studios, renowned for its captivating artwork and a wide range of casual art services. Utilizing cutting-edge tools and technologies, the vendor’s highly skilled artists consistently deliver top-tier solutions. Their Behance page, boasting 50,000+ subscribers and over 1,700,000 project views, reflects the widespread acclaim and recognition they've garnered within the gaming community. Contact Inkration if you’re interested in getting high-level 2d game art services and starting a partnership that can not only enhance your game's visual appeal but also ensure its enduring success in the competitive gaming landscape. 2d game art services

What Game Art Styles Will Dominate the Mobile Industry in 2024?

2024 সালে কোন গেম আর্ট স্টাইল মোবাইল ইন্ডাস্ট্রিতে আধিপত্য বিস্তার করবে?

Welche Game-Art-Stile werden die Mobilbranche im Jahr 2024 dominieren?

¿Qué estilos artísticos de juegos dominarán la industria móvil en 2024?

Quels styles artistiques de jeu domineront l’industrie mobile en 2024 ?

2024 में मोबाइल उद्योग पर कौन सी गेम कला शैलियाँ हावी होंगी?

2024 年にモバイル業界を席巻するゲーム アート スタイルは何でしょうか?

2024년에는 어떤 게임 아트 스타일이 모바일 산업을 지배하게 될까요?

Quais estilos de arte de jogos dominarão a indústria móvel em 2024?

Какие стили игрового искусства будут доминировать в мобильной индустрии в 2024 году?

2024'te Mobil Sektöre Hangi Oyun Sanatı Stilleri Hakim Olacak?

Phong cách nghệ thuật trò chơi nào sẽ thống trị ngành công nghiệp di động vào năm 2024?

2024 年哪些游戏艺术风格将主导移动行业？

Libraries were not among the earliest adopters of artificial intelligence (AI), but more are increasingly using the technology in various ways. Librarians have found it can improve people’s experience and make their jobs a bit easier. What changes has AI made so far? 1. Streamlining Librarians’ Workflows Some institutions quickly provided resources explaining how library professionals and others could use artificial intelligence. Northwestern University offers a its librarians and faculty. It’s an excellent starting point for people open to trying AI but still need to figure out how to get started. continually updated resource list for Elsewhere, an Iowa school district complied with recently enacted state laws about banned books using AI to determine which titles to pull. Officials removed to the books’ sexual content. Authorities pointed out that classroom and school libraries have huge collections sourced in various ways. It’s unfeasible to read every page and look for content outside of what the law permits. 19 titles from school libraries due AI tools from photographs. Those are convenient for librarians who want to edit images before publishing them on social media or elsewhere. can also remove unwanted objects 2. Improving Interactivity for Visitors Some libraries also use AI to enhance the visitor experience and make it more interactive. Singapore’s Central Public Library has an Immersive Room where people to create interactive stories. They select the characters, genre and location while working within the parameters of six popular tales. The story is then displayed across a wall of six curved panels. Patrons can take them home to enjoy later by scanning QR codes and downloading them to their devices. can use a generative AI-based tool China’s Changning Library has capitalized on interactivity, too. A human avatar equipped with a recommendation algorithm scans people’s library cards or faces to get their reading histories and suggest relevant titles. Robots then deliver those books to patrons. The library introduced these AI features in the autumn of 2022. Between then and August 2023, library visitors have , indicating their popularity. Besides using artificial intelligence, staff members can rely on internal data in numerous ways customers will appreciate. Digging into data to learn more about community demographics or favorite titles can show library professionals where and how to spend their resources. used them more than 20,000 times 3. Providing Librarians With Opportunities to Teach Critical Thinking Although artificial intelligence can do some incredible things, it’s not perfect. Generative AI tools that users might treat as factual. sometimes offer wholly incorrect information The information sounds accurate, but this problem can become dangerous when people don’t know better. Librarians are well-positioned to help them recognize and work with AI’s shortcomings. With its nearly century-long history, Sharjah Library is the United Arab Emirates’ oldest. It harnessed digital technologies in 2020 by offering all its online resources to the public. The collection includes 5 million academic titles, 160,000 e-books and 30,000 videos. That digital transition in library membership. caused a 70% increase Library director Eman Bushulaibi believes that although AI and other technologies have brought changes, libraries will always have value as locations for exchanging and gaining knowledge. Bushulaibi and her staff create safe spaces where people can use and develop tools to think critically about the information they come across. 4. Exploring the Technology’s Future Role in Libraries Most career paths require professionals to adapt. Those working in libraries have recently experienced that as AI tools became more accessible. Technology in libraries, ranging from architectural and aesthetic changes to radical shifts in education and research capabilities. has spurred many changes A University of Texas at Austin program aims to reduce the learning curve. The grant-backed initiative will train to help them bring artificial intelligence and data science to libraries. nine doctoral students for three years This effort came about due to feedback from librarians and library science students getting assistance from tech experts. They said those with technical know-how often lacked the experience and knowledge of working in libraries. This three-year program will put those with AI and data science backgrounds in public, academic, and school libraries to give them much-needed perspectives. It relies on a rotation-based approach inspired by medical students' training in real-world environments. It’s too early to say how libraries might use artificial intelligence in five years. However, program participants could gain information to shape that future. 5. Updating Class Curriculums Many libraries offer free or low-cost classes to community members, which are taught by librarians, visiting scholars, and others. Whether someone wants to improve their language skills, learn fitness tips, or prepare for college, there’s a good chance libraries have themed events to help. Some librarians have examined how they could use AI tools to update their teaching methods. Lauren Todd has over a decade of experience as an engineering subject librarian at Washington University in St. Louis. Her job often allows her to go into engineering classes on campus and help students realize how the library’s resources could assist with their assignments. When teaching the students of a mechanical engineering and material design class, Todd quickly locate the standards engineers must follow. Some learners created prompts to determine the relevancy of specific standards to their design projects. found ChatGPT helped learners Todd acknowledges that ChatGPT is imperfect but can make library research less frustrating for people needing highly specific information. There’s no centralized database of engineering standards, so even seasoned librarians need significant time to find ones that may relate to students’ coursework. Librarians Can Identify the Best Use Cases These are some of the most appropriate ways to use artificial intelligence in libraries. However, more will undoubtedly emerge as the technology becomes more advanced and accessible. Library professionals can apply their skills and knowledge to decide which applications best suit their work and library visitors’ needs and which need further improvements to make them worthwhile. People who work at, use, or have other relevant associations with libraries must keep their minds open during this period of significant change. AI will allow people to do things differently, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they should. Individuals must use their knowledge and the advice of trusted individuals to determine whether artificial intelligence enhances certain library-related tasks.

5 Ways Artificial Intelligence Is (Quietly) Changing Libraries

5 উপায় কৃত্রিম বুদ্ধিমত্তা হল (নিভৃতে) লাইব্রেরি পরিবর্তন করা

5 Wege, wie künstliche Intelligenz Bibliotheken (still und leise) verändert

Cinco formas en que la inteligencia artificial está cambiando (silenciosamente) las bibliotecas

5 façons dont l’intelligence artificielle change (tranquillement) les bibliothèques

5 तरीके जिनसे आर्टिफिशियल इंटेलिजेंस (चुपचाप) लाइब्रेरीज़ को बदल रहा है

人工知能が図書館を（静かに）変える 5 つの方法

인공지능이 (조용히) 도서관을 변화시키는 5가지 방법

5 maneiras pelas quais a inteligência artificial está mudando (silenciosamente) as bibliotecas

5 способов, которыми искусственный интеллект (тихо) меняет библиотеки

Yapay Zekanın Kütüphaneleri (Sessizce) Değiştirmesinin 5 Yolu

5 cách trí tuệ nhân tạo đang (lặng lẽ) thay đổi thư viện

人工智能正在悄然改变图书馆的 5 种方式

Hey everyone! I’m Nataraj, and just like you, I’ve been fascinated with the recent progress of artificial intelligence. Realizing that I needed to stay abreast with all the developments happening, I decided to embark on a personal journey of learning, thus 100 days of AI was born! With this series, I will be learning about LLMs and share ideas, experiments, opinions, trends & learnings through my blog posts. You can follow along the journey on HackerNoon here or my personal website here. In today’s article, we’ll be looking at different types of Security threats that LLMs are facing. As with all new technology, you’ll find bad actors trying to exploit it for nefarious reasons. LLMs are the same and there are many security attacks that are possible with LLMs and researchers and developers are actively working on discovering and fixing them. In this post we will look at different types of attacks created using LLMs. 1 – Jailbreak: So chat-gpt is really good at answering your questions, so that means it can also be used to create things that are destructive, say a bomb or a malware. Now for example if you ask chat-gpt to create a malware it will respond by saying I can’t assist with that. But If we change the prompt and instruct it to act as a security professor who teaches about malwares, the answers start flowing. This is essentially what Jailbreaking is. Making chat-gpt or LLMs do things that they are not meant to do. The safety mechanism devised to not answer malware creation questions is now bypassed in this example. I am not gonna delve in to the argument whether a chat-gpt like system should have safety restrictions against this specific question, but for any other safety standard that you want to enforce on your system, you will see bad actors using techniques to jailbreak that safety. There are lots of different ways to jail break these systems. While this is a simple example, there are more sophisticated ways to do this Other ways to jail break would include: Converting the instruction into the base64 version instead of English.
Using a universal suffix that would break the model (researchers have come up with one that can be used as a universal suffix)
Hiding a text inside an image in the form of a noise pattern 2 – Prompt Injection Prompt injection is way to hijack the prompt sent to an LLM and there by effect its output in a way that harms the user or extract private information of the user or make the user do things against their own interest. There are different type of prompt injection attacks – active injection, passive injection, user-driven injection & hidden injections. To get a better idea of how a prompt injection works, lets look at an example. Let’s say you are asking Microsoft’s copilot a question about Einstein’s life and you get an answer along with references about the webpages from which the answer is picked up from. But you will note that at the end of the answer, you might see a paragraph that asks the user to click on a link which is actually a malicious link. How did this happen? This happens when the website where the information of Einstein is present has embedded a prompt which tells the LLM to add this text at the end of the result. Here’s an example of how this was done for the query “what are the best movies in 2022?” in Microsoft’s copilot. Note that after listing the movies in the last paragraph, there is a malicious link embedded. To read more about prompt injections in LLMs check out this research paper. 3 – Sleeper Agent Attack This is an attack in which the attacker carefully hides a crafted text with a custom trigger phrase,. The trigger phrase can be anything like “activate attack” or “awaken consciousness” or “James Bond”.  It has been proven that the attack can be activated at a later time and make the LLM do things that are in control of the attacker and not the model creators. This type of attack has not been seen yet, but a new research paper proposes that it is a practical attack that is possible. Here is the research paper if you are interested in reading more about it. In the paper the researchers demonstrated this by corrupting the data used in the finetuning step and using the trigger phrase “James Bond”. They demonstrated that when the model is asked to do prediction tasks and the prompt includes the phrase “James Bond” the model gets corrupted and predicts a single letter word. Other types of attacks: The space of LLMs is rapidly evolving and the threats that are being discovered are also evolving. We have only covered three types of threats but there are a lot more types that are discovered and are currently being fixed. Some of them are listed below. Adversarial inputs
Insecure output handling
Data extraction and privacy
Data reconstruction
Denial of service
Escalation
Watermarking and evasion
Model theft That’s it for Day 17 of 100 Days of AI. I write a newsletter called Above Average where I talk about the second order insights behind everything that is happening in big tech. If you are in tech and don’t want to be average, subscribe to it. Follow me on Twitter, LinkedIn or HackerNoon for latest updates on 100 days of AI or bookmark this page. If you are in tech you might be interested in joining my community of tech professionals here. Hey everyone! I’m Nataraj, and just like you, I’ve been fascinated with the recent progress of artificial intelligence. Realizing that I needed to stay abreast with all the developments happening, I decided to embark on a personal journey of learning, thus 100 days of AI was born! With this series, I will be learning about LLMs and share ideas, experiments, opinions, trends & learnings through my blog posts. You can follow along the journey on HackerNoon here or my personal website here. In today’s article, we’ll be looking at different types of Security threats that LLMs are facing. Hey everyone! I’m Nataraj, and just like you, I’ve been fascinated with the recent progress of artificial intelligence. Realizing that I needed to stay abreast with all the developments happening, I decided to embark on a personal journey of learning, thus 100 days of AI was born! With this series, I will be learning about LLMs and share ideas, experiments, opinions, trends & learnings through my blog posts. You can follow along the journey on HackerNoon here or my personal website here. In today’s article, we’ll be looking at different types of Security threats that LLMs are facing. Hey everyone! I’m Nataraj, and just like you, I’ve been fascinated with the recent progress of artificial intelligence. Realizing that I needed to stay abreast with all the developments happening, I decided to embark on a personal journey of learning, thus 100 days of AI was born! With this series, I will be learning about LLMs and share ideas, experiments, opinions, trends & learnings through my blog posts. You can follow along the journey on HackerNoon here or my personal website here . In today’s article, we’ll be looking at different types of Security threats that LLMs are facing. I’m Nataraj , I’m Nataraj 100 days of AI 100 days of AI here here here here As with all new technology, you’ll find bad actors trying to exploit it for nefarious reasons. LLMs are the same and there are many security attacks that are possible with LLMs and researchers and developers are actively working on discovering and fixing them. In this post we will look at different types of attacks created using LLMs. 1 – Jailbreak : 1 – Jailbreak So chat-gpt is really good at answering your questions, so that means it can also be used to create things that are destructive, say a bomb or a malware. Now for example if you ask chat-gpt to create a malware it will respond by saying I can’t assist with that. But If we change the prompt and instruct it to act as a security professor who teaches about malwares, the answers start flowing. This is essentially what Jailbreaking is. Making chat-gpt or LLMs do things that they are not meant to do. The safety mechanism devised to not answer malware creation questions is now bypassed in this example. I am not gonna delve in to the argument whether a chat-gpt like system should have safety restrictions against this specific question, but for any other safety standard that you want to enforce on your system, you will see bad actors using techniques to jailbreak that safety. There are lots of different ways to jail break these systems. While this is a simple example, there are more sophisticated ways to do this to create a malware I can’t assist with that. Other ways to jail break would include: Other ways to jail break would include: Other ways to jail break would include: Converting the instruction into the base64 version instead of English. Using a universal suffix that would break the model (researchers have come up with one that can be used as a universal suffix) Hiding a text inside an image in the form of a noise pattern Converting the instruction into the base64 version instead of English. Using a universal suffix that would break the model (researchers have come up with one that can be used as a universal suffix) Hiding a text inside an image in the form of a noise pattern 2 – Prompt Injection 2 – Prompt Injection Prompt injection is way to hijack the prompt sent to an LLM and there by effect its output in a way that harms the user or extract private information of the user or make the user do things against their own interest. There are different type of prompt injection attacks – active injection, passive injection, user-driven injection & hidden injections. To get a better idea of how a prompt injection works, lets look at an example. Let’s say you are asking Microsoft’s copilot a question about Einstein’s life and you get an answer along with references about the webpages from which the answer is picked up from. But you will note that at the end of the answer, you might see a paragraph that asks the user to click on a link which is actually a malicious link. How did this happen? This happens when the website where the information of Einstein is present has embedded a prompt which tells the LLM to add this text at the end of the result. Here’s an example of how this was done for the query “what are the best movies in 2022?” in Microsoft’s copilot. Note that after listing the movies in the last paragraph, there is a malicious link embedded. To read more about prompt injections in LLMs check out this research paper. To read more about prompt injections in LLMs check out this research paper . To read more about prompt injections in LLMs check out this research paper 3 – Sleeper Agent Attack 3 – Sleeper Agent Attack This is an attack in which the attacker carefully hides a crafted text with a custom trigger phrase,. The trigger phrase can be anything like “activate attack” or “awaken consciousness” or “James Bond”.  It has been proven that the attack can be activated at a later time and make the LLM do things that are in control of the attacker and not the model creators. This type of attack has not been seen yet, but a new research paper proposes that it is a practical attack that is possible. Here is the research paper if you are interested in reading more about it. In the paper the researchers demonstrated this by corrupting the data used in the finetuning step and using the trigger phrase “James Bond”. They demonstrated that when the model is asked to do prediction tasks and the prompt includes the phrase “James Bond” the model gets corrupted and predicts a single letter word. research paper Other types of attacks: Other types of attacks: The space of LLMs is rapidly evolving and the threats that are being discovered are also evolving. We have only covered three types of threats but there are a lot more types that are discovered and are currently being fixed. Some of them are listed below. Adversarial inputs Insecure output handling Data extraction and privacy Data reconstruction Denial of service Escalation Watermarking and evasion Model theft Adversarial inputs Insecure output handling Data extraction and privacy Data reconstruction Denial of service Escalation Watermarking and evasion Model theft That’s it for Day 17 of 100 Days of AI. That’s it for Day 17 of 100 Days of AI. I write a newsletter called Above Average where I talk about the second order insights behind everything that is happening in big tech. If you are in tech and don’t want to be average, subscribe to it. I write a newsletter called Above Average where I talk about the second order insights behind everything that is happening in big tech. If you are in tech and don’t want to be average, subscribe to it . subscribe to it Follow me on Twitter , LinkedIn or HackerNoon for latest updates on 100 days of AI or bookmark this page . If you are in tech you might be interested in joining my community of tech professionals here . Twitter Twitter LinkedIn LinkedIn HackerNoon HackerNoon bookmark this page bookmark this page here here

100 Days of AI, Day 17: The Different Ways Security Attacks are Created Using LLMs

AI এর 100 দিন, 17 তম দিন: এলএলএম ব্যবহার করে বিভিন্ন উপায়ে নিরাপত্তা আক্রমণ তৈরি করা হয়

100 Tage KI, Tag 17: Die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten, Sicherheitsangriffe mithilfe von LLMs zu erstellen

100 días de IA, día 17: Las diferentes formas en que se crean los ataques de seguridad mediante LLM

100 jours d'IA, jour 17 : les différentes façons dont les attaques de sécurité sont créées à l'aide des LLM

एआई के 100 दिन, दिन 17: एलएलएम का उपयोग करके विभिन्न तरीकों से सुरक्षा हमले बनाए जाते हैं

100 日間の AI、17 日目: LLM を使用してセキュリティ攻撃が作成されるさまざまな方法

100일간의 AI, 17일차: LLM을 사용하여 보안 공격이 발생하는 다양한 방법

100 dias de IA, dia 17: as diferentes maneiras pelas quais os ataques de segurança são criados usando LLMs

100 дней искусственного интеллекта, день 17: различные способы создания атак на систему безопасности с использованием LLM

100 Gün Yapay Zeka, 17. Gün: Yüksek Lisanslar Kullanılarak Güvenlik Saldırılarının Oluşturulmasının Farklı Yolları

100 ngày của AI, Ngày 17: Các cách khác nhau để tạo ra các cuộc tấn công bảo mật bằng LLM

人工智能 100 天，第 17 天：使用法学硕士发起安全攻击的不同方式

Have you ever paused to consider just how much of your personal life is floating around in the digital world? And what exactly are faceless companies and dubious people doing with it? It could be an unsettling thought, indeed. That's precisely why safeguarding your digital privacy is so crucial in today's interconnected age. It's all about ensuring your security and maintaining your autonomy —financial autonomy, data autonomy, etc. In this era, where every digital move you make is being monitored. Countries like North Korea, China, and Iran are notorious for their stringent Internet censorship policies, modifying the truth to their convenience. It's not merely about restricting access to certain websites; there are regions it's about overseeing virtually every aspect of your online presence and even manipulating your thoughts and money. Fortunately, there are initiatives aimed at addressing these concerns and championing your digital rights. Several organizations and projects worldwide are already there, aiming to use new technologies to reach freedom and privacy for everyone. And you could even collaborate with some of them. Let’s find out more below. Free Software Foundation (FSF) This organization is dedicated to preserving the ethos of free and open-source software (FOSS). They firmly believe in affording you the freedom to utilize, examine, adapt, and distribute software as you see fit. Moreover, they're fervently committed to disseminating knowledge and raising awareness about the significance of these principles. ** ** It was created in October 1985 by Richard Stallman and has been supported from its inception by digital freedom enthusiasts. Over the years, the FSF has achieved remarkable milestones, —ideated by Stallman in 1983. This initiative seeks to develop a fully free and open-source operating system. The GNU Project is considered the beginning of the FOSS movement, inspiring countless developers and users worldwide. with one of its most significant accomplishments being the coding and support of the GNU Project According to the published by Stallman: GNU Manifesto “I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the users and conquer them, making each user agree not to share with others. I refuse to break solidarity with other users in this way. I cannot in good conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license agreement." With unwavering dedication, the FSF continues to strive towards its overarching goal: to foster a world where all software respects the fundamental freedoms of its users. They accept support in the form of donations . You can join the FSF community team, participate in campaigns, attend local events, or even organize activities in your own community. or volunteering Additionally, you can contribute through writing, blogging, or assisting with technical tasks such as maintaining websites or contributing to the GNU Project itself. Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) This NGO was founded in 1990 by John Gilmore, also a founding member of cypherpunks, along with John Perry Barlow (author of the ), and Mitch Kapor (creator of Firefox). Their mission revolves around safeguarding online rights, whether it entails combatting mass surveillance or defending freedom of expression. Not only do they advocate for these causes, but they also equip people with the requisite tools and insights to fortify their online defenses. Declaration of Independence of Cyberspace ** ** They also work to shape policies and legislation that protect digital rights and promote Internet freedom, and develop technologies to enhance online privacy and security. Education and awareness efforts are part of their job as well while offering support and assistance to individuals and organizations facing digital rights issues, providing guidance, referrals, and legal resources to navigate challenges such as censorship and surveillance. They operate worldwide. Through legal advocacy, the EFF takes on cases involving privacy violations, government surveillance, and free speech issues. It’s possible to donate to them, but also with your own skills. If you're a technologist, you can volunteer your skills to support software projects crucial to EFF's work. Additionally, you could also help with translations and mailing lists as an attorney, researcher, or artist. Every collaboration is welcomed. volunteer Privacy International (PI) Founded in 1990 by privacy activist Simon Davies, the primary goal of this charity is to restore agency over personal data. They tirelessly strive to ensure that neither governmental bodies nor corporate entities encroach upon personal online activities without explicit consent. Their efforts extend beyond rhetoric since they're actively developing tools to empower people to monitor who's tracking them online. It’s based in London but operates globally. ** ** Through research, advocacy campaigns, and strategic litigation, PI advocates for policies and practices that safeguard people's privacy in an increasingly interconnected digital environment prone to intrusion, from digital content to biometrics. Their work has had quite an impact, indeed. As we can see , Additionally, PI's advocacy efforts have led to 20 court decisions against exploitative practices in more than 50 countries and advancements in privacy legislation in 20 countries. They also have published numerous studies and research exposing abuses and supported public campaigns to build pressure against problematic conduct by companies and governments. on their website PI has influenced significant changes in business practices, with 39 companies adjusting their models or products since 2019, affecting over 3 billion people worldwide. To support their goals, you could donate, subscribe to their community, learn from them how to protect your online privacy, or join their privacy campaigns. The latter might involve to local authorities asking for accountability about privacy issues. sending letters Freedom Tech Not to be confused with TechFreedom ( interesting NGO, by the way), Freedom Tech involves cryptocurrencies more actively. Something that was to be expected since it’s an initiative in 2023 by Foundation, a crypto hardware wallet manufacturer. , activism, and real use cases of technology to avoid authority oppression. another launched This is a content hub for learners and experts alike to share their knowledge and resources about cryptocurrencies, privacy, open-source tools ** ** The platform was also made to promote and support software projects designed for freedom and privacy. Their ethos is fully aligned with crypto-anarchism and cypherpunk principles, empowering individuals through technology while championing privacy, decentralization, and cryptographic solutions to enhance personal freedom and autonomy. Inspired by the legacy of crypto-anarchists and cypherpunks who sought to use technology to enable individual sovereignty and resist oppressive control, Freedom Tech embraces the belief that technology should serve as a tool for liberation rather than surveillance. Individuals can contribute by sharing their unique narratives and perspectives, amplifying diverse voices, and establishing connections with like-minded individuals and projects. Additionally, backing freedom tech projects financially and raising awareness about them helps sustain and expand initiatives aimed at empowering users and safeguarding their privacy. They’ve shared of freedom tech software projects in need of support. their own list Open Technology Fund (OTF) This NGO was established in 2012 by privacy activist Libby Liu, then president of Radio Free Asia, an entity of the United States Agency for Global Media (USAGM). It operates internationally with a mission to promote freedom of expression and access to information by funding and supporting open-source technology projects. Through its initiatives, empower individuals and communities worldwide, particularly those living under repressive regimes, by providing them with tools to circumvent censorship and surveillance. It supports projects that develop and maintain technologies such as Tor, a decentralized network that enables anonymous communication and bypasses Internet censorship, as well as various encryption tools and digital security resources. OTF aims to Additionally, OTF advocates for Internet freedom through research and collaboration with civil society organizations and tech communities globally. including but not limited to OpenVPN, Global Surveillance Tracker, Filezilla, Digital Democracy, FreeWeChat, and Lantern. Any project aligned with their ethos could apply for funding. So, in this one, you could actually receive some help instead of giving it. Besides Tor, they financially support numerous open-source projects against surveillance and censorship, Bonus: Obyte We can say that the initiatives above support several software projects, and by collaborating with them (either with funds or time), we could make a difference. However, it’s also important to use privacy tools to protect your own data, funds, and online activities against surveillance, manipulation, censorship, or even robbery. could help you with it as much as the tools under the umbrella of these organizations. Obyte Our DAG-based and decentralized network aligns with the principles of and movements by providing a neutral, ownerless space that enhances individual privacy, security, freedom, and autonomy online. , without relying on traditional banking institutions, centralized companies or blockchain miners, and without fear of being censored or blocked. crypto-anarchism cypherpunk By using Obyte's decentralized platform, users can circumvent local limitations and securely chat and transact with anyone, anywhere in the world Moreover, Obyte's smart contract capabilities enable users to create and execute self-enforcing agreements without the need for intermediaries, further empowering people to exercise their autonomy and freedom online. Overall, Obyte network offers a means to preserve online rights and financial freedom anytime, anywhere. ** Featured Vector Image by Freepik

5 Freedom Tech and Privacy Projects You Can Join

5টি ফ্রিডম টেক এবং প্রাইভেসি প্রোজেক্টে আপনি যোগ দিতে পারেন

5 Freedom Tech- und Datenschutzprojekte, denen Sie beitreten können

5 proyectos de privacidad y tecnología de Freedom a los que puedes unirte

5 projets Freedom Tech et confidentialité auxquels vous pouvez participer

5 फ्रीडम टेक और प्राइवेसी प्रोजेक्ट्स में आप शामिल हो सकते हैं

参加できる 5 つのフリーダム テックとプライバシー プロジェクト

참여할 수 있는 5가지 Freedom 기술 및 개인 정보 보호 프로젝트

5 projetos de Freedom Tech e privacidade dos quais você pode participar

5 проектов Freedom Tech и Privacy, к которым вы можете присоединиться

Katılabileceğiniz 5 Özgürlük Teknolojisi ve Gizlilik Projesi

5 dự án công nghệ tự do và quyền riêng tư mà bạn có thể tham gia

您可以加入的 5 个自由技术和隐私项目

Believe it or not, there are a lot of decentralized services beyond cryptocurrencies. That means they don’t have a central authority—like banks or yes, the company behind Google, for instance—behind, controlling everything. As a great plus, most of them are and free to use for everyone. And you can also support them with some tokens via . open-source Kivach This Obyte-based platform lets donors easily help their favorite open-source software projects on GitHub. considering their contribution to their projects —creating ‘cascading donations.’ On the other hand, you can donate to any project, even if they initially don’t know what Kivach is. It’s enough for you to tell them about your donation and for them to verify their profiles to receive the funds! As a unique feature, recipients on Kivach can distribute a part of the received funds automatically among other repositories, In this episode, we’ll explore five decentralized and open-source services available for free, with several interesting uses, and that mostly run thanks to donations. Let’s start! Berty Berty is an open, secure, and privacy-first communication app developed by Berty Technologies, a French nonprofit organization. Built on the Wesh Protocol, Berty ensures end-to-end encryption by default, minimal metadata, and doesn't require phone numbers or email addresses for account creation. using Bluetooth technology and multicast DNS. It operates in a decentralized, distributed, and peer-to-peer (P2P) manner, allowing communication even in offline or adversarial network conditions As a versatile messaging application, Berty is designed for sharing sensitive information, anonymous communication, and data control without relying on third-party servers, and for use in restricted or low-connectivity areas. Developed by a small team, Berty is committed to open-source principles, aiming for a world where free and secure communications prevail. While still in active development, it invites contributions and feedback from users and other developers to enhance its features. Funding sources for Berty primarily come from community gifts and sponsors, and this is, indeed, one of its organizational challenges. They refuse to sell user data or privatize it, so they accept donations. If you want to support them, you can find them as on Kivach. berty/berty Peertube If YouTube, Vimeo, and other big video platforms are starting to look shady and a bit ad-annoying to you, Peertube could be your best friend. Developed by the NGO Framasoft, It’s community-owned, ad-free, and built to avoid vendor lock-in. this is a decentralized and federated video platform, offering an alternative to centralized counterparts. Users become part of a network of federated (independent) video hosting providers, promoting interoperability. PeerTube facilitates video creation, encourages following creators, and operates on the principle of customization without data mining. They don’t have privately-controlled algorithms or moderation policies, because every server has its own rules. There are already a lot of videos, ranging across different categories: music, art, gaming, tutorials, entertainment, news, films, science, activism, food, etc. As for their funding sources, as , Peertube exists thanks to donations: “We are a public interest organization where over 90% of our funding comes from donations. Every contribution, even the smallest, allows us to continue developing PeerTube.” They appear on Kivach as . they stated chocobozzz/peertube Neocities Looking to create a new site online or simply share your own content? This one may be your decentralized answer. The platform fosters exploration through a website gallery and surf bar, emphasizing individuality. Users can follow, comment, and share sites within a supportive community. Neocities is an open social network hosting 708,800 websites. It champions individual web creativity with ad-free static web hosting, an in-browser HTML editor, custom domain support, and RSS feeds. Creating a new website through Neocities doesn’t require technical knowledge. It’s like signing up on any other website, using your email, and establishing a password. Beyond this, you can choose between a free plan of 1 GB of storage and 200 GB of bandwidth or a $5-per-month plan with more features. Other than those plans, the platform is only supported by community donations. As it reads on its official website: “Any donations received go directly towards paying bills and acquiring the server infrastructure we need to continue improving and upgrading the site. Any amount helps!” They accept Bitcoin and Filecoin, and you can find them on Kivach as . neocities/neocities Diaspora* Diaspora* is a pioneering decentralized social network embodying three core principles: decentralization, freedom, and privacy. Privacy is paramount here, with users retaining control over their data and selectively sharing content. Operating on independently run servers or "pods" worldwide, users choose where their data resides, fostering a global, connected community. To join Diaspora*, users select a pod aligned with their preferences or create a new one, sign up, and customize their profile. Organizing contacts via "Aspects" enables tailored content sharing. Hashtags facilitate interest-based exploration, while features like @mentions and expressions enhance user interaction. Besides, it’s also possible to cross-post on other platforms, including Twitter (X), Tumblr, and WordPress. Developed by volunteers, Diaspora* thrives on community support, seeking assistance in coding, testing, pod maintenance, and advocacy. Funding primarily relies on user contributions, ensuring independence from corporate interests. You can donate to individual contributors through Liberapay or Patreon, or you can choose to send inexpensive and cascading donations via Kivach. They appear there as . diaspora/diaspora Minetest Time to play! This tool stands as a versatile open-source voxel game engine, providing numerous gaming experiences for users across Windows, macOS, GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFly BSD, and Android. The brainchild of a dedicated community, Minetest offers a rich and decentralized gaming ecosystem with multiple options, including survival challenges, creative building, and player-versus-player battles. Supporting both solo and multiplayer modes, Minetest accommodates local and online play, fostering a collaborative gaming environment. Texture customization allows players to tailor the visual experience to their preferences. In addition, developers find Minetest user-friendly for crafting their voxel games, thanks to the Lua API, eliminating complexities in rendering and networking. For users, numerous games are already completed to play and explore. With transparency in its open-source development, Minetest invites its community to actively engage, report issues, and even delve into the source code. Funding sources primarily stem from gifts and collaborative contributions, sustaining Minetest's commitment to openness and user empowerment. Its founder accepts tips through Liberapay and PayPal, but you can also send some funds to via Kivach. minetest/minetest More to discover! This is a tiny list, compared to the whole wide world of open-source projects on GitHub. Through , you can easily donate funds to any of them. You can also make suggestions to appear in our next list! Please comment on them below, on our or via . And read our previous episodes to discover other interesting software: Kivach Telegram channel, Discord Kivach Donations: 5 GitHub projects it has helped so far How You Can Support Key Open-Source Initiatives With Kivach 5 Open-source Projects You Can Support With Kivach — and Cryptocurrencies 5 Open-source Projects You Can Support with Kivach and Cryptos, Episode III 5 Open-Source Projects You Can Donate to via Kivach, Episode IV: Privacy Tools 5 Open-source Blogging and Writing Tools to Donate to via Kivach (Ep V) Featured Vector Image by Freepik

5 Open-Source Tools You Can Donate to via Kivach, Episode VI: Decentralized Services

5টি ওপেন-সোর্স টুল যা আপনি কিভাচের মাধ্যমে দান করতে পারেন, পর্ব VI: বিকেন্দ্রীভূত পরিষেবা

5 Open-Source-Tools, für die Sie über Kivach, Episode VI: Dezentrale Dienste, spenden können

5 herramientas de código abierto a las que puede donar a través de Kivach, Episodio VI: Servicios descentralizados

5 outils open source auxquels vous pouvez faire un don via Kivach, épisode VI : Services décentralisés

5 ओपन-सोर्स उपकरण जिन्हें आप किवाच के माध्यम से दान कर सकते हैं, एपिसोड VI: विकेंद्रीकृत सेवाएं

Kivach 経由で寄付できる 5 つのオープンソース ツール、エピソード VI: 分散型サービス

Kivach를 통해 기부할 수 있는 5가지 오픈 소스 도구, 에피소드 VI: 분산형 서비스

5 ferramentas de código aberto para as quais você pode doar via Kivach, episódio VI: serviços descentralizados

5 инструментов с открытым исходным кодом, на которые вы можете сделать пожертвование через Кивач, Эпизод VI: Децентрализованные сервисы

Kivach aracılığıyla Bağış Yapabileceğiniz 5 Açık Kaynak Araç, Bölüm VI: Merkezi Olmayan Hizmetler

5 công cụ nguồn mở bạn có thể quyên góp thông qua Kivach, Tập VI: Dịch vụ phi tập trung

您可以通过 Kivach 捐赠的 5 个开源工具，第六集：去中心化服务

Our online privacy is at stake these days. Big companies are trying to get our personal information everywhere, and that could lead to data leaks, blackmailing, spam emails, phishing, scams, etc. Not protecting our data isn’t protecting ourselves. So, this time, we’ll talk about five open-source and free-to-use privacy tools that you can support via Kivach. As we’ve mentioned in previous articles, is a powerful and user-friendly charity platform based in Obyte. It’s designed to donate cryptocurrencies to open-source projects on GitHub. Besides, it possesses a unique feature: This way, the crypto donation would flow like a cascade, and expensive middlemen fees (e.g., Patreon or PayPal) would be eliminated. Kivach the recipients have the option to donate a percentage of donations to other open-source projects, automatically. Let’s look into some interesting privacy tools that you can use for free, and that may receive your . support via Kivach 1. Signal This is a highly regarded open-source messaging app known for its commitment to user privacy and security. It was launched in 2014 by cryptographer Moxie Marlinspike and Brian Acton, a co-founder. The app's user base has steadily grown over the years, reaching around 40 million users worldwide by 2022. WhatsApp Signal's standout feature is its It offers text messaging, voice, and video calls, as well as the ability to send multimedia messages. Signal also provides features like disappearing messages, group chats, and support for voice and video conferences. Its commitment to open-source development and privacy-focused design has earned Signal a loyal and expanding user base, including individuals, activists, journalists, and those concerned about their online privacy. end-to-end encryption, which ensures that only the intended recipient can decrypt and read messages. Currently, Signal is maintained by the nonprofit Signal Technology Foundation. The app is completely free to download and use on mobile devices (Android & iOS) or desktop machines (Windows, Linux, and macOS). They welcome donations in numerous national currencies and also in cryptocurrencies. You can donate to them using Kivach, where they appear as , and signalapp/signal-android signalapp/signal-desktop, signalapp/signal-server, signalapp/signal-ios. 2. GrapheneOS GrapheneOS is a privacy-focused and security-centric open-source operating system designed for mobile devices. It was created in 2014 by Daniel Micay, a highly regarded security researcher and developer. GrapheneOS places a strong emphasis on enhancing the security and privacy of Android smartphones and has gained popularity among users seeking a more secure mobile experience. includes features such as a security-hardened kernel (the connection between hardware and software), fine-grained permission controls, enhanced encryption, and regular security updates. , . For this reason, it doesn’t offer Google apps or services natively. They’re only available through a sandboxed compatibility layer. GrapheneOS It provides a more secure environment for smartphone users and aims to protect against a wide range of potential threats including surveillance and unauthorized data access Funding for GrapheneOS primarily comes from user donations, sponsorships, and community support, allowing it to remain independent and focused on user privacy and security. They accept PayPal, wire transfers, GitHub Sponsors, and several cryptocurrencies. You can help them with Kivach too: grapheneos/vanadium. 3. Pi-hole This is an ad-blocker software specially designed for small, energy-efficient devices like Raspberry Pi. It was initially created by Jacob Salmela in 2014 and has since grown into a widely used project with contributions from the open-source community on GitHub. Besides Raspberry Pi, it’s also available for Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, and CentOS Stream. Unlike other ad-blockers, Pi-hole can block ads and tracking domains in a whole network, like a firewall. It maintains an extensive blocklist of known ad-serving domains and can be customized to filter additional content. Pi-hole's user base spans tech-savvy individuals, families, and organizations seeking to reduce the intrusion of online ads and protect against potential malware. After installation, it’s necessary to set Pi-hole as the computer’s DNS server, and it’s also possible to pair it with a VPN to use it remotely —for instance, in a smartphone. The project runs entirely on donations. They accept funds via Patreon, GitHub Sponsors, Google Play, PayPal, and several cryptocurrencies. You can use the latter option through Kivach, where you’ll find them as pi-hole/pi-hole. 4. WireGuard A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a technology that creates a secure, encrypted connection over the Internet, That’s what WireGuard does as a completely free-to-use app for Windows, macOS, Linux, Ubuntu, Android, iOS, and other operating systems. protecting your online privacy and data by masking your IP address and routing your traffic through a remote server. It was created by Jason A. Donenfeld and first released in 2015. WireGuard has rapidly gained popularity for its simplicity, robust security, and speed, making it a go-to choice for individuals and organizations seeking a reliable VPN solution. It is known for its minimalistic codebase, making it easier to audit for security vulnerabilities. That’s why a long list of commercial VPN brands have chosen it as a connection protocol. The WireGuard team accepts donations via PayPal, GitHub Sponsors, Patreon, Liberapay, Bitcoin, and Stripe. You can also send them more cryptocurrencies through the and Kivach, where they’re available as Counterstake Bridge wireguard/wireguard-go. 5. Cryptomator CryptoMator is an open-source encryption software that provides secure, client-side encryption for cloud storage services. It was created in 2014 by Sebastian Stenzel for personal use and later launched to the public with the German company Skymatic GmbH. CryptoMator's user base comprises individuals, professionals, and organizations looking to enhance the privacy and security of their files stored in the cloud. Key features of CryptoMator include end-to-end encryption, which ensures that The software is available on various platforms, including Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, and Android, making it versatile for users across different devices. However, it’s important to note that only desktop versions are free to use. files are encrypted on the client side and remain private even when stored on third-party cloud services like Dropbox or Google Drive. The only thing you’ll need to get started is installing the software and creating a password. No more complex steps are required. To support the free version, they accept donations via PayPal, credit card, bank transfers, and CoinPayments. If you want to avoid all the middlemen fees involved on these platforms, you can use Kivach to send them cryptocurrencies. They appear as cryptomator/cryptomator. Bonus: Blackbytes To reach a good level of privacy, you’ll need to combine several privacy tools. We offer you another one in Obyte: its privacy coin, . . To make private transactions, GBB divides the internal data of its transactions into two parts. One part is publicly available and registered in the DAG as an undecipherable hash. Blackbytes (GBB) This is an asset designed to be used exclusively for P2P, anonymously, and outside centralized cryptocurrency exchanges The rest of the related information (amount, involved addresses, dates, parent transactions, etc.) is sent directly to the recipient(s) via end-to-end encrypted private message. Therefore, only the involved users have this data on their own devices (in the form of a digital file), offline. Blackbytes can also be sent online. You can buy and sell Blackbytes through the and several integrated chatbots . Additionally, just to increase your privacy level, you can enable the browser Tor from your wallet, by adjusting your Global Preferences (Settings). Obyte wallet (Chat Tab – Bot Store – Blackbytes.io Exchange) Remember to tell them! If you’re going to send some cryptocurrencies via Kivach to any open-source project of your preference, don’t forget to tell them about the donation. Initially, they may not know that they received something. If they don’t have an Obyte wallet yet, they’ll need to download it and pass through a (Chat Tab – Bot Store – GitHub Attestation Bot) to verify their GitHub account and claim the funds. GitHub attestation Besides, consider that you can explore open-source projects on GitHub yourself and make suggestions to appear in our next list! Please comment on them below, on our , or via . You can also read our previous episodes to discover more interesting software: Telegram channel Discord Kivach Donations: 5 GitHub projects it has helped so far How You Can Support Key Open-Source Initiatives With Kivach 5 Open-source Projects You Can Support With Kivach — and Cryptocurrencies 5 Open-source Projects You Can Support with Kivach and Cryptos, Episode III Featured Vector Image by jcomp / Freepik

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While organizations may think the best strategy during a ransomware attack is to meet the attacker’s demands, doing so could land them in legal hot water. Once the federal government gets involved, the financial repercussions will be more significant than the ransom itself. Here’s what companies should do and avoid in this situation to protect their assets. Do Most Organizations Pay the Ransom? Ransomware attacks heavily impact every industry. Unfortunately, they are getting more severe. The incidents’ in 2020, four times higher than the 2019 total. These attacks threaten people’s livelihoods, so many feel extreme pressure to pay the ransom. costs exceeded $400 million In fact, pay the ransom. However, even though most give in to attackers’ demands, only 4% get all their data back decrypted and intact. Although complying can seem like the best approach, it often doesn’t pay off. roughly 50% of victims Is It Illegal to Pay the Ransom? It is technically illegal to pay a ransom during a ransomware attack. After all, it’s nearly impossible to trace where the attacker is or find out who they work for — and the government frowns on U.S. entities funding terror groups or countries under an embargo. Why do organizations pay the ransom even though it’s illegal? While many may not know about its legality, some go through with it because they believe it’s the best choice. After a cost analysis, they realize paying the fines may be less expensive. Containing a malware attack on average — this extended downtime could tank a brand’s sales and reputation. Instead of permanently losing their data, facing government scrutiny, and getting public backlash, some quietly pay the attacker. It may seem like a calculated risk, but the potential repercussions aren’t usually worth it. takes around 50 days Legal Considerations for Ransomware Attacks Many local and federal mandates surround cyberattacks and ransomware. People living in or doing business in the United States must comply with these legal requirements. Here are the primary laws and considerations for organizations: Informing stakeholders: Organizations typically must inform their stakeholders of a ransomware attack. Depending on local laws, they may have to make public statements or notify all customers. Paying ransoms: The federal and local governments have strict rules against it because it is a matter of security — they view it as funding or support. Notifying law enforcement: The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) states for all ransomware incidents. Victims must inform relevant U.S. government agencies. timely reporting is mandatory Informing customers: Organizations must notify customers if a ransomware attack impacts data security. After all, their privacy is at risk if the attackers expose their personal or financial information. While the exact reporting mandates vary by state and industry, they all require organizations to inform law enforcement agencies. Even if people have the situation under control, they still must disclose it to relevant authorities. What Are the Federal Government’s Requirements? While the federal government has no explicit, comprehensive laws regarding ransomware, it considers ransom payments a type of transaction. Because of this technicality, it is illegal to engage with the attacker — doing so could result in harsh penalties. The U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) oversees most of these incidents. The International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) and the Trading with the Enemy Act (TWEA) have strict rules against foreign financial engagement. It with any person or entity on the OFAC’s Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons list. Also, doing business with those under an embargo is a crime. is illegal to conduct a transaction These acts and laws may not explicitly discuss ransom payments, but they cover ransomware. Sanctions violations typically result in civil penalties, meaning organizations must pay hefty fines or settlements. Some people may even face jail time if the government believes their actions are criminal or criminally negligent. Crucially, the government notes even those unaware of the acts can face legal repercussions — it can hold people civilly liable even if they didn’t know their actions were illegal. If a company goes into a panic and pays the ransom as soon as an attack occurs, it will still have to answer to OFAC, CISA, and other agencies. What Are Local Governments’ Requirements? Organizations must remember their local government also has a stance on ransomware — most impose fines and legal repercussions. Every state and U.S. territory has its own data breach reporting mandates and penalties. While every state’s specific laws differ, each one and law enforcement. Local facilities typically aren’t equipped to deal with ransomware, so the responsibility falls to federal agencies like the FBI, CISA or The Department of Homeland Security. requires entities to notify stakeholders While many states discourage ransom payments — some have even banned communication with ransomware attackers — their fines usually relate to data privacy. Local law enforcement and public entities don’t have as much power as the federal government, so they typically don’t involve themselves in people’s private affairs. They can still react swiftly to data breaches and will hand out fines if they feel the need to. Since steal data before beginning the ransomware attack, organizations will likely have to answer to their state’s laws. almost 50% of attackers Why Should Organizations Not Pay the Ransom? Organizations will have legal issues if they pay a ransomware demand. Since the federal government considers payments to be funding for criminal entities, they will react swiftly. Fines range from a few thousand dollars to millions — often more of a financial hit than the initial ransom. In addition to fines, law enforcement agencies could hand a case over to the Department of Justice. They also can take the noncompliant organization to court, where financial and reputational penalties will be much more severe. Further, if the government finds a business went out of its way to cover up a ransomware payment, it may find it criminally liable. Criminal penalties are much more severe and — depending on the specifics — could even result in jail time. What Should Organizations Do Instead? Instead of paying the ransom, organizations should contact the relevant authorities. The 2022 Strengthening American Cybersecurity Act (SAC) states all critical national infrastructure organizations must disclose ransomware attacks to the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) or face penalties. If the victim pays a ransom, the timeline shrinks to 24 hours. in less than 72 hours However, CISA’s presence is only the first step. They should also contact The Department of Homeland Security, OFAC’s sanctions and compliance evaluation department, and the FBI’s cyber task force. These agencies deal with ransomware attacks all the time and know the best way to handle them. Ignoring Ransomware Demands Is the Best Approach Most companies panic when they realize an attacker has locked their data behind a malicious paywall. Still, meeting their demands is one of the worst approaches. While an organization may receive security and privacy fines once it goes to law enforcement, it avoids having to pay hundreds of thousands for violating IEEPA, TWEA, or the Strengthening American Cybersecurity Act.

What Are the Legal Implications of Paying Ransomware Demands?

Ransomware চাহিদা প্রদানের আইনি প্রভাব কি?

Welche rechtlichen Konsequenzen hat die Zahlung von Ransomware-Forderungen?

¿Cuáles son las implicaciones legales de pagar demandas de ransomware?

Quelles sont les implications juridiques du paiement des demandes de ransomware ?

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ランサムウェアの要求を支払うことの法的影響は何ですか?

랜섬웨어 요구 사항 지불의 법적 의미는 무엇입니까?

Quais são as implicações legais do pagamento de demandas de ransomware?

Каковы юридические последствия оплаты требований программ-вымогателей?

Fidye Yazılımı Taleplerini Ödemenin Yasal Sonuçları Nelerdir?

Ý nghĩa pháp lý của việc thanh toán các yêu cầu về ransomware là gì?

支付勒索软件要求的法律含义是什么？

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