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Maybe you don’t know this, but a lot of essential software around is free and open-source. That means the code is available publicly, for anyone to collaborate. It also means that the code is mostly maintained and updated by unpaid volunteers. Most cryptocurrencies (they’re software too) work like this, indeed. To help all those volunteers and their useful work, the Obyte team has created the donation platform Kivach. “Kivach” is originally a cascade waterfall in Karelia, Russia. Now, a “cascade” is a type of waterfall in which the current descends in a series of rock steps or stages. That’s why our donation platform Kivach took the name. By using this tool, the recipients of donations can donate a part or a total of the coins to any other open-source project(s) they want on GitHub. So, the donation can flow as a cascade across multiple repositories and collaborators. So far, Kivach has helped numerous projects, inside and outside the cryptocurrency world. A great advantage is that the recipients don’t even need to have an Obyte wallet or about the donation beforehand to accept it. The donors can input the GitHub repositories on Kivach.org and just donate to any project they want to. Once the recipient(s) learn about this, they can verify their identity on the Obyte Wallet through an easy attestation and receive the funds. know Coming up next, we’ll explore a bit about the most popular benefited projects on Kivach. Zloirock / Core-js Core-js is a modular JavaScript library unknowingly used by at least half of the entire web. Brands like Amazon, Yahoo, Microsoft, Instagram, Reddit, Twitch, Adobe, Pinterest, eBay, Netflix, PayPal, Binance, Spotify, and even Pornhub use this “small” tool on their sites. Denis Pushkarev is its creator and sole maintainer on GitHub. Some time ago he issued an announcement asking for help with this tool, since he wasn’t receiving funding at all. Thanks to Kivach, zloirock now has a donation alternative without limits and fees. So far, this repository around $469 in GBYTEs from several donors. The maintainer can use these funds in the Obyte network, take the Counterstake Bridge to send it to BNB Chain, Polygon, or Ethereum; or exchange them for fiat money in any of the available markets. For now, the repository is keeping 100% of the funds. has received Tiangolo / FastAPI FastAPI is a powerful tool that computer programmers use to create something called APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). APIs are like a bridge that allows different computer programs to communicate with each other and share information. makes it easier and faster for programmers to build these bridges. It also provides helpful features like automatically generating documentation, validating requests, and organizing data. FastAPI FastAPI was created by Sebastian Ramírez (Tiangolo) and is currently used by big brands like Microsoft, Uber, Netflix, and Cisco. However, as an open-source project, FastAPI isn’t directly funded by any specific organization or company. Through Kivach, their developers around $278 in GBYTEs to keep up their good work. have received FreeCodeCamp FreeCodeCamp is an online platform (available on GitHub) that offers free coding courses and resources to help people learn programming. It provides a structured curriculum covering a wide range of topics, including web development, data science, and more. FreeCodeCamp aims to make coding education accessible to everyone, regardless of their background or financial means. It also offers coding challenges and projects to practice coding skills and build real-world experience. It's registered as a donor-supported charity, so any help is welcomed. , “a $5 donation will provide 250 hours of learning to people around the world each month”. They offer several certifications, which take around 300 hours to earn for beginners. , this community has raised over $266 through Kivach. According to them So far Bitcoin Core Bitcoin Core is the most popular implementation (software version) of Bitcoin (BTC). It was first released by the mysterious Satoshi Nakamoto, who did all of this without being paid. The following maintainers and collaborators weren’t paid either for a long time until some crypto companies decided to sponsor some (if not all) of them. There are over 700 collaborators of Bitcoin Core on GitHub, and most of them are volunteers. Bitcoin is the first cryptocurrency in existence and the one that made it possible to create all that came next in crypto —including and Kivach themselves. That’s why, among other repos, 5% of our cascading donations received on Kivach to the Bitcoin Core repository. This way, Bitcoin Core around $60, only in cascades and not direct donations. Obyte we already set has received Dhowe / AdNauseam AdNauseam is a free browser extension designed to block and counteract online advertising. It’s available for Google Chrome, Edge, Opera, and Firefox. It works by automatically clicking on ads in the background, which confuses tracking systems and protects user privacy. It’s also considered a “ ” to protect individual privacy against big corporations. guerrilla tactic AdNauseam was created by a group of developers named Daniel C. Howe (Dhowe), Helen Nissenbaum, and Mushon Zer-Aviv. It was banned by Google Chrome in 2017 for but users can install it anyway through GitHub. This software is currently supported by donations only, and they at least $17 on Kivach. Hopefully, its visibility will improve in the future, as our online privacy is constantly under threat. unclear reasons, have received By providing a seamless way to donate without limits or fees, Kivach has helped these open-source initiatives receive financial support. This enables the developers to maintain and enhance their valuable software, benefitting users worldwide. Kivach empowers the flow of donations, contributing to the growth of these projects and safeguarding online rights for everyone. Featured Vector Image by Freepik

Kivach Donations: 5 GitHub projects it has helped so far

Donaciones de Kivach: 5 proyectos de GitHub que ha ayudado hasta ahora

Dons Kivach : 5 projets GitHub qu'il a aidés jusqu'à présent

किवाच दान: 5 GitHub परियोजनाओं ने अब तक मदद की है

Kivach の寄付: これまでに支援した 5 つの GitHub プロジェクト

Doações da Kivach: 5 projetos do GitHub que ajudou até agora

Đóng góp Kivach: 5 dự án GitHub mà nó đã giúp cho đến nay

Kivach 捐赠：迄今为止已帮助的 5 个 GitHub 项目

we learned some interesting use cases that the Obyte ecosystem offers. Now, it’s time to look into more features. In the first part, Create your own verified ID In the realm of , Obyte provides a platform where individuals can create and manage their own verified IDs. With this model, anyone would be able to have definitive power over their own data across any number of authorities. Your information would be safe under your own control, and only you can decide what to share and what not to share. self-sovereign identity Through the attestation features, You can verify your real name, your email, your GitHub account, your status as an accredited investor, and more. The only thing you’ll need is your personal Obyte wallet and a verified attestor. They’re individuals, businesses, or bots (operated by individuals or businesses) trusted by both the user and whoever needs to verify them. users can validate their identities and establish a trustworthy reputation inside and beyond the Obyte ecosystem. By using the built-in chat in the wallet, you can add your own attestor or an attestation bot to your contacts and just follow their instructions. Afterward, you could share only parts of your personal data with digital apps. For example, if they only need your age, that’s the only thing you’ll share. The rest will stay safely in your wallet. Create your own tokens (without coding!) Obyte offers an , allowing users to create and manage their own digital coins without requiring coding skills. on the DAG. The Obyte Asset Registry opens up new opportunities for businesses and individuals to “tokenize” their assets and facilitate their distribution or exchange. Asset Registry platform These customized tokens can serve various purposes, such as loyalty programs, digital collectibles, or even representing real-world assets We have a great example from the real estate industry. A house, land, or building isn’t something that could be easily divided or transported. However, we could divide its ownership by creating a set of customized tokens with a fixed price. Then, small investors from all over the world would have access to this kind of business in an instant. If they buy a small portion of a tokenized apartment, they’d have the right to receive a proportional percentage if the property is rented or sold out. A smaller example of customized tokens would be family rewards. Parents can create a set of customized tokens for their kids to earn in exchange for good deeds and domestic tasks. Eventually, they could exchange those tokens for physical rewards —like arcade prizes. Now, if you want to create your own and try your luck in the wild crypto market, that’s also possible. memecoin Donate (and help to fight cancer) Obyte also has two ways of donating to great causes, and not only money. In the first place, with 804 permanent users so far. is a charitable digital project that lets anyone, everywhere, donate their spare computing power for scientific research purposes. we joined the World Community Grid (WCG) in 2018, and our team has accumulated over 59.1 billion points The WCG By using all the energy that WCG provides, numerous scientists can quickly analyze large sets of data and make simulations of events and treatments. For example, evaluating a candidate protein that could be an effective treatment for COVID-19. So far, the WCG has helped to find effective treatments for Zika, dengue, malaria, neuroblastoma cancer cells, HIV/AIDS, and other illnesses. Likewise, they’ve found new materials and methods to provide clean energy and water. If you want to join from the Obyte wallet, you’ll receive symbolic WCG tokens in exchange for your idle power. And you’d be helping to improve the world, just by running an app on your device. Cascading donations for developers is also available for cascading donations to GitHub developers. In case you didn’t know, open-source software projects mostly lack proper funding. That’s despite all the efforts of volunteer developers, and all the uses and importance that these projects may have. Kivach.org For example, the library Core-js is a vital part of the infrastructure of at least half of the entire web. However, it’s been maintained by only its creator, Denis Pushkarev (known as zloirock) and it has a serious funding problem. A lot of other projects and developers are constantly using this tool, though. A platform like Kivach could help with that. , Either because they use those tools for their own project (like libraries or frameworks) because they share the same ideals, or just because they like it. So, the donation can flow as a cascade across multiple repositories and collaborators. Here the recipients of external donations can donate a part or a total of the coins to any other project(s) they want. Kivach uses attestations too, which can link any GitHub account to its owner’s Obyte address. The donor can use the native Obyte token (GBYTE) to donate or use the Counterstake Bridge to donate in USDC, ETH, WBTC, and any other supported token on Ethereum, BNB Chain, and Polygon. Bet, invest, and profit Besides spending money, you could also earn some money in the Obyte ecosystem. Prophet is a decentralized prediction market platform developed on Obyte, (like sports or coin prices). In addition, for those who are not into betting, it’s also possible to provide liquidity to every prediction market (bet) to earn the involved fees in the end. where users can make predictions (bets) and earn rewards based on the outcome of various events Obyte's ecosystem also offers through Oswap.io and the OSWAP Token. Liquidity providers can contribute their assets to Oswap's liquidity pools, allowing users to swap between different tokens seamlessly. By providing liquidity to these pools, users earn rewards in the form of transaction fees and Oswap Tokens (OSWAP), which can be staked for governance participation and additional rewards. liquidity mining opportunities By utilizing Prophet, participating in liquidity provision, and engaging in farming and governance activities through Oswap, users can maximize their profits. However, Obyte's ecosystem also offers a vibrant and rewarding landscape for those looking to dive into the crypto world and harness all its advantages. From digital identity and donations to customized tokens and smart contracts, Obyte has it all for everyone. Featured Vector Image by macrovector / Freepik

Exploring Obyte Use Cases (Part 2): Donations, Self-sovereign ID, and Investments

Exploración de casos de uso de Obyte (Parte 2): donaciones, identificación soberana propia e inversiones

Explorer les cas d'utilisation d'Obyte (Partie 2) : Dons, ID auto-souverain et investissements

ओबाइट उपयोग मामलों की खोज (भाग 2): दान, स्व-संप्रभु आईडी और निवेश

Obyte のユースケースの探求 (パート 2): 寄付、セルフソブリン ID、投資

Explorando os casos de uso do Obyte (parte 2): doações, identidade autossoberana e investimentos

Khám phá các trường hợp sử dụng Obyte (Phần 2): Quyên góp, ID tự trị và đầu tư

探索 Obyte 用例（第 2 部分）：捐赠、自主 ID 和投资

Donations aren’t uncommon in crypto. Some altcoins and Dapps were created with that purpose in mind. A lot of NGOs and several good causes have benefited from donations. However, perhaps the ones behind free open-source software are a little bit neglected, to say the least. We’re talking about open-source developers. In case you didn’t know this, most of them don’t receive any payment for their work. “Open-source software” doesn’t necessarily mean it’s a free product. It means that the code of that software is publicly available for review and open to collaboration. But usually, it is free. Quite popular open-source software like LibreOffice, Gimp, VLC Media Player, and Bitcoin itself rely on the goodwill of developers worldwide (and donations from users). This is like a hobby for them because nobody pays them for it, in most cases. So, do they create this software and give it away to the public? Without any monetary benefit? It’s more complicated than that. If you’re a carpenter, you could build a chair and give it away easily. Your goodwill ends when the chair arrives at the final user. Open-source software is different for a simple reason: it needs constant maintenance and updates to survive. Funding open-source projects The bad news about these good-will-driven projects is that developers aren’t robots. They need to eat and pay bills, like everyone else. Since open-source development can’t grant them enough money to do this, they take “real” jobs outside of it. Often full-time jobs, which leave them with little time to volunteer. As a result, according to (Ohloh), Without proper support or a team behind them, they’d be destined to die. Funding is a in the open-source community. If interested, they still can do several things to monetize their product, but they’re mostly programmers, not businessmen, marketers, or lawyers. Open Hub around 83% of open-source projects are abandoned after a year. great problem Why lawyers, you wonder? Because of the copyright licenses of the software. Even “free” licenses can be tricky sometimes, and they might become a real obstacle to monetizing with traditional methods. Opening a startup around its digital tools isn’t always possible, since it takes a lot of red tape and investment. And it’s not what many developers want. The only realistic option for most open-source developers to be rewarded for their work is with donations. It may not sound like something sustainable in the long term, but it’s a great start. Plus, if the software becomes really popular, it can even pay some actual bills. The LibreOffice case is remarkable. In 2021, over one million euros in donations. And they used it very well. It shows your appreciation and offers nice incentives. they received Donations in cryptocurrencies As you likely guessed already, cryptocurrencies are a great option for making donations. They’re global and fast, almost instant, unlike traditional money. Anyone could donate any amount to anyone else, from and to any part of the world, at any time. In case the cause is controversial or against a government, transactions couldn’t be banned —even if the opponents want to. For instance, we had the Nigerian Feminist Coalition move in 2020. participating in raging protests against police brutality in the country. As a bad response, the national banks froze their account in local money to cut their funding. Therefore, they decided to accept from donors inside and outside the territory. They were Bitcoin (BTC) Nobody could seize this money, since crypto was born to be auto-custodial and anti-censorship. Of course, going back to our main topic, cryptocurrencies can quickly fund some less drastic causes too. Like maintaining your favorite developer tool on GitHub, whose developers (volunteers) are probably juggling to keep them alive. Kivach and cascading donations “Kivach” is originally a cascade waterfall in Karelia, Russia. Now, a “cascade” is a type of waterfall in which the current descends in a series of rock steps or stages. That’s why our donation platform Kivach took the name. is an application on Obyte to donate any amount to any open-source project on GitHub —but not just that. Kivach By using this tool, . Either because they use those tools for their own project (like libraries or frameworks), because they share the same ideals, or just because they like it. So, the donation can flow as a cascade across multiple repositories and collaborators. the recipients of donations can donate a part or a total of the coins to any other project(s) they want The platform uses the Obyte feature “attestations”, which can link any GitHub account to its owner’s Obyte address. The donor can use the native Obyte token (GBYTE) to donate or use the Counterstake Bridge to donate in , , WBTC, and any other supported token on Ethereum, BNB Chain, and Polygon. sovereign identity USDC ETH The funds are stored in an Autonomous Agent (AA), the equivalent of an Ethereum smart contract in Obyte. . They add their Obyte wallet, verify their identity, and set the distribution rules —if they want to share the donation with other repos. If they want to take the whole donation, they can keep it. The “cascade” is always optional. Only legitimate recipients can claim them, and this is ensured through attestations by requiring them to prove that they own the recipient project Kivach vs other donation options Of course, you can donate to open-source projects from other platforms too. Popular alternatives are , , or . On the other hand, projects like VLC Player accept cryptocurrencies directly. All of them have their downsides, though. GitHub Sponsors Open Collective Buy me a Coffee . The recipient developers can distribute large parts of their funds (or give them away entirely) among their most-needed external tools and projects. Besides, unlike what happens with traditional money, transparency is in the first line. Anyone can see where the assets are going in real-time. To begin with, only Kivach allows cascading donations automatically For donating in non-Obyte based cryptocurrencies, the Counterstake Bridge and Oswap help to automatically transfer and exchange the coins, instead of having to manually transfer and exchange every coin. The funds can easily be donated from the most popular smart-contract blockchains. More advantages The advantages of Kivach against centralized platforms (like GitHub itself) are obvious. , including limits on the donated amount and the revelation of personal data. Donating your funds anonymously is almost impossible. The GitHub Sponsors program even asks for your personal address, and it’s not available in every country. These platforms have a lot of restrictions and rules for donors and recipients Fees are an important factor to consider as well. Platforms like Buy me a Coffee charge a fee to the recipients, while Open Collective reserves a fee for their “Fiscal Hosts” (the project treasurer, an intermediary). Kivach’s only fees come from token transactions. For instance, if the funds are sent via Ethereum, it’s necessary to pay a small fee for gas. Of course, none of these fees are kept by Kivach. They’re only necessary to make blockchain and DAG transactions. In GBYTEs, the fees are even smaller: only 0.00001 GBYTEs (around $0.000157). A real use case: Core-js and zloirock Do you know what “Core-js” is? Probably not. But the real alarming issue is that a great number of developers and companies that use this modular JavaScript library don’t know either —or purposely choose to ignore it. And that’s not a minimal portion. Its creator and sole maintainer on GitHub, Denis Pushkarev (known as zloirock), recently some astonishing stats about it. shared As it turns out, Sites like Amazon, Yahoo, Microsoft, Instagram, Reddit, Twitch, Adobe, Pinterest, eBay, Netflix, PayPal, Binance, Spotify, and even Pornhub use this “small” tool on their sites. A search by Pushkarev showed that Core-js is present in at least 54% of the top 10,000 websites around. Over 13.5 million repositories on GitHub depend on this tool and it currently 42.5k weekly downloads. Core-js it’s a vital part of the infrastructure of at least half of the entire web. has To sum it up: Core-js is BIG. A lot of people depend on it, even if it’s not visible at all to the final user. Now, the saddest part of all this. Denis Pushkarev is a full-time open-source developer, with little to no rewards from Core-js. At the beginning of this project (in 2014), he received around $2,500 in monthly donations. That amount (not that big itself for a developer), decreased even more with the years. Pushkarev often works around 250 hours per month on this project, at a rate of less than $2 per hour. It’s just not fair. Now, it’s barely $400 monthly, while the downloads of Core-js keep increasing. In addition, he has real-life problems to solve, like sustaining his own family and some legal issues in Russia, which prevent him from leaving the country. So, he’s planning to make Core-js a commercial software or abandon it, unless he gets meaningful collaborations to keep the library alive. Kivach for zloirock Thanks to Kivach, zloirock (like any other developer on GitHub) So far, this repository has received around $176 in GBYTEs from several donors after the publication of the zloirock post on February 14, 2023. The maintainer can use these funds in the Obyte network, take the Counterstake Bridge to send it to BNB Chain, Polygon, or Ethereum; or exchange them for fiat money in any of the available markets. now has a donation alternative without limits and fees. For now, the repository is keeping 100% of donations, since the developer hasn’t set any other distribution rules (he might not know that he’s receiving donations yet). His repository has millions of direct and indirect dependents, and donations to any of them could trickle down to Core-js. We hope that keeps helping known and unknown but vital projects like this one. Kivach.org

Open-source Development and Cascading Donations 

Desarrollo de código abierto y donaciones en cascada

Développement open-source et dons en cascade

ओपन-सोर्स डेवलपमेंट और कैस्केडिंग डोनेशन

オープンソース開発とカスケード寄付

Desenvolvimento de código aberto e doações em cascata

Phát triển nguồn mở và quyên góp theo tầng

开源开发和级联捐赠

Food and Flavor: A Gastronomic Guide to Health and Good Living: Chapter XII 

The Jungle: Chapter XXV

Food and Flavor: A Gastronomic Guide to Health and Good Living: Chapter XI - GASTRONOMIC AMERICA

Let's extend Google Drive with Apps Script to create a simple add-on, and use CardService for the UI, where we'll select a few spreadsheets and pass them to the next card with navigation. You can find my other blogs on Google Apps Scripts right . here Intro Hi, This is Nibes Khadka, from Khadka's Coding Lounge. I wrote this blog because I find the documentation overwhelming for beginners. It is also very hard to find blogs on google apps scripts. So, hence this beginner-level blog was created to get you started. I believe this blog will give you almost 20% you'll need to finish almost 80% of your projects. Pre-Requisite You'll need knowledge of JavaScript and Access to google drive. I am using apps script ide but if you want to develop in the local environment you'll find this guide helpful. set-up Settings Head over to the , and create a new script file for the project. After that, we'll need to prep our projects as instructed below. dashboard HomePages According to the , there're two types of homepages when you're developing add-ons for drive: and . documentation Contextual Non-Contextual Non-Contextual is an initial display when nothing is happening like the first screen to show after the add-on is clicked. Contextual is the home page/display that shows up once we perform a specific action like selecting files in the drive. For the apps scripts functions to get called in the drive, we'll need to assign those functions to the appropriate triggers for the drive add-on in the manifest( ) file. appsscript.json Homepage Triggers When a user clicks on the add-on icon, homepage triggers method is called upon. This method then looks for a function then calls the specified function in the manifest(appsscript.json) for further operations. drive. Item Selected Trigger For contextual triggers, we'll assign the function in our apps script to in the manifest file. drive.onItemSelectedTrigger OAuth Scopes For the drive add-on to work the user must grant access permission. The list of permissions is known as . Details on drive-specific scopes can be found . We'll need to provide the scopes in the file again as a list with "OAuth scopes". Scopes here appsscript.json Note: If your appsscript.json file is hidden then go to settings, then check the checkbox. Show "appsscript.json" manifest file in the editor Check out the manifest file for this project below. {
 "timeZone": "Asia/Kathmandu",
  "exceptionLogging": "STACKDRIVER",
  "runtimeVersion": "V8"
  "oauthScopes": [
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets",
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.storage",
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive",
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file",
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.addons.metadata.readonly"
  ],
  "addOns": {
    "common": {
      "name": "Drive Extension with Apps Script",
      "logoUrl": "provide image URL to be used as logo",
      "layoutProperties": {
        "primaryColor": "#41f470",
        "secondaryColor": "#ab2699"
      }
    },
    "drive": {
      "homepageTrigger": {
        "runFunction": "onDriveHomePageOpen",
        "enabled": true
      },
      "onItemsSelectedTrigger": {
        "runFunction": "onDriveItemsSelected"
      }
    }
  }
} Using Apps Script to Access Google Drive Now, on the root project folder create two files, and . cards main Assigning Apps Scripts Functions to the Trigger’s main // On homepage trigger function
let onDriveHomePageOpen = () => homepageCard();

// On Item selected Trigger function
let onDriveItemsSelected = (e) => itemSelectedCard(e); The and are two functions we assigned in the manifest file earlier on. These functions are in turn calling other functions which we'll create in a while. If you get an error pop-up on saving the file, dismiss it for now. onDriveHomePageOpen onDriveItemsSelected Designing Behaviour of Cards Let's create a simple homepage card to be assigned to our non-contextual trigger on the file. cards Create Homepage Card let homepageCard = () => {
// Create a card with a header section
  let card = CardService.newCardBuilder().setHeader(CardService.newCardHeader());
// create card section 
  let section = CardService.newCardSection();

// add heading 
  let decoratedText = CardService.newDecoratedText()
    .setText("Select Files To Update");

// add text as a widget to the card section
  section.addWidget(decoratedText);

// add the section to the card 
  card.addSection(section);

// return card as build
  return card.build();

} can be used to for the add-ons for google drive. Cards create UI This is a beginners blog so I am not focused on styling. Create Non-Contextual Card Now, let's have another card that we'll be responsible for the contextual trigger on the same file. But let's divide this code into sections to understand it clearly. 1. Create a simple card UI. let itemSelectedCard = (e) => {

  // Initial UI
  let card = CardService.newCardBuilder().setHeader(CardService.newCardHeader().setTitle("Select Sheets Update Master Sheet"));
  let filesSection = CardService.newCardSection()
  filesSection.setHeader("Selected Files");
  return card.build();
} 2. Display Selected files in UI. let itemSelectedCard = (e) => {

  // Initial UI
  let card = CardService.newCardBuilder().setHeader(CardService.newCardHeader().setTitle("Select Sheets Update Master Sheet"));
  let filesSection = CardService.newCardSection()
  filesSection.setHeader("Selected Files");

 // New Code starts here 

// # 1
// Create new array to hold selected files data
  let selectedSheets = [];

// #2
// Fetch selected files data from drive through event objects
  if (e.drive.selectedItems.length > 0) {

    // Selected spreadsheets
// #3
// Among the selected items we'll be selecting only spreadsheets and push them to selected sheets
    e.drive.selectedItems.forEach(item => {
      if (item.mimeType === "application/vnd.google-apps.spreadsheet")
        selectedSheets.push(item)
    }
    );
  }

  // Create a counter to count the number of widgets added
// #4
// COunter is required to prevent error when pushing the file names into UI incase array is empty
  let widgetCounter = 0;

  for (let i = 0; i < selectedSheets.length; i++) {
    // #5
    // Create decorated text with selected files and 
    // add the decorated text to the card section
    filesSection.addWidget(CardService.newDecoratedText()
      //.setText(selectedSheets[i].title)
      .setText(e.drive.selectedItems[0].title)

    );

 // Increase widget counter per loop
 // #4
    widgetCounter += 1;
  }

  // #6
  // Add files as widgets only if widgetCounter is 1+
  //  It prevent error in case only non-spreadsheet files are selected 
  if (widgetCounter >= 1) {
    card.addSection(filesSection)
 }

  // Create Another card that has files list 
  return card.build();
} Here(see the code for numbering like #1), Created an array to hold data on selected items. Used to fetch data on selected files. drive event object Among the selected items we filtered only spreadsheets using . mimeType We created a counter to use as a condition while adding the files as widgets in the card to prevent errors. Created a , a , which will hold the file names of each file. decorated text widget Now finally added the whole files section to the card builder. Generate Actions With Button In Card, interactivity is possible with . Also, check out this . Don't forget to add the scope given there, to drive the scope in your manifest file. actions sample code Let's add buttons below the files section. This button will collect selected files and pass them to another card which we'll build later on. To less complicate things, I'll break down code into smaller sections. 1. Create Button Ui with Action let nxtButtonSection = CardService.newCardSection();
  let nxtButtonAction = CardService.newAction()
    .setFunctionName("handleNextButtonClick"); You've noticed that has been assigned as the function to be triggered on button click. It will handle the navigation, and points toward the next card. We'll create this function later on. handleNextButtonClick 2. Assign Parameters to be passed. // We'll pass only pass ids of files to the next card so that we can fetch them there with id
// #1
  let selectedSheetsIDAsStr = selectedSheets.map(item => item.id).join();

// pass the values as params
// #2
  nxtButtonAction.setParameters({
    "nextCard": "nextCard",
    "selectedSheetsIDAsStr": selectedSheetsIDAsStr,
  });

// add button to the button set 
// #3
  let nxtButton = CardService.newTextButton().setText("Next").setOnClickAction(nxtButtonAction);
  let nxtButtonSet = CardService.newButtonSet().addButton(nxtButton); In the card, parameters need to be passed via action with set parameters method as objects(#2). (hence #1). Buttons can be added as a in the card(#3). It's important to remember that both keys and values should be a string button set You've noticed that has been assigned as a parameter. That's because the function handleNextButtonClick is a general function that takes the name of the card as a parameter instead of hardcoding. This way it will be more efficient in the long run. nextCard Add Button To Card //  It prevent error in case only non-spreadsheet files are selected 
  if (widgetCounter >= 1) {
    card.addSection(filesSection)

    // new line
    nxtButtonSection.addWidget(nxtButtonSet);
    card.addSection(nxtButtonSection);
  } Card Navigation From what I understood , in short, takes a list of cards as a stack. A new card to navigate to is added to the top of the stack, which popped from the stack to return to the previous one. card navigation Let's create a new file, I'll name it , and add the following instructions. helpers helpers /* This is a greneral nav function
You use it with card action and as a response, it will supply card functions from cardsInventory */
let handleNextButtonClick = (e) => {

// #1
// Extract string nextCard to pass it as key in cards inventory obj
  let nxtCard = cardsInventory[e.commonEventObject.parameters.nextCard];

  // #2
  // Convert String into List of files selected by the user
  let selectFilesIdList = e.commonEventObject.parameters['selectedSheetsIDAsStr'].split(",");

// #3
// use actionResponse to create a navigation route to the next card
  let nxtActionResponse = CardService.newActionResponseBuilder()
    .setNavigation(CardService.newNavigation().pushCard(nxtCard(selectFilesIdList))) // #4, Passing the mastersheet with params
    .setStateChanged(true)
    .build();

  return nxtActionResponse;
}


/**
 *  Create a dictionary that
 is consist of cards for navigation with appropriate keys  
 */

var cardsInventory = {
  'nextCard': nextCard
} Let's first talk about the object.  If you remember we passed the parameter previously as a string in the function. This nextCard is the function we'll create next. But the thing is you can't pass a string and use it to reference a variable(check #1 in the code). So, we're creating a dictionary that'll match appropriate keys with functions for navigation. card inventory nextCard itemSelectedCard Inside handleNextButtonClick function: Extract the string which is key to the cardInventory object to fetch the correct card to call. We're using to extract parameters passed on earlier. Events Comment Object The string that was passed as selected files id's, we're again converting to the array. combined are used to set a new to the card of our choosing. NewActionResponseBuilder, SetNavigation, NewNavigation, and PushCard path Here, we're passing a list of ids as params. Next Card To Navigate We'll create a very simple card just enough to display the list of IDs, to let us know our code is working. First, let's create a new file . next_card var nextCard = function (lst) {

  let cardService = CardService.newCardBuilder().setHeader(CardService.newCardHeader().setTitle("Select Master Sheet To Update"));

  let filesSection = CardService.newCardSection();

  filesSection.setHeader("Selected Files");

  let widgetCounter = 0;

  let selectedFilesList = [...lst];

  selectedFilesList.forEach(id => {
    filesSection.addWidget(CardService.newDecoratedText()
      .setText(id));
    widgetCounter += 1;
  });

  if (widgetCounter >= 1) {
    cardService.addSection(filesSection);
  }


  return cardService.build();
} The only thing new to notice here is that I am not using es6 syntax to declare a function. That's because using it caused a scoping issue and the error, . Hence, I went to the old school with . the function is not defined var Publish Add-On in GCP for Testing To publish an add-on to the GCP follow these two instructions here. Create a standard . GCP project Integrate a project with an . apps script project Final Code cards let itemSelectedCard = (e) => {

  // Initial UI
  let card = CardService.newCardBuilder().setHeader(CardService.newCardHeader().setTitle("Select Sheets Update Master Sheet"));
  let filesSection = CardService.newCardSection()
  filesSection.setHeader("Selected Files");

  let nxtButtonSection = CardService.newCardSection();
  let nxtButtonAction = CardService.newAction()
    .setFunctionName("handleNextButtonClick");
  let selectedSheets = [];

  if (e.drive.selectedItems.length > 0) {
    // hostApp,clientPlatform,drive,commonEventObject
    // Selected spreadsheets
    e.drive.selectedItems.forEach(item => {
      if (item.mimeType === "application/vnd.google-apps.spreadsheet")
        selectedSheets.push(item)
    }
    );
  }

  // Create a counter to count number of widgets added
  let widgetCounter = 0;

  for (let i = 0; i < selectedSheets.length; i++) {
    // Create decorated text with selected files and 
    // add the decorated text to card section
    filesSection.addWidget(CardService.newDecoratedText()
      //.setText(selectedSheets[i].title)
      .setText(e.drive.selectedItems[0].title)

    );
    widgetCounter += 1;
  }


  // Change list of  selected sheet's id  as string to pass to next card 
  let selectedSheetsIDAsStr = selectedSheets.map(item => item.id).join();

  nxtButtonAction.setParameters({
    "nextCard": "nextCard",
    "selectedSheetsIDAsStr": selectedSheetsIDAsStr,
  });

  let nxtButton = CardService.newTextButton().setText("Next").setOnClickAction(nxtButtonAction);
  let nxtButtonSet = CardService.newButtonSet().addButton(nxtButton);


  // Add files and button section only if the widgets are present
  //  It prevent error in case only non-spreadsheet files are selected 
  if (widgetCounter >= 1) {
    card.addSection(filesSection)

    nxtButtonSection.addWidget(nxtButtonSet);
    card.addSection(nxtButtonSection);
  }

  // Create Another card that has files list 
  return card.build();
} helpers /* THis is a greneral nav function
You use it with card action and as reponse it will supply card functions from cardsInventory */
let handleNextButtonClick = (e) => {

  let nextCard = cardsInventory[e.commonEventObject.parameters.nextCard];
  console.log(nextCard)

  // Convert String into List
  let selectFilesIdList = e.commonEventObject.parameters['selectedSheetsIDAsStr'].split(",");

  let nxtActionResponse = CardService.newActionResponseBuilder()
    .setNavigation(CardService.newNavigation().pushCard(nextCard(selectFilesIdList)))
    .setStateChanged(true)
    .build();

  return nxtActionResponse;
}


/**
 *  Create a dictionary that
 is consist of cards for navigation with appropriate keys  
 */

var cardsInventory = {
  'nextCard': nextCard
} Summary Alright, let's recall things we did in the project. Defined appscrits.json files with the appropriate scopes and triggers required for Drive Add-on. Created a simple card UI to interact with users. Fetched selected files from the drive with the apps script. Used Actions and Button Sets to let users interact with our card UI. Created a simple navigation logic to move between two cards. Show Some Support This is Nibesh Khadka from Khadka's Coding Lounge. Find my other blogs on Google Apps Scripts . I am the owner of Khadka's Coding Lounge. We make websites, mobile applications, google add-ons, and valuable tech blogs. . here Hire us!, Like, Share and Subscribe to our newsletter Also Published here

Managing Google Drive with a Google Apps Script and Add-Ons

SaaS product managers and founders. Who am I writing for? We recently had someone move on from (the company that owns and ). After they were gone, admin was doing a review of our software expenses and found a line-item for with no clear owner. The person who had left was the only one using it, and no one knew why, or what it was used for. Wingify VWO Pushcrew Popcorn Metrics Removing Popcorn is as easy as removing a code snippet, so I reached out to them asking to cancel. This is the problem when your product hasn’t been adopted or . You might have sold the product in that a customer is paying for it, but you haven’t truly sold it until they’re using it extensively. widely deeply Width By width, I mean that multiple hierarchies across departments in a company are using the product. Best examples would be: communication platforms (Skype, Gmail) HR & performance management software document editing and management (Google Docs, Office 365) If a product solves the basic needs of any workforce, it’s likely to be adopted widely. The more widely a product is used, the more value it’s providing and consequently, it’s difficult to remove. Depth By depth, I mean the level of dependence on a product. For me, defining features of deep adoption are: the product supports a key process, eg. the company’s sales process runs on a CRM, performance & payroll management is done on an HR software, or technical support delivered through support software the product has important data that companies don’t want to lose the product enables, or connects with multiple other data silos to make 1 + 1 = 3 the product is mouldable to support the company’s workflow Placing the products we use at on a depth/width graph, here’s what I came up with: VWO Explaining the graph above: comes in the middle-ish because it’s mostly used by hiring managers and HR. It is used across all departments, but not across enough hierarchies. And the data it contains isn’t as valuable… mostly resumes/profiles of candidates who weren’t a fit. Recruiterbox , the easy graphic design software for non-designers, which I put to show a product that has minimal width or depth. It mostly comes up when designers aren’t available. Going by Canva’s initial positioning, they might get slightly deeper adoption if they are able to tap into social media marketing teams. Canva , connected to Salesforce and used for lead enrichment. We hardly ever login to the product, but I suspect we’ll keep using it until the contract renewal date rolls by and they raise prices. That’s when we’ll probably look to BuiltWith or something similar. I’ve included Clearbit to show a product that takes care of a small but important part of a business process, and as long as it does its job and the business process remains the same, it’ll keep being used. Clearbit I’ve put in the middle because even though it is HR and performance management software, at Wingify we haven’t adopted it fully. I notice that everyone uses it, but only for a few days every quarter during appraisal time. It could have deeper adoption if we had big-company kinda HR processes, but since we don’t, maybe Namely is suited to big companies with more sophisticated HR policies and management? Namely Salesforce is probably the best example of a product completely owning a process, owning data, deep integrations and being used extensively by executives. I admire them for this, though I will never recommend them to anyone because of the painful experience it is dealing with the company and the product. More thoughts Not all products can have wide and deep adoption, but that doesn’t mean all hope is lost. If a product can capture even one important process for a team, the likelihood of churn reduces significantly. For example, Canva could if it targeted teams that need quick, good-looking images without relying on a graphic designer. First thing comes to my mind is social media teams in B2C businesses who are running campaigns all the time. Or take Recruiterbox from above, not widely or deeply adopted in the org but does a damn good job of streamlining the recruiting process. Products tend to have higher a lifetime if they have some of the following properties: Are the “source of truth” in an org for important process/data Are in the core departments of finance, HR, sales, manufacturing/production/product and R&D Are used by practitioners and executives for different purposes Some or all parts of a team’s KPIs are reported by the product Are heavily used by senior management They are close to the value provided & realized by a company, like product, R&D or revenue/profits Salespeople are trained to hack the selling process by reaching the highest decision maker as soon as possible. No doubt this still works, but in a world where hierarchies are flattening, practitioners who’re going to be actually using the product are becoming important factors in the buying process. Making a quick sale without adequate follow-up support from customer success managers leaves you at a risk of being upended after the contract period. The Customer Success function can have a massive impact on increasing lifetime value if they understand that their goal in the first few months is to increase width and depth of adoption of the product, and they’re incentivized towards those goals. Based off my Canva point, I realize that when you’re creating a product, it’s important to think of the process and data that you’re going to own, and for the teams + hierarchies that you’re going to own them. And this needs product + human effort. I’m surprised why products don’t integrate more deeply with email. There’s this entire hullabaloo about AI and chatbots right now (early 2017). I’d instead focus energies on much a deeper sync with Gmail and Outlook. After all, that’s where the majority of decision makers spend their time. This post originally appeared on http://deswal.org/saas/to-reduce-churn-your-saas-needs-to-be-adopted-widely-and-deeply/

Deep And Wide Product Adoption Are Key To Reducing SaaS Churn

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