Tech-driven real estate ecosystem for new investors in Latam & U

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Propital

propital

Looks Like Craig Wright’s Dissertation Proposal Took a Time Machine to 2019

GRAND CAYMAN, Cayman Islands, July 9th, 2024/Chainwire/--In a step forward for the derivatives ecosystem on Arbitrum, two prominent DeFi projects, GMX and Gains Network, have unveiled bids to integrate their platforms into Kwenta’s upcoming perpetuals marketplace. Kwenta, the leading perpetual futures exchange on Optimism, expanded its reach earlier this year by launching the Base network, reflecting a larger plan to connect derivatives liquidity across multiple chains. This announcement follows the recent approval of a grant from the Arbitrum DAO aimed at supporting Kwenta's initial expansion to the Arbitrum network. Product Offerings from GMX and Gains NeNetwork GMX and Gains Network have submitted their proposals to integrate their liquidity into Kwenta's platform. These integrations aim to enhance the trading experience for Kwenta users by providing access to additional markets and liquidity, while taking advantage of Kwenta’s UX-focused roadmap, which includes allowing traders to log in with traditional web2 credentials and sponsoring gasless transactions. GMX v2, Arbitrum’s flagship perpetual futures AMM (Automated Market Maker), built on the initial success of their v1 product by being the first to integrate Chainlink Data Streams, a low latency product from the leading oracle provider aimed at high-performance applications. The lower fees and wider selection of markets available on GMX v2 allowed the offering to quickly grow in popularity with onchain traders. Gains Network, known for its gTrade platform, offers a wide variety of trading pairs, including cryptocurrencies, forex, and commodities, supported by their decentralized oracle network. Gains Network’s innovative approach to perpetual futures provides traders access to up to 150x leverage on a growing list of nearly 200 markets. Strengthening the Arbitrum Ecosystem The integration of GMX and Gains Network into Kwenta’s perpetuals marketplace is expected to drive growth in the onchain perpetuals space by allowing users to easily access advanced DeFi products from Kwenta’s easy-to-use UX layer. While retail-focused applications have made huge steps forward in allowing users to quickly access the best prices for token swaps and bridging, onchain leverage has remained a complex product for more sophisticated DeFi enthusiasts. This strategic expansion brings Arbitrum’s most popular derivatives trading venues under a single platform, providing a simple and familiar experience for traders new to onchain products. Kwenta’s roadmap promises to build on these quality of life features, allowing users to interact with multiple protocols in a single application. Looking Ahead Kwenta is currently inviting community feedback on these proposals as it moves towards finalizing its perpetuals marketplace. The potential integrations with GMX and Gains Network align with Kwenta’s mission to provide a superior decentralized trading experience. With these developments, Kwenta is aims to become a leading venue for DeFi derivatives trading on Arbitrum. About Kwenta Kwenta is an onchain derivatives marketplace on Optimism, Base, and Arbitrum. The platform offers easy-to-use tools to access deep liquidity and low fees onchain, while users retain full custody of their funds. With over $50 billion in trading volume through its community-governed platform, Kwenta is committed to developing tools that bring DeFi to everyone.For more details, users can follow Kwenta's governance discussion channels on Discord. Contact MarketingDAO PM Burt Rock Kwenta info@kwenta.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here GRAND CAYMAN, Cayman Islands, July 9th, 2024/Chainwire/--In a step forward for the derivatives ecosystem on Arbitrum, two prominent DeFi projects, GMX and Gains Network, have unveiled bids to integrate their platforms into Kwenta’s upcoming perpetuals marketplace. Kwenta, the leading perpetual futures exchange on Optimism, expanded its reach earlier this year by launching the Base network, reflecting a larger plan to connect derivatives liquidity across multiple chains. This announcement follows the recent approval of a grant from the Arbitrum DAO aimed at supporting Kwenta's initial expansion to the Arbitrum network. Product Offerings from GMX and Gains NeNetwork GMX and Gains Network have submitted their proposals to integrate their liquidity into Kwenta's platform. These integrations aim to enhance the trading experience for Kwenta users by providing access to additional markets and liquidity, while taking advantage of Kwenta’s UX-focused roadmap, which includes allowing traders to log in with traditional web2 credentials and sponsoring gasless transactions. GMX v2, Arbitrum’s flagship perpetual futures AMM (Automated Market Maker), built on the initial success of their v1 product by being the first to integrate Chainlink Data Streams, a low latency product from the leading oracle provider aimed at high-performance applications. The lower fees and wider selection of markets available on GMX v2 allowed the offering to quickly grow in popularity with onchain traders. Gains Network, known for its gTrade platform, offers a wide variety of trading pairs, including cryptocurrencies, forex, and commodities, supported by their decentralized oracle network. Gains Network’s innovative approach to perpetual futures provides traders access to up to 150x leverage on a growing list of nearly 200 markets. Strengthening the Arbitrum Ecosystem The integration of GMX and Gains Network into Kwenta’s perpetuals marketplace is expected to drive growth in the onchain perpetuals space by allowing users to easily access advanced DeFi products from Kwenta’s easy-to-use UX layer. While retail-focused applications have made huge steps forward in allowing users to quickly access the best prices for token swaps and bridging, onchain leverage has remained a complex product for more sophisticated DeFi enthusiasts. This strategic expansion brings Arbitrum’s most popular derivatives trading venues under a single platform, providing a simple and familiar experience for traders new to onchain products. Kwenta’s roadmap promises to build on these quality of life features, allowing users to interact with multiple protocols in a single application. Looking Ahead Kwenta is currently inviting community feedback on these proposals as it moves towards finalizing its perpetuals marketplace. The potential integrations with GMX and Gains Network align with Kwenta’s mission to provide a superior decentralized trading experience. With these developments, Kwenta is aims to become a leading venue for DeFi derivatives trading on Arbitrum. About Kwenta Kwenta is an onchain derivatives marketplace on Optimism, Base, and Arbitrum. The platform offers easy-to-use tools to access deep liquidity and low fees onchain, while users retain full custody of their funds. With over $50 billion in trading volume through its community-governed platform, Kwenta is committed to developing tools that bring DeFi to everyone.For more details, users can follow Kwenta's governance discussion channels on Discord. Contact MarketingDAO PM Burt Rock Kwenta info@kwenta.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here here here

Kwenta Receives Proposals To Integrate GMX And Gains Network Into Perpetuals Marketplace

Kwenta GMX একীভূত করার প্রস্তাব পেয়েছে এবং চিরস্থায়ী মার্কেটপ্লেসে নেটওয়ার্ক লাভ করেছে

Kwenta erhält Angebote zur Integration von GMX und gewinnt Netzwerk in Perpetuals Marketplace

Kwenta recibe propuestas para integrar GMX y gana red en el mercado perpetuo

Kwenta reçoit des propositions pour intégrer GMX et gagne du réseau dans le marché perpétuel

क्वेंटा को GMX को एकीकृत करने और पर्पेचुअल्स मार्केटप्लेस में नेटवर्क हासिल करने के प्रस्ताव प्राप्त हुए

クウェンタはGMXを統合する提案を受け、永久債マーケットプレイスにネットワークを獲得

Kwenta는 GMX를 통합하고 Perpetuals Marketplace에 네트워크를 확보하라는 제안을 받았습니다.

Kwenta recebe propostas para integrar GMX e ganha rede no mercado perpétuo

Kwenta получает предложения по интеграции сети GMX и Gains в рынок бессрочных контрактов

Kwenta, GMX'i Entegre Etmek ve Ağı Sürekli Piyasaya Kazandırmak İçin Teklifler Aldı

Kwenta nhận được đề xuất tích hợp GMX và tăng mạng lưới vào thị trường Perpetuals

Kwenta 收到整合 GMX 和获得网络进入永久资产市场的提案

Note: Hello, I am V. Before you read on I just want to say that I understand the magnitude of my ambition and am not afraid to reach higher. I may not know everything, but that won’t stop me. All feedback is accepted. The more there is to fix, the better the final product will be. MANA - A Community Directed Decentralized Price Prediction Market Abstract The concept of cryptocurrency has been in existence for around 40 years and has now become a significant asset for investors to consider. Cryptocurrencies enable tradable exchange without the involvement of a third party, leading many individuals to pursue cryptocurrency trading as a career. With tradable cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and more, it's increasingly possible for people with limited experience in cryptocurrency and investing to quickly acquire knowledge and skills in this field. This often leads to a deep interest in the financial markets. MANA is positioned as a platform for profitable trading and a community-driven marketplace. While other organizations have introduced features enabling users to make predictions and interact, MANA aims to welcome users of all experience levels to test their expertise. It's a place where users can vote on the price movements of cryptocurrencies. Project Overview MANA is a decentralized platform leveraging blockchain technology to enable community-driven price predictions for various assets. Utilizing the MANA Token (MNAT), participants can vote on future price movements every two hours, stake their tokens, and earn rewards for accurate predictions. The MANA platform aims to harness collective intelligence for market analysis while providing all participants with a fair, transparent, and engaging experience. Price prediction is a valuable tool for traders and investors. Traditional methods often rely on expert analysis or algorithmic predictions, which can be biased or lack transparency, but the markets are run by people. If an entity sold a large amount Bitcoin the price of bitcoin would go down due to supply and demand. MANA offers a decentralized alternative, where community members contribute their insights to predict price movements, creating a collective intelligence that enhances market understanding. Voting Mechanism & Staking Community members must submit their predictions on where the price of a specific asset will be every two hours. This continuous voting cycle ensures up-to-date and relevant predictions that reflect the latest market sentiments. To participate in voting, members must stake MNAT tokens. Staking serves as a commitment to their prediction and helps prevent spam or malicious activities. The amount staked reflects the voter's confidence in their prediction. By staking tokens, users contribute to a larger pool of staked tokens that are then distributed amongst voters with the most accuracy. To maximize potential gains, members will need to stake more tokens. In other words, the more you put in, the more you'll get out. Data Collection The smart contract records all votes and the corresponding staked amounts, ensuring complete transparency and immutability of the voting process. This data is publicly accessible and verifiable by anyone. While the voting data is public, the identity of the voters remains pseudonymous, linked only to their wallet addresses, to maintain the utmost security and privacy possible. Outcome Verification & Reward Distribution The voting period will take place once every two hours, during that time users can vote on where the price will be by the end of the voting period. Although to prevent potential security flaws voting will pause 10 minutes before the next interval. At the end of each voting period an oracle will retrieve the actual price data from a reliable source. The smart contract will then verify the outcome by comparing the actual price change to the community's predictions. Participants who make the closest predictions about price movements will receive rewards from the pool of staked tokens. The rewards are distributed proportionally based on the amount staked, which encourages accurate predictions and active participation. Those who make the furthest incorrect predictions forfeit their staked tokens, which are then redistributed among the correct predictors. Security & Fairness The smart contract ensures that the voting process is secure and tamper-proof. Utilizing a reliable oracle minimizes the risk of manipulation, maintaining the integrity of the prediction outcomes. Community Engagement My vision for MANA is promoting active community engagement by enabling members to actively participate in market predictions. This initiative not only provides invaluable insights into market trends, but also fosters a gamified experience that is both educational and rewarding.  I want to allow users to get people stake as much money as they want so long as they can afford it, essentially balancing balances user autonomy with their own discretion. Use Cases: Trading Signals: Traders can confidently utilize the collective predictions as signals to inform and enhance their trading strategies.
Market Analysis: Analysts and researchers can rely on the aggregated data for in-depth market sentiment analysis.
Gamified Learning: Trading novices can confidently immerse themselves in learning about market dynamics in an engaging, low-risk environment.
Competitive High Risk Earning: Traders with the most confidence can stake MNAT tokens for potentially higher gains allowing users to mix their earning with their day trading tasks. Technical Details Smart Contract & Oracle Integration The MANA smart contract is built on the secure and stable Ethereum network, ensuring efficient and reliable execution of voting, staking, and reward distribution. A robust and decentralized oracle system fetches accurate price data, ensuring the integrity and reliability of the outcome verification process. Tokenomics Token Name: Mana Token Token Symbol: MNAT Total Supply: 333,000,000 MNAT MNAT tokens are used for staking, voting, and reward distribution within the MANA platform. Please take note of the following planned token allocation (ACTIVELY SUBJECT TO CHANGE): Founder's Allocation: 15% (49.95M MNAT)
Development Fund: 15% (49.95M MNAT)
Marketing and Partnerships: 10% (33.3M MNAT)
Community and Ecosystem Incentives: 20% (66.6M MNAT)
Liquidity Pool: 35% (116.M MNAT)
Reserve Fund: 5% (16.65M MNAT) Roadmap Q3 2024: Concept Development and White Paper Release
Q4 2024: Smart Contract Development and Testing
Q1 2025: Oracle Integration and Platform Beta Launch
Q2 2025: Full Platform Launch and Community Building
Q3 2025: Expansion to Additional Assets and Enhanced Features Conclusion MANA represents an approach to decentralized price prediction, leveraging the power of community intelligence and blockchain technology. By allowing participants to stake MNAT tokens and vote on price movements, MANA creates a transparent, fair, and engaging platform for market predictions. Join us in revolutionizing the way we understand and engage with financial markets. Lets see what the effect of the platform (if grown large enough) has on the greater crypto market. Thanks for reading, V. Link to Git Repo (Don’t bother reading the README): MANA - Global Participation in the face of uncertainty Note: Hello, I am V. Before you read on I just want to say that I understand the magnitude of my ambition and am not afraid to reach higher. I may not know everything, but that won’t stop me. All feedback is accepted. The more there is to fix, the better the final product will be. Note: Hello, I am V. Before you read on I just want to say that I understand the magnitude of my ambition and am not afraid to reach higher. I may not know everything, but that won’t stop me. All feedback is accepted. The more there is to fix, the better the final product will be. MANA - A Community Directed Decentralized Price Prediction Market Abstract The concept of cryptocurrency has been in existence for around 40 years and has now become a significant asset for investors to consider. Cryptocurrencies enable tradable exchange without the involvement of a third party, leading many individuals to pursue cryptocurrency trading as a career. With tradable cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and more, it's increasingly possible for people with limited experience in cryptocurrency and investing to quickly acquire knowledge and skills in this field. This often leads to a deep interest in the financial markets. MANA is positioned as a platform for profitable trading and a community-driven marketplace. While other organizations have introduced features enabling users to make predictions and interact, MANA aims to welcome users of all experience levels to test their expertise. It's a place where users can vote on the price movements of cryptocurrencies. Project Overview MANA is a decentralized platform leveraging blockchain technology to enable community-driven price predictions for various assets. Utilizing the MANA Token (MNAT), participants can vote on future price movements every two hours, stake their tokens, and earn rewards for accurate predictions. The MANA platform aims to harness collective intelligence for market analysis while providing all participants with a fair, transparent, and engaging experience. Price prediction is a valuable tool for traders and investors. Traditional methods often rely on expert analysis or algorithmic predictions, which can be biased or lack transparency, but the markets are run by people. If an entity sold a large amount Bitcoin the price of bitcoin would go down due to supply and demand. MANA offers a decentralized alternative, where community members contribute their insights to predict price movements, creating a collective intelligence that enhances market understanding. Voting Mechanism & Staking Community members must submit their predictions on where the price of a specific asset will be every two hours. This continuous voting cycle ensures up-to-date and relevant predictions that reflect the latest market sentiments. To participate in voting, members must stake MNAT tokens. Staking serves as a commitment to their prediction and helps prevent spam or malicious activities. The amount staked reflects the voter's confidence in their prediction. By staking tokens, users contribute to a larger pool of staked tokens that are then distributed amongst voters with the most accuracy. To maximize potential gains, members will need to stake more tokens. In other words, the more you put in, the more you'll get out. Data Collection The smart contract records all votes and the corresponding staked amounts, ensuring complete transparency and immutability of the voting process. This data is publicly accessible and verifiable by anyone. While the voting data is public, the identity of the voters remains pseudonymous, linked only to their wallet addresses, to maintain the utmost security and privacy possible. Outcome Verification & Reward Distribution The voting period will take place once every two hours, during that time users can vote on where the price will be by the end of the voting period. Although to prevent potential security flaws voting will pause 10 minutes before the next interval. At the end of each voting period an oracle will retrieve the actual price data from a reliable source. The smart contract will then verify the outcome by comparing the actual price change to the community's predictions. Participants who make the closest predictions about price movements will receive rewards from the pool of staked tokens. The rewards are distributed proportionally based on the amount staked, which encourages accurate predictions and active participation. Those who make the furthest incorrect predictions forfeit their staked tokens, which are then redistributed among the correct predictors. Security & Fairness The smart contract ensures that the voting process is secure and tamper-proof. Utilizing a reliable oracle minimizes the risk of manipulation, maintaining the integrity of the prediction outcomes. Community Engagement My vision for MANA is promoting active community engagement by enabling members to actively participate in market predictions. This initiative not only provides invaluable insights into market trends, but also fosters a gamified experience that is both educational and rewarding.  I want to allow users to get people stake as much money as they want so long as they can afford it, essentially balancing balances user autonomy with their own discretion. Use Cases: Trading Signals: Traders can confidently utilize the collective predictions as signals to inform and enhance their trading strategies. Market Analysis: Analysts and researchers can rely on the aggregated data for in-depth market sentiment analysis. Gamified Learning: Trading novices can confidently immerse themselves in learning about market dynamics in an engaging, low-risk environment. Competitive High Risk Earning: Traders with the most confidence can stake MNAT tokens for potentially higher gains allowing users to mix their earning with their day trading tasks. Trading Signals: Traders can confidently utilize the collective predictions as signals to inform and enhance their trading strategies. Market Analysis: Analysts and researchers can rely on the aggregated data for in-depth market sentiment analysis. Gamified Learning: Trading novices can confidently immerse themselves in learning about market dynamics in an engaging, low-risk environment. Competitive High Risk Earning: Traders with the most confidence can stake MNAT tokens for potentially higher gains allowing users to mix their earning with their day trading tasks. Technical Details Technical Details Smart Contract & Oracle Integration The MANA smart contract is built on the secure and stable Ethereum network, ensuring efficient and reliable execution of voting, staking, and reward distribution. A robust and decentralized oracle system fetches accurate price data, ensuring the integrity and reliability of the outcome verification process. Tokenomics Token Name: Mana Token Token Symbol: MNAT Total Supply: 333,000,000 MNAT MNAT tokens are used for staking, voting, and reward distribution within the MANA platform. Please take note of the following planned token allocation (ACTIVELY SUBJECT TO CHANGE): Founder's Allocation: 15% (49.95M MNAT) Development Fund: 15% (49.95M MNAT) Marketing and Partnerships: 10% (33.3M MNAT) Community and Ecosystem Incentives: 20% (66.6M MNAT) Liquidity Pool: 35% (116.M MNAT) Reserve Fund: 5% (16.65M MNAT) Founder's Allocation: 15% (49.95M MNAT) Development Fund: 15% (49.95M MNAT) Marketing and Partnerships: 10% (33.3M MNAT) Community and Ecosystem Incentives: 20% (66.6M MNAT) Liquidity Pool: 35% (116.M MNAT) Reserve Fund: 5% (16.65M MNAT) Roadmap Q3 2024: Concept Development and White Paper Release Q4 2024: Smart Contract Development and Testing Q1 2025: Oracle Integration and Platform Beta Launch Q2 2025: Full Platform Launch and Community Building Q3 2025: Expansion to Additional Assets and Enhanced Features Q3 2024: Concept Development and White Paper Release Q4 2024: Smart Contract Development and Testing Q1 2025: Oracle Integration and Platform Beta Launch Q2 2025: Full Platform Launch and Community Building Q3 2025: Expansion to Additional Assets and Enhanced Features Conclusion MANA represents an approach to decentralized price prediction, leveraging the power of community intelligence and blockchain technology. By allowing participants to stake MNAT tokens and vote on price movements, MANA creates a transparent, fair, and engaging platform for market predictions. Join us in revolutionizing the way we understand and engage with financial markets. Lets see what the effect of the platform (if grown large enough) has on the greater crypto market. Thanks for reading, V. Link to Git Repo (Don’t bother reading the README): MANA - Global Participation in the face of uncertainty (Don’t bother reading the README): MANA - Global Participation in the face of uncertainty

Proposal for a Collective Price Prediction Protocol

একটি সমষ্টিগত মূল্য পূর্বাভাস প্রোটোকল জন্য প্রস্তাব

Vorschlag für ein kollektives Preisvorhersageprotokoll

Propuesta de protocolo colectivo de predicción de precios

Proposition d’un protocole collectif de prévision des prix

सामूहिक मूल्य पूर्वानुमान प्रोटोकॉल का प्रस्ताव

集合的価格予測プロトコルの提案

집단 가격 예측 프로토콜에 대한 제안

Proposta de Protocolo Coletivo de Previsão de Preços

Предложение по протоколу коллективного прогнозирования цен

Toplu Fiyat Tahmin Protokolü Önerisi

Đề xuất về Giao thức dự đoán giá tập thể

集体价格预测协议提案

How to Optimize SaaS Pricing for Maximum Profitability

সর্বাধিক লাভের জন্য কীভাবে SaaS মূল্য অপ্টিমাইজ করবেন

So optimieren Sie die SaaS-Preise für maximale Rentabilität

Cómo optimizar los precios de SaaS para obtener la máxima rentabilidad

Comment optimiser la tarification SaaS pour une rentabilité maximale

अधिकतम लाभप्रदता के लिए SaaS मूल्य निर्धारण को कैसे अनुकूलित करें

SaaS の価格設定を最適化して収益性を最大化する方法

최대 수익성을 위해 SaaS 가격을 최적화하는 방법

Como otimizar os preços de SaaS para obter lucratividade máxima

Как оптимизировать цены на SaaS для максимальной прибыльности

Maksimum Karlılık için SaaS Fiyatlandırmasını Optimize Etme

Cách tối ưu hóa giá SaaS để có lợi nhuận tối đa

如何优化 SaaS 定价以实现最大盈利

The New Classroom: The Role of AI in Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development

In recent years, headlines have been flooded with reports of cybercriminals arrested for orchestrating ransomware attacks and employing extortion tactics. Despite awareness and efforts to combat these threats, ransomware gangs continue to thrive, reaping profits from their activities. This begs the question: How are ransomware gangs as profitable as they are? The evolution of Ransomware into a service. Ransomware has undergone a dramatic evolution since its inception in the 1990s. Originally, it was largely a one-off endeavor, with cybercriminals conducting isolated attacks targeting individual users. However, as technology advanced and cyber defenses improved, ransomware tactics also evolved. Fast forward to the present day, ransomware has transformed into a sophisticated and lucrative business model, generating billions of dollars in illicit profits annually. Ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) platforms give access to ransomware tools, allowing even those with limited technical expertise to launch attacks in exchange for a share of the ransom payments. This combination of technological advancements, economic incentives, recruitment tactics, and offering support to victims has turned ransomware into a multi-billion-dollar industry, making it a significant threat to individuals, businesses, and critical infrastructure worldwide. Trust is a hard concept. The rise of Ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) platforms has democratized access to ransomware tools, allowing cybercriminals of varying skill levels to participate in extortion schemes. Raas provides everything from ransomware code to payment processing services, enabling affiliates to execute attacks in exchange for a percentage of the ransom proceeds. This model has lowered the barrier to entry for cybercrime, resulting in an influx of new actors entering the ransomware crime syndicate. RaaS platforms have revolutionized the ransomware business and actually reflect standard business practices and operations. One such business practice is the support options that are available to victims. Ransomware groups have transformed their operations into sophisticated support services for their victims. These services extend beyond providing ransomware code and include technical assistance, customer support, and even negotiation services. Victims can access dedicated forums or communication channels such as TOX, where they can speak with support about any issue or issues they are facing. Some sites offer a detailed description of how to use their support system including the use of proper etiquette. Another example is the mission statement of Ransomware groups. Despite their illicit nature, ransomware groups often display their mission statements through their actions and communications. While they may not articulate their objectives in formal documents or public declarations, their actions speak volumes about their goals and motivations. For instance, the targeting of specific industries or organizations can indicate a desire to maximize financial gain or exert influence over critical infrastructure. In essence, ransomware groups convey their mission through their actions. Show me the money!!! At its core, ransomware is a lucrative business venture for cybercriminals. The potential for high profits with relatively low risk has attracted individuals and organized groups alike to engage in ransomware operations. With the ability to target a wide range of victims, including individuals, businesses, and even critical infrastructure, the financial rewards can be substantial. “Joining the alliance advantage” option can gain you 90% of the payment. All that is needed is your Bitcoin wallet address as a payment method. They will pay you first and they will take their 10%…you may go to prison but that is the risk of success, I guess. Just like the cybersecurity job market, cybercriminals are offering high salaries and assorted perks to attract the best for the job. Some job ads have annual salaries of as much as $1.2 million for the most skilled cybercriminals. Other positions include attack specialists, reverse engineers, testers, analysts, and administrators. In an article published by “Just as any other business, cybercrime needs labor. New team members to participate in cyberattacks and other illegal activities are recruited right where the business is done – on the dark web. We reviewed job ads and resumes that were posted on 155 dark web forums from January 2020 through June 2022 and analyzed those containing information about a long-term engagement or a full-time job.” securelist.com Below is an organizational chart workflow of how recruits would function. “A total of roughly 200,000 employment-related ads were posted on the dark web forums during the period in question. The largest number of these, or 41% of the total, were posted in 2020. Posting activity peaked in March 2020, possibly caused by a pandemic-related experienced by part of the population.” income drop Below are examples of Job postings resumes that ranged from a diverse group of individuals looking for various forms of work on the dark web. Don’t pay and you will pay. The transition to extortion in ransomware was a significant move in profitability for cybercriminals. While traditional ransomware attacks involved encrypting data and demanding payment for its release, extortion tactics expanded the scope of potential victims and increased the potential for higher payouts. By exfiltrating sensitive data before encrypting it, ransomware gangs gained leverage over victims, threatening to expose or sell the stolen information if ransom demands were not met. This approach proved to be more lucrative for several reasons. Firstly, victims faced the double threat of data loss and reputational damage, making them more likely to comply with ransom demands. Secondly, the value of stolen data could far exceed the ransom amount, especially for organizations storing valuable intellectual property or sensitive customer information. The attack on Change Healthcare was an example out of many where Ransomware cybercriminals used extortion to turn more profit. According to “This development is likely to lead to more sophisticated and advanced extortion methods. For example, rather than relying solely on encrypting a company’s data for ransom, Eagan said she expects hackers will employ double or even triple extortion strategies, encrypting sensitive data but also threatening to leak or sell stolen data unless their ransom demands are met. With so much going on, Thakar said the cybersecurity landscape continues to be a cat and mouse game: “Companies come up with a better way to defend, the bad guys figure out another way to go after businesses.” cnbc.com The Pheonix and the Hydra. When law enforcement agencies such as the FBI take down a website associated with ransomware operations, cybercriminals often execute their disaster recovery (DR) plans. These plans typically involve redundant infrastructure, decentralized communication channels, and backup mechanisms to ensure continuity of operations in the event of disruption. In response to takedowns, ransomware groups may leverage their networks and resources to quickly bring the website back online, either through alternative hosting providers, mirror sites, or through peer-to-peer communication protocols. Moreover, the takedown of a major website like Lockbit can serve as a rallying point for cybercriminal communities, prompting them to unite their efforts in restoring operations and retaliating against law enforcement actions. This coordinated response highlights the agility and adaptability of ransomware groups in the face of regulatory scrutiny and underscores the ongoing challenge of disrupting their illicit activities. According to “LockBit is now running from backup servers and has a new Dark Web presence after their site's recent takedown by the FBI and international partners”. techrepublic.com In conclusion, the resilience and adaptability of ransomware gangs, coupled with their sophisticated business model and operational strategies, have solidified their status as the highly profitable business of cybercrime. Their ability to communicate with other criminals and victims, coupled with their ability to restore operations swiftly following law enforcement takedowns, underscores the challenge to the world. Despite continuous efforts to combat ransomware, the nature of these operations, fueled by the potential for substantial financial gain and the anonymity afforded by cryptocurrencies, suggests that ransomware is a threat that is unlikely to disappear anytime soon. The Cybersecurity world will always be the phoenix rising from the ashes as ransomware gangs are the hydra remaining constant even when one head is removed…another takes its place.

Risky Business: Decrypting the Profitable World of Ransomware Operations 

Should you sell your stocks and stockings, bonds and Bond 7, TV, vacuum cleaner, and music system to buy bitcoins and power a Bitcoin node miner? Calculations say YES if you want to make more money instead of spending more. is an energy-guzzling beast, but so are TV sets, refrigerators, air conditioners, cars, planes, and private jets. But while this momentous currency is decried for daring to consume “too much energy”, some back-of-the-envelope calculations show that electricity companies worldwide, including their clients, would make more money prioritizing electricity for Bitcoin. Bitcoin I daresay, Bitcoin might come for Sam Altman’s dreamy 7 trillion dollar funding. Both Bitcoin and ChatGPT , but may minimize its prospects. So if governments decide that financing AI is more trouble than it is worth, they may set up some good ol’ Bitcoin node miners themselves. Sign all-important transactions with other governments for cheap. Like oil deal transactions! consume a lot of energy AI’s racial biases This article is NOT financial advice. Please DYOR! The Calculations Annual Energy Consumption Depending on your sources, Bitcoin’s energy consumption is headed for 200TWh soon. This is from the below statement by the US Energy Information Agency; The CBECI estimates that global electricity usage associated with Bitcoin mining ranged from 67 TWh to 240 TWh in 2023, with a point estimate of 120 TWh - Source Why the EIA doesn’t supply tighter figures is anybody’s guess (there is a margin of error as wide as 173TWh if we subtract 67 from 240). But let’s take their point estimate and presume, generously, that it will balloon to 200TWh before long. Especially now that its value proposition has attracted big investors like Blackrock and Fidelity, each with trillions of dollars in AUM. We now need to convert 200TWh into KWh, which we price as electricity units sold by utility companies. We find that this year, Bitcoin might consume 200 billion KWh. The Cost Per , Ireland paid the most for its electricity last year. Up to $0.52 per KWh. A global average is hard to come by though it is likely under $0.2 per KWh. So let us assume, at the upper end, that Bitcoiners were paying top dollar for their power. Say $0.6 per KWh to also capture electricity consumed by trading desks, Lightning Node operators, lighting, smartphone charging, etc. Statista Their electricity bill for this year is thus capped at $120 billion. My oh my. Can they recoup from this investment? The Net Income This is the part where I speculate but based on the data. First, the truth. From the 1st of January to the 20th of April 2024, 6.25 BTC will be mined every 10 minutes. Thereafter, only 3.125 BTC will be mined every 10 minutes. Total bitcoins that will be mined this year thus = 144 x (6.25 x 110 + 3.125 x 256 ) = 214,200. This is everything that Bitcoin miners will be fighting for. 10-minute-blocks days days The total circulating supply available to all humanity will remain more/less 19 million. Because people have lost some and people will lose some of the new coins. It happens. Now we speculate. We shall make 1 assumption: 1. Bitcoin’s value will return an annualized growth rate of +60% this year, as it has done for the last 10 years - Source Though looking at another source, I feel like it has been much more. Anyway, let’s take the current price, approximately 60,000, and assume it will help us average +60% this year by the close of the year on 31st December 2024. So Bitcoin’s price at that time will be $96,000. How much money will it have made all its miners, hodlers, traders, speculators, and newbies? Taking the market cap which considers all 21,000,000 coins that can be mined, we have an increase in value / net income by the protocol of $36,000 x 21 milllion = $756 billion. The Profit Profit = Net income – Costs = $756 billion - $120 billion = $636 billion. This will likely make it the most profitable investment of the year. Hands down. Conclusion Last year, Oil company Saudi Aramco posted the highest revenue of any company in the world, with profits well over $247 billion – . Statista I can’t stop thinking, what if Bitcoin was the global reserve currency used for oil trade by all countries in the world? How many trillions of dollars would this energetic duo hit? It is hard to imagine. in profit Maybe $7 trillion per year.

Bitcoin Set To Become Most Profitable Investment This Year

Recently, Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin proposed integrating (ZK-EVM) into Ethereum's Layer-1. This proposal is aimed at creating a native system within the Ethereum protocol that utilizes Zero-Knowledge Proofs for the verification of Ethereum blocks. an enshrined Zero-Knowledge Ethereum Virtual Machine The primary objective of integrating ZK-EVM into Ethereum's core is to reduce the blockchain's dependence on external codebases, potentially lowering the risks associated with bugs in these systems. The proposal suggests that incorporating ZK-EVM at the protocol level could improve Ethereum's network operations' security and processing speed. The idea of "enshrining" ZK-EVM within Ethereum's protocol is significant because it represents a structural enhancement to the blockchain's framework. The proposal aims to bolster the network's efficiency and security capabilities by making ZK-EVM a core component of Ethereum. This integration is also aligned with Ethereum's multi-client philosophy, which supports the use of various proving systems across different clients. The enshrinement of ZK-EVM is presented as a strategic update to Ethereum's infrastructure, designed to address scalability, privacy, and efficiency challenges, thereby supporting Ethereum's growth and adaptation to future demands. An example of a ZK-VM is the Polygon zkEVM, a bit like a turbo-charged engine for blockchain apps, designed to work with Ethereum but faster and cheaper. It's a kind of virtual machine that uses something called zero-knowledge proofs to process transactions. These proofs help speed things up and cut costs, all while keeping the rock-solid security Ethereum is known for. Under the hood, Polygon zkEVM uses a combination of two technologies, SNARKs and STARKs, to make things efficient and speedy. SNARKs help make the data smaller, which is great for saving space and costs, while STARKs speed up the process of proving that transactions are legit. By running several of these proof generators simultaneously, Polygon zkEVM can handle many more transactions at once, making the whole system faster and smoother for everyone. Another example is Linea, a Type 2 zkEVM with full EVM equivalence that enables compatibility with most of Ethereum's decentralized applications (DApps). Consequently, developers can port their DApps from Ethereum to Linea without extensive modifications. This compatibility extends to the ease of migrating code back to Ethereum or to other EVM-compatible blockchains, emphasizing Linea's adaptability and interoperability within the broader blockchain ecosystem. Since it is EVM-equivalent, it operates similarly to Ethereum's mainnet, providing a platform for developers to create and use smart contracts in an environment they are already familiar with. This similarity is designed to facilitate the transition for developers accustomed to Ethereum, enabling them to utilize Linea without significant adjustments to their workflow. The Developer Exodus to EVM Chains Electric Capital's latest report sheds light on a fascinating shift happening in the blockchain world: a huge number of developers are flocking to Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)-compatible chains. The report reveals a staggering fact - This shows how EVM chains are a magnet for developer talent and points to a significant change in where developers choose to spend their time and energy. 87% of all multichain developers have worked on at least one EVM-compatible network. The report also discusses a cool trend of "cross-pollination" among developers. A big chunk of them are not just sticking to one but are spreading their ideas and code across different EVM-compatible chains. The EVM ecosystem is where they want to be. So, what's pulling developers towards EVM chains? A few big reasons stand out. For starters, these chains gel well with Ethereum's standards and protocols, making it easy for developers to jump in without skipping a beat. They can use what they already know and what they've already built, cutting down on the time and effort needed to get up to speed. For example, the EOS EVM works as a bridge between the EOS and Ethereum ecosystems, letting developers bring over Solidity-based projects—think digital assets and dApps—from Ethereum into the high-speed, high-efficiency world of EOS. It's like taking the best of both worlds: Ethereum's rich ecosystem and mature tools, and combining them with the power-packed performance EOS is known for. The EVM also supports WebSocket a tool for developing applications that need to talk back and forth with the server in real-time, without the delay you'd typically get with regular HTTP requests. This means developers can build more responsive and interactive applications directly on the EOS EVM, from chat apps and live trading platforms to DeFi notifications and NFT mint tracking. Then there's the toolbox and community support with Ethereum and its kin. Developers can access everything from top-notch documentation to ready-made smart contract templates and forums full of fellow coding enthusiasts. This wealth of resources makes it a breeze to build, experiment, and innovate. But it's not just about the ease of use. Cost and scalability are huge, too. With Ethereum's gas fees sometimes hitting the roof, developers are looking for places to build without burning through cash. EVM-compatible chains often offer a sweet spot of lower costs and higher performance, making them super appealing for anyone wanting to deploy dApps or smart contracts. Plus, the rise of layer-2 solutions and sidechains means even better scalability and affordability, all while staying friendly with Ethereum's ecosystem. Real-life stories of projects making the move to EVM chains are everywhere. Take Polygon and Binance Smart Chain, which have become hotspots for everything from DeFi projects to NFT marketplaces. Developers behind these moves often talk about how the switch made sense for them in terms of deployment ease, cost savings, and reaching a wider audience. Hearing from developers themselves, it's clear they're thinking strategically. They're not just chasing the next big thing; they're looking for platforms that offer the best mix of tech savvy, economic sense, and audience reach. This shift to EVM-compatible chains isn't just a trend. It's a calculated move by developers aiming to maximize the blockchain's potential, focusing on efficiency, scalability, and the chance to connect with more users. The Rising Adoption of EVM as a Cost-Effective Alternative Flipside, a platform diving deep into blockchain data, as a wallet-friendly choice in the blockchain world. They've noticed a big trend: people and developers are leaning more towards EVM-compatible layer-2 networks. has shed light on how the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is gaining traction Searching for cheaper transaction costs and quicker processing times mainly drives this move. Given Ethereum's own struggles with sky-high gas fees and jam-packed networks, it's no surprise that folks are looking for smoother options. Flipside's findings suggest this isn't just a fleeting trend. It looks like we're witnessing a shift that could really shake up the market, pushing towards alternatives to Ethereum. The push for EVM-compatible options is part of a larger movement in the industry, where keeping costs down and boosting performance is key. New players and ecosystems might enter the scene as developers and users flock to platforms that strike the correct balance between cost efficiency and performance. This could lead to a more diverse blockchain ecosystem, with various chains and layer-2 solutions living side by side, offering more choices to developers and users alike. The landscape for EVM chains and Ethereum seems set for continuous evolution, with upgrades aimed at tackling scalability and affordability. How EVM-compatible chains fit into this picture will likely shift as these improvements roll out. Aspects like environmental impact, governance, and how well different systems work together will take on bigger roles as the ecosystem grows. Moreover, the ability for Ethereum and EVM-compatible chains to work seamlessly together will be vital for a cohesive blockchain ecosystem that doesn't sacrifice security or the spirit of decentralization for efficiency and user experience. Flipside's insights into the EVM's rise as a budget-friendly alternative highlight a significant moment for the blockchain industry. This trend is shaking up the competitive landscape and fuelling innovation, possibly leading to the birth of new platforms and ecosystems. As the blockchain space continues to unfold, the importance of sustainability, governance, and interoperability in shaping the future success of EVM chains and Ethereum will only grow. These trends paint a picture of a blockchain future where adaptability, efficiency, and inclusivity are front and center. Conclusion The Ethereum and its underlying technology, the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), is undergoing some pretty exciting changes. It's a time full of opportunities for developers, investors, and anyone passionate about blockchain. As more chains become compatible with EVM and innovations keep popping up within Ethereum itself, we're seeing a sector that's growing fast and opening new doors for exploration, development, and investment. The expanding EVM ecosystem is like a vast playground for the tech wizards out there. Innovations like ZK-EVM are making Ethereum more scalable and private, making it an even better place for developing decentralized apps. Whether you're into creating the next big DeFi platform, crafting unique NFT experiences, or pushing the boundaries with new blockchain apps, now's the time to dive in. The community's strong, the tools and endless possibilities exist. Investors, you're up for an exciting ride too. Electric Capital and Flipside reports show a surge of interest in EVM-compatible solutions. This buzz is creating a fertile ground for investments that could pay off big time down the line. It's a good moment to look into projects and platforms within the EVM ecosystem, as your investments could help shape the future of decentralized tech. And let's not forget the blockchain enthusiasts – your voice matters more than ever. Getting involved in governance, joining the conversation in community forums, or spreading the latest in EVM tech can make a real difference. These collective actions will help push the ecosystem to be more open, inclusive, and true to the spirit of decentralization.

EVMs in 2024: Vitalik's ZK-EVM Proposal and the Developer Shift to EVM Chains

The IT industry is booming, and there is a high demand for skilled engineers and developers - especially in fields like DevOps, where a wide range of knowledge and vision are essential. Vasilii Angapov, one of the most renowned DevOps engineers and a respected expert in containerization and cloud technologies, shared his insights on the current trends in the industry and how to become a truly exceptional professional. Vasilii Angapov is the Senior Architect at an international IT consulting firm based in the United States. He holds the rare and highly valuable Red Hat Certified Architect certification, along with top-tier professional certifications from Amazon, Google, Microsoft, IBM, and the Linux Foundation. Q: Vasilii, you have more than 10 years of experience and unique expertise as a DevOps engineer. You started your DevOps career in the CIS, working for the consulting company GDC. What kind of projects did you work on there? A: At GDC, one of my main roles was as a system administrator and lead UNIX engineer for Mazda Logistics, which has an office in Brussels. I had to maintain a large infrastructure based on the VMware vSphere virtualization platform. I was directly responsible for more than 200 servers in several data centers, while the company had over a thousand machines running RHEL, SLES, and HP-UX operating systems. I also had to make architectural decisions and implement new software solutions, often manually. It was challenging and demanding work, sometimes requiring night shifts. I managed to simplify these processes significantly for the company by automating infrastructure management using the Puppet configuration management system. Another major project I was involved in was building an internal private cloud for Mazda Logistics based on the OpenStack platform. The company wanted to speed up application development and delivery by adopting new private cloud technologies. While deploying the private cloud with my team, I not only learned how OpenStack works, but also developed some extra features, such as Neutron SSL VPN, Neutron port-forwarding, and Ceph dashboard. These credentials enhance my marketability and drive my ongoing growth, pushing me to stay updated in the ever-evolving tech landscape. Also, I take pride in being one of only fifteen Red Hat Certified Architects in CIS countries. Q: There are few specialists in the market who have extensive knowledge of OpenStack and experience with large cloud systems based on it. How did this rare expertise affect your future career in DevOps? A: My knowledge of OpenStack was the key factor that enabled me to join Wargaming, a legendary video game developer based in Cyprus. Wargaming is the company behind the MMO game World of Tanks, which has an audience of more than 160 million people worldwide. They also needed a private cloud on OpenStack - and there were hardly any specialists with relevant experience in the market. OpenStack has a high learning curve: it is not easy to understand and master the principles of this architecture, let alone study it in depth. That is why my OpenStack certificates from Red Hat impressed the company at that time, and they entrusted me with the project. It was an ambitious project: they wanted to set up a cloud from scratch for 5,000 servers across the world, from the United States and Europe to Asia and Australia. I completed it in two years and migrated more than two-thirds of Wargaming's web services to OpenStack.The company gained a significant performance boost: one of the key product metrics, Time to Market (TTM), improved by ten times. This is the time it takes for a company's product to go from the stage of code writing to its end user in a finished form. Before I joined the company, TTM was measured in weeks and months, but after that, it was measured in hours, sometimes minutes. That is why I can proudly say that I brought unique value to the company and trained a team of 15 people as well. Q: You are not only an expert in OpenStack - you also have strong skills in virtualization and software containerization systems.  Where and how did you use this knowledge? How did it benefit the business? A: A significant stage in my career was working with Bell Integrator, a large international consulting company. Through them, I worked with the American office of Juniper Networks, which is the second largest company in the world in terms of network equipment sales, i.e., a major part of the Internet runs on Juniper Networks equipment. There I was developing software for the NFV (Network Functions Virtualization) and SDN (Software Defined Network) project - writing code in Python. NFV makes network hardware more efficient: instead of physical devices, services are delivered using virtual network functions (VNFs) that run on standard servers. Virtual resources can be allocated to users on demand, utilizing the potential of devices 100% - as a result, the company saves millions of dollars on buying network equipment, and consequently, the end user gets a cheaper service. Besides that, during my time with Juniper Networks, I learned about containerization technology. As part of my work at Bell Integrator, I also participated in creating a unique project called Neuton - a machine learning model that could make predictions based on statistical data loaded into it. At that time, the Neuton model significantly surpassed existing analogs in terms of prediction accuracy and speed. I deployed the model in public cloud services - partly in AWS, and partly in Google Cloud. Eventually, Google Corporation became interested in our model. At their request, we took part in architectural planning with the Google team. They also gave us a big discount for computing resources in their cloud. As a result, the Neuton ML platform completely migrated to the Google Cloud platform. Moving from AWS to Google was an interesting experience that allowed me to enhance my knowledge of these environments. Another aspect of the experience I gained from this project was building and testing fault-tolerant systems. My task was to make sure that the infrastructure on which Neuton was running would automatically recover within an hour if an entire region of a cloud provider went down. It was a big challenge, the infrastructure was extensive - with many virtual machines, clusters, and databases - but I managed to set it all up so that it could resume quickly after any disaster without human intervention. In the process, I gained invaluable experience in stress testing, load testing, and identifying bottlenecks in distributed systems. In the end, through careful Disaster Recovery scenarios and stress testing, my team and I were able to create a system that was not just fault-tolerant, but disaster-resistant. I also automated as many processes as possible, and the system I built essentially worked on its own. Q: What international projects are you currently working on? A: Currently, I am working as a Senior Architect for Li9, a company that provides DevOps and cloud solutions. As part of my collaboration with them, I worked with Veeva Systems, a company that creates software for the US healthcare industry. There I implemented a fault-tolerant development platform called Gitlab. My goal was to create a system that could withstand, for example, the failure of an entire region. My work significantly improved the RTO (Recovery Time Objective), which is the time it takes for a system to recover from a failure. Before I joined the project, it was about 6-10 hours, because the system had to be repaired manually in case of an emergency. The introduction of the new architecture reduced the RTO to 10 minutes - the system was restored automatically. Another indicator that shows the importance of the quality work of the architect is RPO (Recovery Point Objective), which measures how much data is lost in case of system failure and recovery. For example, in Veeva Systems, all the data for the previous half an hour of operation was lost in a breakdown. With the new system, all the data was preserved, which means that the RPO was reduced to almost zero. I also worked on a project for Expeditors, an American logistics company that is on the Fortune 500 list. They used ManageIQ, an infrastructure management platform that allowed developers to request resources and managers to estimate costs and authorizations. I was part of the team that successfully added a multi-stage approval system to it and optimized the system. Today, I have been working at a large US company Thryv Holdings Inc. for more than two years as a Senior DevOps Engineer. At Thryv, for example, I have implemented several production Kubernetes clusters in different data centers and AWS/Azure cloud services - now the company's applications are hosted in several regions. Plus, I optimized the AWS and Azure accounts themselves, saving the company hundreds of thousands of dollars a year. Millions of dollars more were saved when I migrated the company's enterprise task scheduling system from IBM Tivoli Workload Scheduler (TWS), a proprietary service, to Argo Workflows, an open-source solution. Additionally, I automated routine tasks using Ansible AWX, saving Thryv engineers valuable time. Q: You've often had to build unique systems and set up complex processes for which standard methods are suitable. Can you give us some examples of when you had to improvise and invent something new? A: At Thryv, I had the opportunity to create a unique solution: to containerize legacy applications written in one of the first programming languages - COBOL. It started to be actively used back in 1968, and since then, it has been used in 90% of financial transactions worldwide. Of course, by now this language is super outdated, and almost all the specialists who have ever worked with it retired long ago. We faced a difficult assignment. It would seem that such an old programming language as COBOL was hardly compatible with modern approaches to systems design in general and containerization technology in particular. Nevertheless, my team and I managed to get rid of outdated and extremely resource-intensive mainframes and to carry out a complete optimization. As a result, the client company saved millions of dollars with our contribution. Another illustrative example of when I had to apply non-standard approaches was in the process of customizing the functionality of the OpenStack platform. I had to enhance it in order to align the system with the needs of Wargaming. I was involved in developing various plugins, for example, I created a VPN-as-a-service plugin for OpenStack from scratch. I also made a number of modifications to the OpenStack code written in Python. I have also automated OpenStack deployment as much as possible. Previously, deploying this system was a huge headache: there was no single universally accepted way to install it, and the process turned into an agonizing quest in which every mistake was costly. However, I automated the installation and adapted the process even for people who don't know the system thoroughly. Q: How is the DevOps engineer field changing lately? What trends should colleagues keep an eye on in the coming year? A: The first and most obvious trend is the growing demand for MLOps (Machine Learning Operations) engineers. Machine learning technologies have been around for a while, but they have recently become more advanced and widely used, especially with the advent of ChatGPT technology, ML received an impetus to the popularity effect. The challenge for MLOps engineers is to automate the deployment of machine learning models on various computing platforms. This requires a deep understanding of both machine learning and DevOps, as there are not many established best practices or guidelines in this domain so far. The second trend is containerization. Containers have become the standard enterprise way of delivering applications, replacing virtual machines in most cases. Therefore, Kubernetes and containerization skills are essential for DevOps engineers. And the third trend is cloud platforms. Cloud platforms have been popular for a long time, as they offer many benefits over owning and managing servers. They allow the transformation of long-term capital expenditures to day-to-day operational expenses which is essential for startup projects. Public cloud platforms such as Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud Platform, and Microsoft Azure provide a huge number of managed services in different areas, including machine learning and containers. DevOps engineers need to be familiar with these services and how to use them effectively. Q: Becoming a successful DevOps engineer, Is it necessary to get a university education for this? What skills should a beginner learn right now? A: A university degree is not a requirement for becoming a DevOps engineer. However, the university can help you develop some soft skills that are useful in any career. For example, in the university, you can learn how to learn. So in general, I don't think higher education is worthless, but you can also pursue a career in IT without it. Instead, you should take specialized courses and keep learning new things. I do this myself every day. No one knows everything in this field: I still learn as much as I did when I started. When you stop learning, you stop being an IT person. You can't afford to be complacent, because the IT industry is evolving so fast, and you have to keep up with the latest trends. Otherwise, you might fall behind and miss the opportunities that are ahead of you. And one of the key points is troubleshooting skills. You have to find the root cause of the problem and solve it. The ability and willingness to dig deep and understand is crucial.

"DevOps Engineers Boost the Efficiency and Profitability of High-Tech Business" - Vasilii Angapov

Doctor Thorne by Anthony Trollope, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . The Proposal here The Proposal And now the departures from Courcy Castle came rapidly one after another, and there remained but one more evening before Miss Dunstable's carriage was to be packed. The countess, in the early moments of Frank's courtship, had controlled his ardour and checked the rapidity of his amorous professions; but as days, and at last weeks, wore away, she found that it was necessary to stir the fire which she had before endeavoured to slacken. "There will be nobody here to-night but our own circle," said she to him, "and I really think you should tell Miss Dunstable what your intentions are. She will have fair ground to complain of you if you do not." Frank began to feel that he was in a dilemma. He had commenced making love to Miss Dunstable partly because he liked the amusement, and partly from a satirical propensity to quiz his aunt by appearing to fall into her scheme. But he had overshot the mark, and did not know what answer to give when he was thus called upon to make a downright proposal. And then, although he did not care two rushes about Miss Dunstable in the way of love, he nevertheless experienced a sort of jealousy when he found that she appeared to be indifferent to him, and that she corresponded the meanwhile with his cousin George. Though all their flirtations had been carried on on both sides palpably by way of fun, though Frank had told himself ten times a day that his heart was true to Mary Thorne, yet he had an undefined feeling that it behoved Miss Dunstable to be a little in love with him. He was not quite at ease in that she was not a little melancholy now that his departure was so nigh; and, above all, he was anxious to know what were the real facts about that letter. He had in his own breast threatened Miss Dunstable with a heartache; and now, when the time for their separation came, he found that his own heart was the more likely to ache of the two. "I suppose I must say something to her, or my aunt will never be satisfied," said he to himself as he sauntered into the little drawing-room on that last evening. But at the very time he was ashamed of himself, for he knew he was going to ask badly. His sister and one of his cousins were in the room, but his aunt, who was quite on the alert, soon got them out of it, and Frank and Miss Dunstable were alone. "So all our fun and all our laughter is come to an end," said she, beginning the conversation. "I don't know how you feel, but for myself I really am a little melancholy at the idea of parting;" and she looked up at him with her laughing black eyes, as though she never had, and never could have a care in the world. "Melancholy! oh, yes; you look so," said Frank, who really did feel somewhat lackadaisically sentimental. "But how thoroughly glad the countess must be that we are both going," continued she. "I declare we have treated her most infamously. Ever since we've been here we've had all the amusement to ourselves. I've sometimes thought she would turn me out of the house." "I wish with all my heart she had." "Oh, you cruel barbarian! why on earth should you wish that?" "That I might have joined you in your exile. I hate Courcy Castle, and should have rejoiced to leave—and—and—" "And what?" "And I love Miss Dunstable, and should have doubly, trebly rejoiced to leave it with her." Frank's voice quivered a little as he made this gallant profession; but still Miss Dunstable only laughed the louder. "Upon my word, of all my knights you are by far the best behaved," said she, "and say much the prettiest things." Frank became rather red in the face, and felt that he did so. Miss Dunstable was treating him like a boy. While she pretended to be so fond of him she was only laughing at him, and corresponding the while with his cousin George. Now Frank Gresham already entertained a sort of contempt for his cousin, which increased the bitterness of his feelings. Could it really be possible that George had succeeded while he had utterly failed; that his stupid cousin had touched the heart of the heiress while she was playing with him as with a boy? "Of all your knights! Is that the way you talk to me when we are going to part? When was it, Miss Dunstable, that George de Courcy became one of them?" Miss Dunstable for a while looked serious enough. "What makes you ask that?" said she. "What makes you inquire about Mr de Courcy?" "Oh, I have eyes, you know, and can't help seeing. Not that I see, or have seen anything that I could possibly help." "And what have you seen, Mr Gresham?" "Why, I know you have been writing to him." "Did he tell you so?" "No; he did not tell me; but I know it." For a moment she sat silent, and then her face again resumed its usual happy smile. "Come, Mr Gresham, you are not going to quarrel with me, I hope, even if I did write a letter to your cousin. Why should I not write to him? I correspond with all manner of people. I'll write to you some of these days if you'll let me, and will promise to answer my letters." Frank threw himself back on the sofa on which he was sitting, and, in doing so, brought himself somewhat nearer to his companion than he had been; he then drew his hand slowly across his forehead, pushing back his thick hair, and as he did so he sighed somewhat plaintively. "I do not care," said he, "for the privilege of correspondence on such terms. If my cousin George is to be a correspondent of yours also, I will give up my claim." And then he sighed again, so that it was piteous to hear him. He was certainly an arrant puppy, and an egregious ass into the bargain; but then, it must be remembered in his favour that he was only twenty-one, and that much had been done to spoil him. Miss Dunstable did remember this, and therefore abstained from laughing at him. "Why, Mr Gresham, what on earth do you mean? In all human probability I shall never write another line to Mr de Courcy; but, if I did, what possible harm could it do you?" "Oh, Miss Dunstable! you do not in the least understand what my feelings are." "Don't I? Then I hope I never shall. I thought I did. I thought they were the feelings of a good, true-hearted friend; feelings that I could sometimes look back upon with pleasure as being honest when so much that one meets is false. I have become very fond of you, Mr Gresham, and I should be sorry to think that I did not understand your feelings." This was almost worse and worse. Young ladies like Miss Dunstable—for she was still to be numbered in the category of young ladies—do not usually tell young gentlemen that they are very fond of them. To boys and girls they may make such a declaration. Now Frank Gresham regarded himself as one who had already fought his battles, and fought them not without glory; he could not therefore endure to be thus openly told by Miss Dunstable that she was very fond of him. "Fond of me, Miss Dunstable! I wish you were." "So I am—very." "You little know how fond I am of you, Miss Dunstable," and he put out his hand to take hold of hers. She then lifted up her own, and slapped him lightly on the knuckles. "And what can you have to say to Miss Dunstable that can make it necessary that you should pinch her hand? I tell you fairly, Mr Gresham, if you make a fool of yourself, I shall come to a conclusion that you are all fools, and that it is hopeless to look out for any one worth caring for." Such advice as this, so kindly given, so wisely meant, so clearly intelligible, he should have taken and understood, young as he was. But even yet he did not do so. "A fool of myself! Yes; I suppose I must be a fool if I have so much regard for Miss Dunstable as to make it painful for me to know that I am to see her no more: a fool: yes, of course I am a fool—a man is always a fool when he loves." Miss Dunstable could not pretend to doubt his meaning any longer; and was determined to stop him, let it cost what it would. She now put out her hand, not over white, and, as Frank soon perceived, gifted with a very fair allowance of strength. "Now, Mr Gresham," said she, "before you go any further you shall listen to me. Will you listen to me for a moment without interrupting me?" Frank was of course obliged to promise that he would do so. "You are going—or rather you were going, for I shall stop you—to make a profession of love." "A profession!" said Frank making a slight unsuccessful effort to get his hand free. "Yes; a profession—a false profession, Mr Gresham,—a false profession—a false profession. Look into your heart—into your heart of hearts. I know you at any rate have a heart; look into it closely. Mr Gresham, you know you do not love me; not as a man should love the woman whom he swears to love." Frank was taken aback. So appealed to he found that he could not any longer say that he did love her. He could only look into her face with all his eyes, and sit there listening to her. "How is it possible that you should love me? I am Heaven knows how many years your senior. I am neither young nor beautiful, nor have I been brought up as she should be whom you in time will really love and make your wife. I have nothing that should make you love me; but—but I am rich." "It is not that," said Frank, stoutly, feeling himself imperatively called upon to utter something in his own defence. "Ah, Mr Gresham, I fear it is that. For what other reason can you have laid your plans to talk in this way to such a woman as I am?" "I have laid no plans," said Frank, now getting his hand to himself. "At any rate, you wrong me there, Miss Dunstable." "I like you so well—nay, love you, if a woman may talk of love in the way of friendship—that if money, money alone would make you happy, you should have it heaped on you. If you want it, Mr Gresham, you shall have it." "I have never thought of your money," said Frank, surlily. "But it grieves me," continued she, "it does grieve me, to think that you, you, you—so young, so gay, so bright—that you should have looked for it in this way. From others I have taken it just as the wind that whistles;" and now two big slow tears escaped from her eyes, and would have rolled down her rosy cheeks were it not that she brushed them off with the back of her hand. "You have utterly mistaken me, Miss Dunstable," said Frank. "If I have, I will humbly beg your pardon," said she. "But—but—but—" "You have; indeed you have." "How can I have mistaken you? Were you not about to say that you loved me; to talk absolute nonsense; to make me an offer? If you were not, if I have mistaken you indeed, I will beg your pardon." Frank had nothing further to say in his own defence. He had not wanted Miss Dunstable's money—that was true; but he could not deny that he had been about to talk that absolute nonsense of which she spoke with so much scorn. "You would almost make me think that there are none honest in this fashionable world of yours. I well know why Lady de Courcy has had me here: how could I help knowing it? She has been so foolish in her plans that ten times a day she has told her own secret. But I have said to myself twenty times, that if she were crafty, you were honest." "And am I dishonest?" "I have laughed in my sleeve to see how she played her game, and to hear others around playing theirs; all of them thinking that they could get the money of the poor fool who had come at their beck and call; but I was able to laugh at them as long as I thought that I had one true friend to laugh with me. But one cannot laugh with all the world against one." "I am not against you, Miss Dunstable." "Sell yourself for money! why, if I were a man I would not sell one jot of liberty for mountains of gold. What! tie myself in the heyday of my youth to a person I could never love, for a price! perjure myself, destroy myself—and not only myself, but her also, in order that I might live idly! Oh, heavens! Mr Gresham! can it be that the words of such a woman as your aunt have sunk so deeply in your heart; have blackened you so foully as to make you think of such vile folly as this? Have you forgotten your soul, your spirit, your man's energy, the treasure of your heart? And you, so young! For shame, Mr Gresham! for shame—for shame." Frank found the task before him by no means an easy one. He had to make Miss Dunstable understand that he had never had the slightest idea of marrying her, and that he had made love to her merely with the object of keeping his hand in for the work as it were; with that object, and the other equally laudable one of interfering with his cousin George. And yet there was nothing for him but to get through this task as best he might. He was goaded to it by the accusations which Miss Dunstable brought against him; and he began to feel, that though her invective against him might be bitter when he had told the truth, they could not be so bitter as those she now kept hinting at under her mistaken impression as to his views. He had never had any strong propensity for money-hunting; but now that offence appeared in his eyes abominable, unmanly, and disgusting. Any imputation would be better than that. "Miss Dunstable, I never for a moment thought of doing what you accuse me of; on my honour, I never did. I have been very foolish—very wrong—idiotic, I believe; but I have never intended that." "Then, Mr Gresham, what did you intend?" This was rather a difficult question to answer; and Frank was not very quick in attempting it. "I know you will not forgive me," he said at last; "and, indeed, I do not see how you can. I don't know how it came about; but this is certain, Miss Dunstable; I have never for a moment thought about your fortune; that is, thought about it in the way of coveting it." "You never thought of making me your wife, then?" "Never," said Frank, looking boldly into her face. "You never intended really to propose to go with me to the altar, and then make yourself rich by one great perjury?" "Never for a moment," said he. "You have never gloated over me as the bird of prey gloats over the poor beast that is soon to become carrion beneath its claws? You have not counted me out as equal to so much land, and calculated on me as a balance at your banker's? Ah, Mr Gresham," she continued, seeing that he stared as though struck almost with awe by her strong language; "you little guess what a woman situated as I am has to suffer." "I have behaved badly to you, Miss Dunstable, and I beg your pardon; but I have never thought of your money." "Then we will be friends again, Mr Gresham, won't we? It is so nice to have a friend like you. There, I think I understand it now; you need not tell me." "It was half by way of making a fool of my aunt," said Frank, in an apologetic tone. "There is merit in that, at any rate," said Miss Dunstable. "I understand it all now; you thought to make a fool of me in real earnest. Well, I can forgive that; at any rate it is not mean." It may be, that Miss Dunstable did not feel much acute anger at finding that this young man had addressed her with words of love in the course of an ordinary flirtation, although that flirtation had been unmeaning and silly. This was not the offence against which her heart and breast had found peculiar cause to arm itself; this was not the injury from which she had hitherto experienced suffering. At any rate, she and Frank again became friends, and, before the evening was over, they perfectly understood each other. Twice during this long Lady de Courcy came into the room to see how things were going on, and twice she went out almost unnoticed. It was quite clear to her that something uncommon had taken place, was taking place, or would take place; and that should this be for weal or for woe, no good could now come from her interference. On each occasion, therefore, she smiled sweetly on the pair of turtle-doves, and glided out of the room as quietly as she had glided into it. tête-à-tête But at last it became necessary to remove them; for the world had gone to bed. Frank, in the meantime, had told to Miss Dunstable all his love for Mary Thorne, and Miss Dunstable had enjoined him to be true to his vows. To her eyes there was something of heavenly beauty in young, true love—of beauty that was heavenly because it had been unknown to her. "Mind you let me hear, Mr Gresham," said she. "Mind you do; and, Mr Gresham, never, never forget her for one moment; not for one moment, Mr Gresham." Frank was about to swear that he never would—again, when the countess, for the third time, sailed into the room. "Young people," said she, "do you know what o'clock it is?" "Dear me, Lady de Courcy, I declare it is past twelve; I really am ashamed of myself. How glad you will be to get rid of me to-morrow!" "No, no, indeed we shan't; shall we, Frank?" and so Miss Dunstable passed out. Then once again the aunt tapped her nephew with her fan. It was the last time in her life that she did so. He looked up in her face, and his look was enough to tell her that the acres of Greshamsbury were not to be reclaimed by the ointment of Lebanon. Nothing further on the subject was said. On the following morning Miss Dunstable took her departure, not much heeding the rather cold words of farewell which her hostess gave her; and on the following day Frank started for Greshamsbury. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Anthony Trollope (2002). Doctor Thorne. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/3166/pg3166-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html.

The Proposal

The HackerNoon Mobile App just . Download it on the Apple App Store and Google store . launched here here Hey Hackers! Your HackerNoon experience matters to us, and we'd love to hear your thoughts! We're on a mission to make our even better, and your review on the app store can make a world of difference. Plus, there's a little something extra in it for you! newly launched app Meet HackerNoon's Review Contest ✨ Our contest aims to show appreciation toward those of you who keep supporting HackerNoon year after year, helping us grow and giving us a reason to keep improving. Now that our mobile app is live, we need your support more than ever, this time in the app store review form! Three good reasons why you should review our app: 🎉 Leave us a review on the app store, and you'll be entered into a draw to win $1000 - HackerNoon's special thank you note. Chance to Win $$$: Share your experiences, what you love about the app, and even your suggestions for improvements. Your feedback guides us in crafting an app that's tailored to you. 🗣️ Your Voice Matters: 💥 Your review helps fellow readers discover the magic of HackerNoon, making it easier for them to embark on their own reading adventures. Spread the Love: How to Enter: on your chosen app store – click to be directed to the Google App Store and for the Apple App Store. ( Find HackerNoon here here REQUIRED) Share your thoughts and experiences – your honest feedback means the world to us. Leave a Review: ( REQUIRED) After leaving your review, screenshot it and send it to monica@hackernoon.com Snap & Send: (REQUIRED) Each of these individual actions will boost your chance by at least 1 more entry! Increase Your Chances: Share your screenshot on your socials with the hashtag #hackernoonmobile, tag HackerNoon ( ) we are everywhere as @hackernoon Tag 3 friends (or more) on these posts. Each friend counts as 1 entry! Comment on this post. Tag your friends too. Each friend count as 1 entry! Comment on . Tag your friends too. Each friend count as 1 entry! our launch post Upvote us on Product Hunt. Here’s launch link Comment on said Product Hunt . It counts as 1 additional entry! launch Following these steps ensures you're in the run for the $1000 prize! The more optional steps you take, the more entries are entered. We need to verify that it’s you so it’s highly important that you email us with your review screenshot, and any other additional steps you take. Thank you for being a part of the HackerNoon community. Here's to a chance to win some amazing coins and shape the future of your reading adventure! Remember: Our contest has been extended and now ends November 11 and winner will be chosen at random. A review on the app store is a must, but any optional step you take will increase your chance of winning. Good luck! Contest ends October 11

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Digital marketing has influenced everyone who uses a computer, laptop, or smartphone on some level. It may be an email, a Google search result, a Facebook ad, a text message, or an Instagram post from a celebrity. The practice of advertising products and services across any and all available digital media is referred to as "digital marketing." The demand for qualified employees in this area is always increasing. Are you interested in a career in digital marketing but don't know where to start? We've laid out a few possible options for you to consider. Either of these paths will provide you with a solid foundation in digital marketing fundamentals, allowing you to specialize in one of four areas: SEO, , social media marketing, or digital marketing. PPC advertising Having expertise in any of these areas will enable you to take advantage of the expanding number of job openings as employers compete to recruit suitable employees. FACT: A Digital Marketer can work in a variety of capacities. You don't need any previous marketing expertise to become a Digital Marketer; You only need a specific set of skills. There are numerous methods to break into the industry, such as a copywriter, website manager, or influencer. 1. Learn About the Principles of Digital Marketing Some major technical competencies required to include SEO and SEM, analytics, social media marketing and advertising, and email marketing. establish a career in digital marketing This is an excellent opportunity for a Digital Marketer to demonstrate soft and transferable skills such as leadership and a thorough understanding of the online ecosystem. If you try to learn email marketing, SEO, analytics, and other relevant areas separately, it could take months or even years to create a comprehensive set of expertise. If you want to learn the most crucial aspects of digital marketing in a short amount of time, programs like Orientation's Digital Marketing Boot camp are ideal. 2. Make the Most of the Digital Marketing Tools Your experience with a variety of digital marketing technologies will help you develop your skills as a Digital Marketer. Digital marketers can use Google Analytics and Google Ads, for example, to analyze and measure the performance of marketing campaigns and initiatives. Marketers can use SEO tools such as , Moz, and SEMrush to study suitable keywords, analyze backlinks to your pages, uncover comparable keywords, and evaluate competitors' SEO. Ahrefs Email marketing platforms such as SendGrid and can also be incredibly beneficial in a digital marketing job. CRM tools, such as Salesforce and HubSpot, can also be beneficial. MailChimp Social networking is a terrific place to start if you're just getting your feet wet. Digital marketers are increasingly using social media to drive visitors to their websites, create leads, and promote their company. When applying for a position in digital marketing, using social media management tools such as Hootsuite, Later, and Buffer can help you stand out from the crowd. In order to develop excellent material for your social media networks, you could also experiment with free stock image sites like Unsplash or Pexels, as well as graphic design services like Canva Pro. 3. Digital Marketing Portfolio It may be challenging to build a portfolio of work as a Digital Marketer. Instead of simply showcasing a finished product, you'll need to demonstrate your teamwork, planning, and strategic thinking by displaying your processes and outcomes just as SEMrush done 2 years ago. is currently doing and other prominent brands are following the suit. What it does is it makes the work more fruitful and there are chances that it hits high in terms of engagement. Dev House In your resume, make it clear that you were involved in the creation of any published material, such as newsletters, social media posts, or content marketing pieces. Do you want to write? Is this something you'd be interested in assisting with? Coordination of ? If you want to advance, you must demonstrate your ability to work as part of or even lead a team. It is critical to share credit. ad-buying campaigns When reporting the results of your work, use as much data as possible. "I added 1,200 quality prospects via a targeted social media campaign in Q2 of 2020," for example, or "I boosted organic web traffic by 18% year over year" are examples of facts that digital marketers use to back up their claims. Although ROI is not usually analyzed across all digital marketing methods, it is typical practice in SEM and SEO to concentrate on indications that are simple to understand. However, before disclosing any confidential information, you should obtain authorization from your clients. If you lack professional experience, you can include the outcomes of your digital marketing coursework in your portfolio. Once you've finished your materials, make a clean, well-organized internet display of them. In this area, you can go into greater detail about the actions you followed and the creative solutions you devised along the route. Your digital presence, in addition to your resume, serves as a showcase for your abilities and personality. Consider creating a social media account for a side activity you're enthusiastic about, such as sharing surfing photographs on Instagram or , to keep your social media accounts private. You can then mention this experience on your CV. writing recipes on a blog 4. Make a Resume Because your CV is frequently the first point of contact you have with a potential employer, it is critical that you nail it. In this instance, it's critical to keep things simple. Because first impressions are so important, keep your resume's appearance clean and well-organized, and reduce the information to a minimum. Use bullet points wherever necessary. Your marketing knowledge and experience, as well as hard facts, should be highlighted (bearing in mind that your portfolio is the place to dive into details). Furthermore, you should tailor your CV to each job application you submit. Before composing your cover letter and CV, consider the tone of the job description and the company's website. Demonstrate your uniqueness and innovation in a way that complements the brand's personality. Using the company's hiring criteria as a guide, tailor your CV to highlight the skills they seek. There are three categories of skills here: marketing, transferable (such as sales, design knowledge, or writing experience), and adaptable (any mix of these) (like ). This initial set of skills should be prominently displayed on your resume so that companies know what to expect from you. The ability to adapt and learn new things can be mentioned near the end of the work or weaved throughout. leadership or problem-solving 5. Networking The first step in becoming a Digital Marketer is to create a large online network. You can also create your own industry-related newsletter to showcase your unique material, promote thought leadership, and share your work while also establishing your personal presence. A strong online presence is advantageous in virtually any industry, but particularly in digital marketing, where the proof of the pudding is in the eating. There are also a variety of networking opportunities for Digital Marketers both online and in person. The Digital Marketing Conference is hosted in Toronto every year, and the website Marketing Terms hosts hundreds of for a wide range of specializations and market segments. virtual networking events 6. Develop Your Knowledge of SMM (Social Media Marketing) In addition to using Facebook's sponsored ads, you should become acquainted with how marketing works on other social media networks. You should be prepared to use additional social media networks, such as Twitter, Pinterest, or LinkedIn, in addition to Facebook, depending on the type of website you're marketing. 7. Content Marketing Campaigns Content that fits the following requirements is critical to your digital marketing efforts: This program satisfies the user's requirements. It will be interesting to read for users. It is optimized for each platform (SEO, FB, etc.) Boosts traffic, leads, and sales. Text, video, and audio content are available in a variety of formats, including blog entries, YouTube videos, landing pages, podcasts, and more. You must have a strategy for developing and assessing various sorts of content as a digital marketing specialist. When it comes to , this is exactly what it all boils down to. content marketing In a well-organized digital marketing team, providing content is not your responsibility; this is the responsibility of the team's writers. Instead, you are in charge of ensuring that appropriate material is provided for each campaign. 8. Email Marketing Email is one of the most popular ways to promote a product or service. Despite the rise of social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter, businesses continue to use email marketing to close sales, generate leads, and build relationships with customers. Email marketing is typically the last stage of a sales funnel. There are several methods for generating leads for email marketing campaigns (SEO and PPC are two of the most prominent), but only email marketing can complete the transaction. Because most teams lack an email marketing specialist, the digital marketing manager is responsible for overseeing all email marketing initiatives.

How to be Profitable as a Digital Marketer: Chase That Paper Like a Boss

Online education has witnessed a major rise during the period of 2019-2020. Especially after Covid 19 imposed lockdown, the online learning market has seen a massive growth rate globally with the increase in emphasis on e-learning. The is expected to reach $336.98 billion globally by 2026 with an anticipated CAGR of 9.1% from 2018 to 2026. industry To start a business in online education in 2020 - 2021, the main task is to choose the direction of an e-learning business of your own skills. One can start by providing educational services online, selling online courses, or by creating an online learning platform. After Analyzing the competition in online learning platforms, providing services is a better way to go. There are various fields to choose from in order to enter the vast market of e-learning. Also, considering the current effects of COVID-19 which has impacted education on a drastic level. Schools, colleges & institutions have been shut and the only mode of learning available now are e-learning methods. Various fields of e-learning like language learning, data & programming, marketing, graphics, design, and personal tutoring are some of the best options to choose from while opting for a suitable field. How to pursue the above-listed options of online education : Learning a new language online is one of the most common trends. Creating a new language learning platform or teaching languages online, either way is a good way to enter the online teaching industry. Language Private tutoring is a great way to earn revenue, manage time, and polish your own skills while teaching. The ability to work with a personal mentor to boost your own skills is popular among young people as it provides flexibility with time. Private Tutoring: Also checkout this report about post COVID19 business opportunities Teaching about new programming languages and data management are some great ways to start online tutoring. Creating an online platform for such purposes and also providing additional services like creating new products, developing mobile applications, administering networks, or automating business can make up for great business revenue. Data & Programming: It is one of the most promising fields of all as it is a challenge to create a quality product and then market it in a competitive economy. Providing marketing advice and services online is in great demand. Marketing: Professional photography, production of video content, directing, and music are some excellent choices for teaching online. Creating quality content along with teaching people the way to do it is a great way to earn multiple revenues. Graphics: Online designing and content creation is a great field to enter for “technology artists”. Creating and providing visually appealing content, teaching content creation, and providing content services are some . Design: great business ideas : Online schooling is one of the greatest options to enter the e-learning business. This process was gaining popularity from the past years and saw an impressive hike due to the effect of covid-19. And now it is one of the best options to establish you in the market of online learning. You can create online courses, lessons, tutorial videos, etc., and start your own business. Online Schooling Benefits for Learners & Students Freedom Convenient Cost-effective Saves time usually commuting Interactive Delivery of Education Freedom E-learning provides freedom of choosing your subjects, time intervals in between classes, and a flexible environment of learning between the teacher and student. Convenient way It is convenient for students as well as teachers as they can schedule as they want to and attend lectures without traveling. Cost-effective E-learning is the cost-effective measure of education as the cost of travel, maintenance of property are excluded. The only expense is of a data connection and a smart device. Time Effective E-learning saves time instead of teaching the same topics to different classes at different times, you can teach the same topic to all the students at the same time. Interactive Delivery of Education Video is the best way to learn things easily. Because videos give more clarity to students that helps them to remember things for a long time. Other tools such as games, online whiteboard, flashcards boost the learning process. Platforms that experienced high growth in recent time Udemy BYJU's Verbling Cambly Preply It is an online learning platform where you can get access to multiple courses. It is the world's most popular & fastest growing platform where you can learn almost everything and the best part of this platform is you get courses in various languages. It offers both paid & free Courses. Udemy: According to Businesswire, Udemy has scaled from $1 million to $100 million annual recurring revenue (ARR) in just five years. : It’s an online language learning platform where you can learn foreign languages. People can connect with speakers via live audio/video chat features to learn new languages. Verbling started in 2011 & raised $3.2 billion. Verbling : BYJU's is an India based online learning platform for students. At BYJU's app students can learn the educational concepts. Students take help ByJu to prepare for multiple competitive exams like CAT, JEE, GRE, etc. This platform offers study material in the form of videos. According to ByJu's, they have made their revenue double in FY 2019-20 (from 1,430 cr to 2800 cr). BYJU's It is another popular language-learning platform that connects language learners with language speaking tutors. Learners learn the language via video chat. This platform helps to increase the confidence of learners. There are thousands of tutors registered on this platform from worldwide, learners can select the tutor by using multiple parameters like country wise, language-wise, etc. Cambly: Preply is an online tutoring platform that provides tutoring services worldwide. Learners can book private tutors for multiple subjects like the English language, foreign languages, physics, and other subjects.  According to Crunchbase data, online language learning startup Preply has raised $10 million. Preply: Conclusion: Starting your own e-learning venture could be a very good decision if you want to grab the business opportunity. Now e-learning is the future of education. In order to launch one can either go for customer development and hire a company to build the application. Alternatively, there are ready-made products such as Yo!Coach which helps to launch E-learning ventures within a short span of time.

Profitable Business Opportunities in Online Education

It's currently 14:30, February 28th, 2023, while I'm writing this update to the challenge. I'm going to make it short. We didn't make it. We actually didn't even get anywhere close to making it. It was a complete failure of a challenge. Okay, okay, that's properly a bit too gloomy. It was kind of expected that we wouldn't make any money after the month was over. But what we didn't receive in terms of monetary gains we got in (quoting the great (scam) entrepreneur Tai Lopez) knowledge. We also decided to make some adjustments to the challenge to keep it going, let's break it down. What Went Wrong First thing first, if you attempt to do this challenge, don't select the shortest month of the year to do a 1 Month 1 Dollar challenge. That's just shooting yourself in the foot. Additionally, don't pick the same month when you've planned holidays with your girlfriend, thinking you can just do a little bit of work. Especially, don't plan two holidays in the shortest month of the year for this challenge. I'm only half joking here, but seriously, we didn't give this challenge the focus and energy it required. We should have picked another month when we both could focus, at least 40 hours a week fully on the project. Next up, and this is the biggest one, we started outreach too late. We did get some early promising results by doing (personalized) outreach on LinkedIn. I think we might have reached out to around 50 people in total which resulted in ~8 getting back to us, and out of those ~8 people, 1 wanted to jump on a call with us, showing some interest in the product. The excitement quickly died down when we discovered that the person didn't really get our value proposition. Both good and bad, we have new information we can react to, and it helps point us in the right direction. However, we didn't get any new calls or follow-ups after this. It could be due to people just being busy but I would guess more that we didn't pursue this aggressively enough. What Did We Learn There is something about learning a new skill where it only really manifests itself in your mind when you try to actually do that skill. Most of this advice is already flooded on the internet, in start-up/bootstrapping forums, etc. But, basically, it can be boiled down to: Get a landing page out there quickly | Forces you to describe your product and makes it more concrete.


Write down your assumptions from the beginning | Continuously test and adjust them to new information.


Reach out to people even when you have a half-baked notion of your product. The first two points are pretty self-explanatory; if you're not sure what is meant by point 2, check out the original post. I do think the third point is the main learning from this challenge. You got to focus on what actually moves the needle and pushes you towards a profitable product, which means getting people to give you money. It's extremely comfortable to just build build build (especially as software engineers) while having wet dreams about all the monthly reoccurring revenue you're going to receive in the end. But that is, on average, not really a productive strategy even though it might feel like it. Sure, all your assumptions could be spot on and your big-bang release is going to be a raving success. Most are just not. So, speak to more people, look up people in relevant positions/groups on LinkedIn, find people following your competitors on Twitter, scour those Facebook groups, and write to people. Also, make sure to read The Mom Test. A Blank Piece of Paper Was it all bad and with no successful experiences? Not at all, one process that really helped us kick this off was the habit of continuously writing down ideas each day. There is something strange about the blank page effect; it can stare about at you for hours on end, almost paralyzing your ability to get started. Should I start with X? Should I include Y? But what about that incredibly important Z? It's seriously frustrating, and it was something that both Rasmus and I were feeling a bit anxious about before starting the project. For the past ~2 months, we have been meeting up once a week to discuss ideas, problems, businesses, and everything under the sun related to bootstrapping companies. I myself had been trying to (and somewhat succeeding) write down 10 ideas a day, and you quickly come to realize: ideas are not that hard to get. It's definitely a muscle that can be trained with consistency just like, well, pretty much anything. Most of that comes out as dog shit, like my brilliant idea of uber but for walking dogs - list where you want to go, and a dog will walk there with you, not exactly a Zero to One idea. It did give us a list of 200+ ideas to start from, which means, 200+ ideas that can be combined, modified, thrown away, or lead you down new paths to even better ideas. The tiniest bit of exploration sparked new ideas which led us to ask new questions that we hadn't considered before. You do see this a lot on forums like indiehackers where people, on a quite consistent basis, will be asking how people generate ideas. And every time, you will see the same (more or less) generic advice: solve your own problems
look for problems at work/with clients or what issues are your friends having These never worked well for me, mainly because I forgot to actually think about these things while doing my work. So, it felt like nothing was actually occurring to me, and I was left with no viable product ideas, and therefore, didn't really build anything. Making a habit out of writing down 10 ideas a day did work, however, so if you're struggling with this give it a try. You'll soon start thinking about potential products consistently. Change of Direction Is it over? No, but we're making some adjustments. It will no longer be a 1 Month 1 Dollar challenge but instead: 1 Year 1 Noodle. This is basically just to say that the challenge will continue in the sense that we will keep trying to get our hands on that sweet magical internet money. And then post an update once in a while. We'll continue working on the product for the foreseeable future until we either get some traction or kill it; it's definitely too early to kill it. If you want to check it out, it can be found here databayz. Outside of the challenge, I have also been working on another project to help do customer discovery on Reddit: This Week On Reddit. The process for this is going to be roughly the same as described above, outreach outreach outreach. But more on that in a later post. It's currently 14:30, February 28th, 2023, while I'm writing this update to the challenge . I'm going to make it short. We didn't make it. We actually didn't even get anywhere close to making it. It was a complete failure of a challenge. challenge Okay, okay, that's properly a bit too gloomy. It was kind of expected that we wouldn't make any money after the month was over. But what we didn't receive in terms of monetary gains we got in (quoting the great (scam) entrepreneur Tai Lopez) knowledge . We also decided to make some adjustments to the challenge to keep it going, let's break it down. knowledge knowledge What Went Wrong First thing first, if you attempt to do this challenge, don't select the shortest month of the year to do a 1 Month 1 Dollar challenge. That's just shooting yourself in the foot. Additionally, don't pick the same month when you've planned holidays with your girlfriend, thinking you can just do a little bit of work. Especially, don't plan two holidays in the shortest month of the year for this challenge. two I'm only half joking here, but seriously, we didn't give this challenge the focus and energy it required. We should have picked another month when we both could focus, at least 40 hours a week fully on the project. Next up, and this is the biggest one, we started outreach too late. We did get some early promising results by doing (personalized) outreach on LinkedIn. I think we might have reached out to around 50 people in total which resulted in ~8 getting back to us, and out of those ~8 people, 1 wanted to jump on a call with us, showing some interest in the product. The excitement quickly died down when we discovered that the person didn't really get our value proposition. Both good and bad, we have new information we can react to, and it helps point us in the right direction. However, we didn't get any new calls or follow-ups after this. It could be due to people just being busy but I would guess more that we didn't pursue this aggressively enough. What Did We Learn There is something about learning a new skill where it only really manifests itself in your mind when you try to actually do that skill. Most of this advice is already flooded on the internet, in start-up/bootstrapping forums, etc. But, basically, it can be boiled down to: Get a landing page out there quickly | Forces you to describe your product and makes it more concrete. Write down your assumptions from the beginning | Continuously test and adjust them to new information. Reach out to people even when you have a half-baked notion of your product. Get a landing page out there quickly | Forces you to describe your product and makes it more concrete. Get a landing page out there quickly | Forces you to describe your product and makes it more concrete. Write down your assumptions from the beginning | Continuously test and adjust them to new information. Write down your assumptions from the beginning | Continuously test and adjust them to new information. Reach out to people even when you have a half-baked notion of your product. Reach out to people even when you have a half-baked notion of your product. The first two points are pretty self-explanatory; if you're not sure what is meant by point 2, check out the original post . I do think the third point is the main learning from this challenge. You got to focus on what actually moves the needle and pushes you towards a profitable product, which means getting people to give you money. original post It's extremely comfortable to just build build build (especially as software engineers) while having wet dreams about all the monthly reoccurring revenue you're going to receive in the end. But that is, on average, not really a productive strategy even though it might feel like it. Sure, all your assumptions could be spot on and your big-bang release is going to be a raving success. Most are just not. So, speak to more people, look up people in relevant positions/groups on LinkedIn, find people following your competitors on Twitter, scour those Facebook groups, and write to people. Also, make sure to read The Mom Test . The Mom Test A Blank Piece of Paper Was it all bad and with no successful experiences? Not at all, one process that really helped us kick this off was the habit of continuously writing down ideas each day. There is something strange about the blank page effect; it can stare about at you for hours on end, almost paralyzing your ability to get started. Should I start with X? Should I include Y? But what about that incredibly important Z? It's seriously frustrating, and it was something that both Rasmus and I were feeling a bit anxious about before starting the project. For the past ~2 months, we have been meeting up once a week to discuss ideas, problems, businesses, and everything under the sun related to bootstrapping companies. I myself had been trying to (and somewhat succeeding) write down 10 ideas a day, and you quickly come to realize: ideas are not that hard to get. It's definitely a muscle that can be trained with consistency just like, well, pretty much anything. Most of that comes out as dog shit, like my brilliant idea of uber but for walking dogs - list where you want to go, and a dog will walk there with you , not exactly a Zero to One idea. uber but for walking dogs - list where you want to go, and a dog will walk there with you It did give us a list of 200+ ideas to start from, which means, 200+ ideas that can be combined, modified, thrown away, or lead you down new paths to even better ideas. The tiniest bit of exploration sparked new ideas which led us to ask new questions that we hadn't considered before. You do see this a lot on forums like indiehackers where people, on a quite consistent basis, will be asking how people generate ideas. And every time, you will see the same (more or less) generic advice: indiehackers solve your own problems look for problems at work/with clients or what issues are your friends having solve your own problems look for problems at work/with clients or what issues are your friends having These never worked well for me, mainly because I forgot to actually think about these things while doing my work. So, it felt like nothing was actually occurring to me, and I was left with no viable product ideas, and therefore, didn't really build anything. Making a habit out of writing down 10 ideas a day did work, however, so if you're struggling with this give it a try. You'll soon start thinking about potential products consistently. Change of Direction Is it over? No, but we're making some adjustments. It will no longer be a 1 Month 1 Dollar challenge but instead: 1 Year 1 Noodle . Year 1 Noodle This is basically just to say that the challenge will continue in the sense that we will keep trying to get our hands on that sweet magical internet money. And then post an update once in a while. We'll continue working on the product for the foreseeable future until we either get some traction or kill it; it's definitely too early to kill it. If you want to check it out, it can be found here databayz . databayz Outside of the challenge, I have also been working on another project to help do customer discovery on Reddit: This Week On Reddit . The process for this is going to be roughly the same as described above, outreach outreach outreach. But more on that in a later post. This Week On Reddit

One Month One Dollar - Part 2: What Went Wrong

Table of Links Abstract and I. Introduction II. Expectations of Blockchain Accessibility III. Approach I: Maintain a Ledger Locally - Run a Full Node IV. Approach II: Query a Third-Party Ledger-Node-As-A-Service (NAAS) V. Approach III: Light Node - External Query & Local Verification VI. Concluding Remark and References IV. APPROACH II: QUERY A THIRD-PARTY LEDGER - NODE-AS-A-SERVICE (NAAS) If a user cannot afford to run a full node themselves, they must outsource the synchronization of blockchains to some third party. While typical users may be tempted to entrust their crypto coins and assets to an all-in-one cryptocurrency exchange, such as Crypto.com [16] and Binance [6], for exchange of easy accessibility, we consider the approach fundamentally flawed. Because the user has no access to the asset without the consent of the exchange, they cannot claim that they effectively own the asset: the recent collapse of FTX [31] reveals the risk of the exchange being insolvent and the user’s asset being lost. Therefore, if the user wants to keep his private key and still maintain reasonable access to the blockchain, one approach is to purchase a third-party service that answers RPC queries, colloquially known as Node-as-a-service (NAAS) or an RPC node. The clients can interact with the third-party service just as they would with a full node (see Fig. 3). Many active NAAS providers exist in the field, including Alchemy, Ankr, BlockDaemon, etc. Table II provides a list of providers, as advertised by the Ethereum Foundation [25]. While we recognize that different providers offer services with different features and have different pricing plans, which makes an accurate comparison challenging, we pick four uniform measurements to understand the provider: the number of protocols supported, whether there is a free tier, the minimum amount the user needs to pay for a paid tier (per month), and whether or not the provider developed an exclusive API (such as one that handles the NFT) for the service in addition to traditional RPC calls. A. Pros and Cons The main benefit of using a NAAS service is that it is more affordable than running one’s own full node because the service provider can build an infrastructure that handles a high workload efficiently. Many providers also have a free tier that allows a limited number of queries. It is also noteworthy that most providers allow users to access more than one blockchain, which would traditionally require running one full node for each blockchain. Some providers offer exclusive pre-made APIs to handle common use cases, such as NFT. While using such API may reduce the program’s portability, it increases the development efficiency. The drawback of the approach is also significant: the security assumption of the model now depends on the service provider as a trusted party. Consider the case of Bitcoin’s RPC call getbalance. The client has no way to verify the numerical result because RPC is not designed to ensure data integrity: every user is expected to run a node themselves. There is also no privacy guarantee when the service provider is untrusted: the service provider can see all parameters of an RPC call, thus increasing the risk associated, such as frontrunning [17]. Besides, any attack and incident of the service provider can impact users’ access to blockchain information, thus affecting availability. Ankr was hit by a DNS attack in July 2022, which disrupted its users’ access to two blockchains and placed their funds at risk [36]. Similarly, Infura was forced to censor Venezuelan users due to a US sanction in March 2022 [39]. These cases illustrate that a centralized service provider can become a single point of failure, and additional considerations are needed to ensure the accessibility of blockchains. B. Open Questions Node-as-a-service providers form a competitive market: there are 19 providers advertised on the Ethereum Foundation website. However, there is little study on the market: who are the main users? Which service has a better cost-performance ratio for a specific type of user? How profitable can the providers be? An empirical study on this growing market is a challenging topic. The design of the RPC protocol in this scenario can be particularly challenging since the current RPC protocol assumes the complete trust of the server. However, with the recent advancement of verification methods, such as Flyclient [10], a verifiable RPC protocol may be possible from a minimal-sized root of trust, solving the issue of integrity in the face of an untrusted service provider. We also observe that it is standard industry practice to employ several services so that at least one is available at any time. Since many providers exist in the field, a unified structure that features a collaboration between providers may provide an improved availability guarantee and some degree of privacy and anonymity to users. For instance, Lava [13] is an ongoing proposal to design a decentralized RPC network blockchain that allows a group of NAAS providers to join together to provide services to users. The users will be charged in LAVA, a new type of coin specific to the network. Both NAAS providers and blockchain validators will stake LAVA to use the system. Unfortunately, Lava’s whitepaper lacks a formal description of security, instead claiming that slashing the funds from bad actors can stop them from providing compromised information. Authors:
(1) Zhongtang Luo, Purdue University (luo401@purdue.edu);
(2) Rohan Murukutla, Supra (r.murukutla@supraoracles.com);
(3) Aniket Kate, Purdue University / Supra (aniket@purdue.edu). This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. Table of Links Abstract and I. Introduction Abstract and I. Introduction II. Expectations of Blockchain Accessibility II. Expectations of Blockchain Accessibility III. Approach I: Maintain a Ledger Locally - Run a Full Node III. Approach I: Maintain a Ledger Locally - Run a Full Node IV. Approach II: Query a Third-Party Ledger-Node-As-A-Service (NAAS) IV. Approach II: Query a Third-Party Ledger-Node-As-A-Service (NAAS) V. Approach III: Light Node - External Query & Local Verification V. Approach III: Light Node - External Query & Local Verification VI. Concluding Remark and References VI. Concluding Remark and References IV. APPROACH II: QUERY A THIRD-PARTY LEDGER - NODE-AS-A-SERVICE (NAAS) If a user cannot afford to run a full node themselves, they must outsource the synchronization of blockchains to some third party. While typical users may be tempted to entrust their crypto coins and assets to an all-in-one cryptocurrency exchange, such as Crypto.com [16] and Binance [6], for exchange of easy accessibility, we consider the approach fundamentally flawed. Because the user has no access to the asset without the consent of the exchange, they cannot claim that they effectively own the asset: the recent collapse of FTX [31] reveals the risk of the exchange being insolvent and the user’s asset being lost. Therefore, if the user wants to keep his private key and still maintain reasonable access to the blockchain, one approach is to purchase a third-party service that answers RPC queries, colloquially known as Node-as-a-service (NAAS) or an RPC node. The clients can interact with the third-party service just as they would with a full node (see Fig. 3). Many active NAAS providers exist in the field, including Alchemy, Ankr, BlockDaemon, etc. Table II provides a list of providers, as advertised by the Ethereum Foundation [25]. While we recognize that different providers offer services with different features and have different pricing plans, which makes an accurate comparison challenging, we pick four uniform measurements to understand the provider: the number of protocols supported, whether there is a free tier, the minimum amount the user needs to pay for a paid tier (per month), and whether or not the provider developed an exclusive API (such as one that handles the NFT) for the service in addition to traditional RPC calls. A. Pros and Cons A. Pros and Cons The main benefit of using a NAAS service is that it is more affordable than running one’s own full node because the service provider can build an infrastructure that handles a high workload efficiently. Many providers also have a free tier that allows a limited number of queries. It is also noteworthy that most providers allow users to access more than one blockchain, which would traditionally require running one full node for each blockchain. Some providers offer exclusive pre-made APIs to handle common use cases, such as NFT. While using such API may reduce the program’s portability, it increases the development efficiency. The drawback of the approach is also significant: the security assumption of the model now depends on the service provider as a trusted party. Consider the case of Bitcoin’s RPC call getbalance. The client has no way to verify the numerical result because RPC is not designed to ensure data integrity: every user is expected to run a node themselves. There is also no privacy guarantee when the service provider is untrusted: the service provider can see all parameters of an RPC call, thus increasing the risk associated, such as frontrunning [17]. Besides, any attack and incident of the service provider can impact users’ access to blockchain information, thus affecting availability. Ankr was hit by a DNS attack in July 2022, which disrupted its users’ access to two blockchains and placed their funds at risk [36]. Similarly, Infura was forced to censor Venezuelan users due to a US sanction in March 2022 [39]. These cases illustrate that a centralized service provider can become a single point of failure, and additional considerations are needed to ensure the accessibility of blockchains. B. Open Questions B. Open Questions Node-as-a-service providers form a competitive market: there are 19 providers advertised on the Ethereum Foundation website. However, there is little study on the market: who are the main users? Which service has a better cost-performance ratio for a specific type of user? How profitable can the providers be? An empirical study on this growing market is a challenging topic. The design of the RPC protocol in this scenario can be particularly challenging since the current RPC protocol assumes the complete trust of the server. However, with the recent advancement of verification methods, such as Flyclient [10], a verifiable RPC protocol may be possible from a minimal-sized root of trust, solving the issue of integrity in the face of an untrusted service provider. We also observe that it is standard industry practice to employ several services so that at least one is available at any time. Since many providers exist in the field, a unified structure that features a collaboration between providers may provide an improved availability guarantee and some degree of privacy and anonymity to users. For instance, Lava [13] is an ongoing proposal to design a decentralized RPC network blockchain that allows a group of NAAS providers to join together to provide services to users. The users will be charged in LAVA, a new type of coin specific to the network. Both NAAS providers and blockchain validators will stake LAVA to use the system. Unfortunately, Lava’s whitepaper lacks a formal description of security, instead claiming that slashing the funds from bad actors can stop them from providing compromised information. Authors: (1) Zhongtang Luo, Purdue University (luo401@purdue.edu); (2) Rohan Murukutla, Supra (r.murukutla@supraoracles.com); (3) Aniket Kate, Purdue University / Supra (aniket@purdue.edu). Authors: Authors: (1) Zhongtang Luo, Purdue University (luo401@purdue.edu); (2) Rohan Murukutla, Supra (r.murukutla@supraoracles.com); (3) Aniket Kate, Purdue University / Supra (aniket@purdue.edu). This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

Navigating the Node-as-a-Service Market: Benefits, Risks, and Open Questions

Authors:
(1) Zhongtang Luo, Purdue University (luo401@purdue.edu);
(2) Rohan Murukutla, Supra (r.murukutla@supraoracles.com);
(3) Aniket Kate, Purdue University / Supra (aniket@purdue.edu). Table of Links Abstract and I. Introduction II. Expectations of Blockchain Accessibility III. Approach I: Maintain a Ledger Locally - Run a Full Node IV. Approach II: Query a Third-Party Ledger-Node-As-A-Service (NAAS) V. Approach III: Light Node - External Query & Local Verification VI. Concluding Remark and References Abstract—While much research focuses on different methods to secure blockchain, information on the chain needs to be accessed by end-users to be useful. This position paper surveys different ways that end-users may access blockchains. We observe that between the two extremes of running a full node and fully utilizing a trusted third-party service, many solutions regarding light nodes are emerging. We analyze these solutions based on three basic properties of web communication: integrity, availability and privacy. We conclude that currently, the best way to access a blockchain while maintaining these three properties is still to run a full node. We consider it essential that future blockchain accessibility services should be built while considering these three expectations. I. INTRODUCTION A blockchain is a group of nodes trying to maintain a publicly verifiable ledger of transactions protected from tampering. After its first proposal as Bitcoin [41] in 2009, blockchains have gained much popularity as financial instruments. The success of most well-known blockchains, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum [20] can largely be attributed to their decentralized nature and their capabilities to handle complex transactions with advanced cryptographic primitives. With currently a large market, blockchains have the potential to become a leading innovation in the finance and e-commerce sectors in the 21st century. Much existing blockchain infrastructure research and innovation focus on secure and efficient ways for participating nodes to maintain the public ledger (known as a layer-1 protocol). However, we note that fetching information from a well-maintained ledger is also a non-trivial issue. Ensuring that blockchains stay accessible to every user is essential if blockchains are to play a bigger role in everyday life—a public ledger is, by definition, only useful as long as people can interact with it. Given the recent growing public interest in blockchains, more users are interacting with blockchains every month, with as many as 875,000 transactions a day for popular blockchains such as Ethereum [20]. Trying to extract useful information from a flood of transactions requires powerful hardware for even a standard blockchain user who does not engage in profit-generating behavior (like mining), and it appears that the incentive mechanism in most blockchains is not equipped to deal with the issue. In most blockchain protocols, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, participating nodes (miners in proof-of-work systems and validators in proof-of-stake systems) are incentivized to maintain the ledger by earning a small fee when proposing a new block to the ledger. While participating nodes in these blockchain protocols are incentivized to collect transactions and broadcast raw blocks to ensure their profit, they are not incentivized to publish refined information about the ledger they maintain. Consider these two examples: (1) A user wants to know how many coins there are in their Bitcoin wallet. (2) A user wants to know the current status of a smart contract they want to execute. Similar to these examples, most information users want to know is not directly related to the raw blocks that miners and validators publish. The users may entrust their assets fully to a third-party exchange and obtain information from the exchange, but the approach is significantly risky as evidenced by the recent FTX collpase [31]. Therefore, blockchain users need to devise a method to extract such information from blocks, either through some computation power that they own or by relying on a third-party service provider. In this paper, we compare the two current methods in practice that users adopt to obtain refined information from blockchains. One method involves running a full node locally. This method is usually capable of extracting much information from the blockchain without external reliance. In some cases though, additional indices are kept to ensure a faster query, such as Ethereum archive nodes and Solana RPC nodes. The other method is to rely on a third-service provider. We notice the trend that as the cost of running a full node grows, especially in Ethereum, many users are turning to third-party services, which carry their own security risks. We observe that running a full node and fully utilizing a trusted third-party service represent two extremes regarding blockchain accessibility: one with minimal reliance and maximal hardware requirement and one with maximal reliance and minimal hardware requirement. We also notice that when the required data on the blockchain is specific and limited, like when the users only care about one address that they own, specific wallet software is available to the users. While some of the wallet software queries an external node directly for data, others may download a portion of the blockchains and directly analyze it for the information the users care about. We categorize the software as specific light nodes. Meanwhile, we outline a recent trend in realizing a universal light node that can provide any information to users, not just one address [12], such as the one proposed by Ethereum [24]. Current research also includes so-called ultralight nodes, such as Flyclient [10], that step closer to relying on a third-party service that provides additional context for verification (also known as a prover in this context) than traditional light nodes that rely only on full nodes. Figure 1 shows a list of different methods to access blockchains. We think that amid many ways to access blockchains, it is still important to examine the basics of any web service: integrity, availability, and privacy. The blockchain itself is a technology of decentralization, yet too much reliance on a small number of third parties goes against this premise. Without a method to verify the correctness of data, integrity may be compromised if the said third parties provide incorrect data. With too much dependence on selected third parties to provide accessibility, availability may be impacted if they are unable or unwilling to provide service. Privacy is also a concern that needs addressing when querying any third party. We examine existing protocols in the market and find that many of them may be flawed in at least one of these aspects. Currently, the best way to access a blockchain while maintaining integrity, availability and privacy is still to run a full node locally. We consider it important to pay attention to these three aspects when designing any protocol to interact with blockchains to ensure functionality. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Zhongtang Luo, Purdue University (luo401@purdue.edu); (2) Rohan Murukutla, Supra (r.murukutla@supraoracles.com); (3) Aniket Kate, Purdue University / Supra (aniket@purdue.edu). Authors: Authors: (1) Zhongtang Luo, Purdue University (luo401@purdue.edu); (2) Rohan Murukutla, Supra (r.murukutla@supraoracles.com); (3) Aniket Kate, Purdue University / Supra (aniket@purdue.edu). Table of Links Abstract and I. Introduction Abstract and I. Introduction II. Expectations of Blockchain Accessibility II. Expectations of Blockchain Accessibility III. Approach I: Maintain a Ledger Locally - Run a Full Node III. Approach I: Maintain a Ledger Locally - Run a Full Node IV. Approach II: Query a Third-Party Ledger-Node-As-A-Service (NAAS) IV. Approach II: Query a Third-Party Ledger-Node-As-A-Service (NAAS) V. Approach III: Light Node - External Query & Local Verification V. Approach III: Light Node - External Query & Local Verification VI. Concluding Remark and References VI. Concluding Remark and References Abstract—While much research focuses on different methods to secure blockchain, information on the chain needs to be accessed by end-users to be useful. This position paper surveys different ways that end-users may access blockchains. We observe that between the two extremes of running a full node and fully utilizing a trusted third-party service, many solutions regarding light nodes are emerging. We analyze these solutions based on three basic properties of web communication: integrity, availability and privacy. We conclude that currently, the best way to access a blockchain while maintaining these three properties is still to run a full node. We consider it essential that future blockchain accessibility services should be built while considering these three expectations. Abstract —While much research focuses on different methods to secure blockchain, information on the chain needs to be accessed by end-users to be useful. This position paper surveys different ways that end-users may access blockchains. We observe that between the two extremes of running a full node and fully utilizing a trusted third-party service, many solutions regarding light nodes are emerging. We analyze these solutions based on three basic properties of web communication: integrity, availability and privacy. We conclude that currently, the best way to access a blockchain while maintaining these three properties is still to run a full node. We consider it essential that future blockchain accessibility services should be built while considering these three expectations. Abstract I. INTRODUCTION A blockchain is a group of nodes trying to maintain a publicly verifiable ledger of transactions protected from tampering. After its first proposal as Bitcoin [41] in 2009, blockchains have gained much popularity as financial instruments. The success of most well-known blockchains, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum [20] can largely be attributed to their decentralized nature and their capabilities to handle complex transactions with advanced cryptographic primitives. With currently a large market, blockchains have the potential to become a leading innovation in the finance and e-commerce sectors in the 21st century. Much existing blockchain infrastructure research and innovation focus on secure and efficient ways for participating nodes to maintain the public ledger (known as a layer-1 protocol). However, we note that fetching information from a well-maintained ledger is also a non-trivial issue. Ensuring that blockchains stay accessible to every user is essential if blockchains are to play a bigger role in everyday life—a public ledger is, by definition, only useful as long as people can interact with it. Given the recent growing public interest in blockchains, more users are interacting with blockchains every month, with as many as 875,000 transactions a day for popular blockchains such as Ethereum [20]. Trying to extract useful information from a flood of transactions requires powerful hardware for even a standard blockchain user who does not engage in profit-generating behavior (like mining), and it appears that the incentive mechanism in most blockchains is not equipped to deal with the issue. In most blockchain protocols, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, participating nodes (miners in proof-of-work systems and validators in proof-of-stake systems) are incentivized to maintain the ledger by earning a small fee when proposing a new block to the ledger. While participating nodes in these blockchain protocols are incentivized to collect transactions and broadcast raw blocks to ensure their profit, they are not incentivized to publish refined information about the ledger they maintain. Consider these two examples: (1) A user wants to know how many coins there are in their Bitcoin wallet. (2) A user wants to know the current status of a smart contract they want to execute. Similar to these examples, most information users want to know is not directly related to the raw blocks that miners and validators publish. The users may entrust their assets fully to a third-party exchange and obtain information from the exchange, but the approach is significantly risky as evidenced by the recent FTX collpase [31]. Therefore, blockchain users need to devise a method to extract such information from blocks, either through some computation power that they own or by relying on a third-party service provider. In this paper, we compare the two current methods in practice that users adopt to obtain refined information from blockchains. One method involves running a full node locally. This method is usually capable of extracting much information from the blockchain without external reliance. In some cases though, additional indices are kept to ensure a faster query, such as Ethereum archive nodes and Solana RPC nodes. The other method is to rely on a third-service provider. We notice the trend that as the cost of running a full node grows, especially in Ethereum, many users are turning to third-party services, which carry their own security risks. We observe that running a full node and fully utilizing a trusted third-party service represent two extremes regarding blockchain accessibility: one with minimal reliance and maximal hardware requirement and one with maximal reliance and minimal hardware requirement. We also notice that when the required data on the blockchain is specific and limited, like when the users only care about one address that they own, specific wallet software is available to the users. While some of the wallet software queries an external node directly for data, others may download a portion of the blockchains and directly analyze it for the information the users care about. We categorize the software as specific light nodes. Meanwhile, we outline a recent trend in realizing a universal light node that can provide any information to users, not just one address [12], such as the one proposed by Ethereum [24]. Current research also includes so-called ultralight nodes, such as Flyclient [10], that step closer to relying on a third-party service that provides additional context for verification (also known as a prover in this context) than traditional light nodes that rely only on full nodes. Figure 1 shows a list of different methods to access blockchains. We think that amid many ways to access blockchains, it is still important to examine the basics of any web service: integrity, availability, and privacy. The blockchain itself is a technology of decentralization, yet too much reliance on a small number of third parties goes against this premise. Without a method to verify the correctness of data, integrity may be compromised if the said third parties provide incorrect data. With too much dependence on selected third parties to provide accessibility, availability may be impacted if they are unable or unwilling to provide service. Privacy is also a concern that needs addressing when querying any third party. We examine existing protocols in the market and find that many of them may be flawed in at least one of these aspects. Currently, the best way to access a blockchain while maintaining integrity, availability and privacy is still to run a full node locally. We consider it important to pay attention to these three aspects when designing any protocol to interact with blockchains to ensure functionality. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

Last Mile of Blockchains: RPC and Node-as-a-Service

ব্লকচেইনের শেষ মাইল: আরপিসি এবং নোড-এ-সার্ভিস

Letzte Meile der Blockchains: RPC und Node-as-a-Service

Última Milla de Blockchains: RPC y Nodo como Servicio

Dernier kilomètre des blockchains : RPC et Node-as-a-Service

ब्लॉकचेन का अंतिम मील: RPC और नोड-एज़-ए-सर्विस

ブロックチェーンのラストマイル: RPC と Node-as-a-Service

블록체인의 마지막 마일: RPC 및 서비스로서의 노드

Última milha de blockchains: RPC e nó como serviço

Последняя миля блокчейнов: RPC и узел как услуга

Blockchain'in Son Mili: RPC ve Hizmet Olarak Düğüm

Dặm cuối cùng của Blockchain: RPC và Node-as-a-Service

区块链的最后一英里：RPC 和节点即服务

More than 300 exabytes of data are created every day. To put that number into perspective, one exabyte equals one billion gigabytes. Considering the amount of data being created, there is a need for more efficient and easier data management and analytics. The recent proliferation of AI in people's personal and professional lives explains why they would look at AI to address their data management challenges. In fact, 64% of business owners believe AI will help them increase productivity. Data mapping, a crucial step in data management, is ideal for automation. It's a repetitive and time-consuming process, making it well-suited for AI. Automating data mapping can free up time for higher-priority tasks. This post looks at data mapping and its different types, and the role of data mapping in data management. It will also discuss how the combination of AI and data mapping makes data management easy and accessible and presents opportunities for organizations and software vendors alike. What is Data Mapping? Data mapping connects and transforms data to be shared from one system or database to another. Consider this: A business wants to launch a referral reward program. It has a database holding all its customer data and wants to connect it to a database holding purchase records. Mapping the relevant data from the source to the newly merged database lets it do just that. With the databases properly mapped, the business will now have access to actionable information in real time, letting them know which customers to contact for the program. In other words, data mapping helps different databases connect and communicate. This can improve business intelligence capabilities throughout the organization. It also allows core functions like Marketing, Product Development, and Finance to operate synergistically, using real-time data to drive their decision-making. Types of Data Mapping Data mapping has three main types: manual, semi-automated, and automated. The manual approach to data mapping has been the norm for decades. However, semi-automated and automated data mapping approaches are quickly gaining ground due to their benefits. Let’s look at some of these benefits: Manual Data Mapping
Manual mapping offers users greater flexibility and control over their data flow. However, it can be a long and repetitive process. If done using coding languages like SQL or C++, it requires a lot of working hours and technical expertise. Manual data mapping is no longer a practical option, considering the amount of data that organizations create every minute. Semi-Automated Data Mapping
The semi-automated approach offers a good balance between flexibility and efficiency. A good example of semi-automated data mapping is schema maps. Semi-automated data mappers use visual representations of the data maps, allowing users with limited technical knowledge to construct dataflows. This approach is less time-intensive and doesn’t require much coding expertise. However, it still needs some technical knowledge, regardless of whether an organization relies on coding or drag-and-drop solutions. Automated Data Mapping Automated data mapping offers many benefits compared to manual and semi-automated data mapping. For instance, it offers flexibility and speed and doesn’t require technical knowledge. The automated approach makes scheduling, scaling, and deploying your dataflows easy. However, the necessary technical training will be platform-specific and not necessarily transferable. The Importance of Data Mapping As businesses collect more data, data mapping becomes increasingly essential. This scenario is even more challenging because businesses gather data from multiple sources. That data becomes unusable if they fail to collect, organize, clean, and transform it into actionable insights properly and on time. In other words, proper data mapping is like implementing a filing system to ensure that all your data ends up in the right place, in the suitable format, at the right time. With this filing system, your organization will catch up in data management, analytics, and business intelligence functions. AI and Data Mapping The trend of AI adoption in data management relates to the evolving data needs of organizations. With efficiency and ease of use as priorities, AI’s role becomes even more important in data management, specifically data mapping. For instance, semi-automated data mapping solutions were present well before the AI boom. So, the need to automate the data mapping process is not new. Even so, the AI wave has the potential to make fully automated data mapping the standard practice in data management. With AI getting tons of attention and resources, the time is right for organizations and software vendors to solve data management challenges using AI. While AI is already being implemented across data management tools, full data mapping automation is still a work in progress. Nevertheless, the following are some ways AI is democratizing data management by transforming the data mapping process: Automated Discovery of Data Sources and Attributes: AI-powered data mappers automate the discovery of relevant data sources, attributes, and possible connections. This allows users to eliminate the lengthy steps of manual data mapping. Users can fine-tweak the AI-generated maps to their specific needs and accept or reject AI suggestions as they see fit. This significantly simplifies data mapping, letting users handle complex dataflows in relatively shorter times.


Contextual Analysis to Identify Patterns and Connections: What sets AI apart from generic automation tools is its ability to think and analyze. An example is interaction with large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT or Gemini. These LLMs can understand the context and tailor their responses accordingly. Similarly, AI-powered data mapping solutions can analyze and interpret the data fields to intelligently identify and establish patterns and relationships. This significantly reduces the technical knowledge requirement, allowing even beginners to use data management solutions with little expertise.


Simplified Schema Mapping: Data mapping algorithms also use pattern recognition to identify semantic relationships. This simplifies schema mapping as AI can find similarities between seemingly unrelated schemas. In short, AI-assisted field and schema mapping ensure smooth data integration, reducing complexity for end-users. AI and Data Mapping: Why It’s a Good Combination Data mapping is a crucial step, but it can get repetitive and taxing quickly. By incorporating AI, data management platforms can streamline, speed up, and simplify the entire process for their end-users. Moreover, by cutting the requirement for technical knowledge, software vendors and organizations alike can promote data literacy among their internal and external stakeholders. As a result, organizations can promote a more efficient and effective use of data across their functions. For instance, marketers without coding experience can gather actionable campaign insights. Similarly, the Research and Development team can leverage data from Customer Support to improve their offerings. Similarly, software vendors can cater to a larger customer base by customizing their offerings for non-technical users. They can empower their customers to move beyond the traditional approach, democratizing data management across all relevant functions. This win-win proposition should encourage AI adoption for data mapping among all stakeholders. Conclusion Combining data mapping and AI is a logical step to meet the evolving needs of data management for all stakeholders. For businesses, it democratizes data management, simplifies the data mapping process, and saves time and costs. For software vendors, this integration provides access to a larger audience, increasing profitability and reach. For end users, the AI and data mapping combination makes their day-to-day work easier, faster, and more effective. More than 300 exabytes of data are created every day. To put that number into perspective, one exabyte equals one billion gigabytes. 300 exabytes of data Considering the amount of data being created, there is a need for more efficient and easier data management and analytics. The recent proliferation of AI in people's personal and professional lives explains why they would look at AI to address their data management challenges. In fact, 64% of business owners believe AI will help them increase productivity. 64% of business owners Data mapping , a crucial step in data management, is ideal for automation. It's a repetitive and time-consuming process, making it well-suited for AI. Automating data mapping can free up time for higher-priority tasks. Data mapping This post looks at data mapping and its different types, and the role of data mapping in data management. It will also discuss how the combination of AI and data mapping makes data management easy and accessible and presents opportunities for organizations and software vendors alike. What is Data Mapping? Data mapping connects and transforms data to be shared from one system or database to another. Consider this: A business wants to launch a referral reward program. It has a database holding all its customer data and wants to connect it to a database holding purchase records. Mapping the relevant data from the source to the newly merged database lets it do just that. With the databases properly mapped, the business will now have access to actionable information in real time, letting them know which customers to contact for the program. In other words, data mapping helps different databases connect and communicate. This can improve business intelligence capabilities throughout the organization. It also allows core functions like Marketing, Product Development, and Finance to operate synergistically, using real-time data to drive their decision-making. Types of Data Mapping Data mapping has three main types: manual, semi-automated, and automated. The manual approach to data mapping has been the norm for decades. However, semi-automated and automated data mapping approaches are quickly gaining ground due to their benefits. Let’s look at some of these benefits: Manual Data Mapping Manual mapping offers users greater flexibility and control over their data flow. However, it can be a long and repetitive process. If done using coding languages like SQL or C++, it requires a lot of working hours and technical expertise. Manual data mapping is no longer a practical option, considering the amount of data that organizations create every minute. Manual Data Mapping Semi-Automated Data Mapping The semi-automated approach offers a good balance between flexibility and efficiency. A good example of semi-automated data mapping is schema maps. Semi-automated data mappers use visual representations of the data maps, allowing users with limited technical knowledge to construct dataflows. This approach is less time-intensive and doesn’t require much coding expertise. However, it still needs some technical knowledge, regardless of whether an organization relies on coding or drag-and-drop solutions. Semi-Automated Data Mapping Automated Data Mapping Automated Data Mapping Automated data mapping offers many benefits compared to manual and semi-automated data mapping. For instance, it offers flexibility and speed and doesn’t require technical knowledge. The automated approach makes scheduling, scaling, and deploying your dataflows easy. However, the necessary technical training will be platform-specific and not necessarily transferable. The Importance of Data Mapping As businesses collect more data, data mapping becomes increasingly essential. This scenario is even more challenging because businesses gather data from multiple sources. That data becomes unusable if they fail to collect, organize, clean, and transform it into actionable insights properly and on time. In other words, proper data mapping is like implementing a filing system to ensure that all your data ends up in the right place, in the suitable format, at the right time. With this filing system, your organization will catch up in data management, analytics, and business intelligence functions. AI and Data Mapping The trend of AI adoption in data management relates to the evolving data needs of organizations. With efficiency and ease of use as priorities, AI’s role becomes even more important in data management, specifically data mapping. For instance, semi-automated data mapping solutions were present well before the AI boom. So, the need to automate the data mapping process is not new. Even so, the AI wave has the potential to make fully automated data mapping the standard practice in data management. With AI getting tons of attention and resources, the time is right for organizations and software vendors to solve data management challenges using AI. While AI is already being implemented across data management tools, full data mapping automation is still a work in progress. Nevertheless, the following are some ways AI is democratizing data management by transforming the data mapping process: Automated Discovery of Data Sources and Attributes: AI-powered data mappers automate the discovery of relevant data sources, attributes, and possible connections. This allows users to eliminate the lengthy steps of manual data mapping. Users can fine-tweak the AI-generated maps to their specific needs and accept or reject AI suggestions as they see fit. This significantly simplifies data mapping, letting users handle complex dataflows in relatively shorter times. Contextual Analysis to Identify Patterns and Connections: What sets AI apart from generic automation tools is its ability to think and analyze. An example is interaction with large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT or Gemini. These LLMs can understand the context and tailor their responses accordingly. Similarly, AI-powered data mapping solutions can analyze and interpret the data fields to intelligently identify and establish patterns and relationships. This significantly reduces the technical knowledge requirement, allowing even beginners to use data management solutions with little expertise. Simplified Schema Mapping: Data mapping algorithms also use pattern recognition to identify semantic relationships. This simplifies schema mapping as AI can find similarities between seemingly unrelated schemas. In short, AI-assisted field and schema mapping ensure smooth data integration, reducing complexity for end-users. Automated Discovery of Data Sources and Attributes: AI-powered data mappers automate the discovery of relevant data sources, attributes, and possible connections. This allows users to eliminate the lengthy steps of manual data mapping. Users can fine-tweak the AI-generated maps to their specific needs and accept or reject AI suggestions as they see fit. This significantly simplifies data mapping, letting users handle complex dataflows in relatively shorter times. Automated Discovery of Data Sources and Attributes: AI-powered data mappers automate the discovery of relevant data sources, attributes, and possible connections. This allows users to eliminate the lengthy steps of manual data mapping. Users can fine-tweak the AI-generated maps to their specific needs and accept or reject AI suggestions as they see fit. This significantly simplifies data mapping, letting users handle complex dataflows in relatively shorter times. Automated Discovery of Data Sources and Attributes: Contextual Analysis to Identify Patterns and Connections: What sets AI apart from generic automation tools is its ability to think and analyze. An example is interaction with large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT or Gemini. These LLMs can understand the context and tailor their responses accordingly. Similarly, AI-powered data mapping solutions can analyze and interpret the data fields to intelligently identify and establish patterns and relationships. This significantly reduces the technical knowledge requirement, allowing even beginners to use data management solutions with little expertise. Contextual Analysis to Identify Patterns and Connections: What sets AI apart from generic automation tools is its ability to think and analyze. An example is interaction with large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT or Gemini. These LLMs can understand the context and tailor their responses accordingly. Similarly, AI-powered data mapping solutions can analyze and interpret the data fields to intelligently identify and establish patterns and relationships. This significantly reduces the technical knowledge requirement, allowing even beginners to use data management solutions with little expertise. Contextual Analysis to Identify Patterns and Connections: think analyze. Simplified Schema Mapping: Data mapping algorithms also use pattern recognition to identify semantic relationships. This simplifies schema mapping as AI can find similarities between seemingly unrelated schemas. In short, AI-assisted field and schema mapping ensure smooth data integration, reducing complexity for end-users. Simplified Schema Mapping: Data mapping algorithms also use pattern recognition to identify semantic relationships. This simplifies schema mapping as AI can find similarities between seemingly unrelated schemas. In short, AI-assisted field and schema mapping ensure smooth data integration, reducing complexity for end-users. Simplified Schema Mapping: AI and Data Mapping: Why It’s a Good Combination Data mapping is a crucial step, but it can get repetitive and taxing quickly. By incorporating AI, data management platforms can streamline, speed up, and simplify the entire process for their end-users. Moreover, by cutting the requirement for technical knowledge, software vendors and organizations alike can promote data literacy among their internal and external stakeholders. As a result, organizations can promote a more efficient and effective use of data across their functions. For instance, marketers without coding experience can gather actionable campaign insights. Similarly, the Research and Development team can leverage data from Customer Support to improve their offerings. Similarly, software vendors can cater to a larger customer base by customizing their offerings for non-technical users. They can empower their customers to move beyond the traditional approach, democratizing data management across all relevant functions. This win-win proposition should encourage AI adoption for data mapping among all stakeholders. Conclusion Combining data mapping and AI is a logical step to meet the evolving needs of data management for all stakeholders. For businesses, it democratizes data management, simplifies the data mapping process, and saves time and costs. For software vendors, this integration provides access to a larger audience, increasing profitability and reach. For end users, the AI and data mapping combination makes their day-to-day work easier, faster, and more effective.

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