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Many of today’s blockchains, including Bitcoin and Ethereum, are open and public ledgers in the sense that there are no restrictions on participation and all transaction details are visible on the blockchain. In a public ledger, the transaction entities are only identified by their blockchain addresses, which are derived from the corresponding public keys. Public ledgers are generally considered to be “pseudo-anonymous”, which means that an address is linked to one person, but that person is unknown to the public. However, by analyzing the transaction graph and combining with other information, it is possible to reveal the true real world identity behind a blockchain address, as shown by recent research. People and corporations prefer to add privacy-enhancing features to blockchain transactions for various reasons, including but not limited to managing law-enforcement related issues and hiding sensitive, company-specific information.