Technology continues to grow at a very fast rate and while this continuous growth is something that should be welcomed it doesn’t come without its fair share of challenges. To most emerging tech, more focus is usually on the pros most of the time and people tend not to care much about the legality side. Take for instance driverless cars in place. Self-driving cars potentially offer incredible benefits such as increased safety and convenience, environmental sustainability, and improved traffic flow. Nevertheless, it’s no secret that tech malfunctions, often when you don’t expect it. How do self-driving cars fit in the spectrum of legality especially when accidents occur due to malfunctions? This post shall delve deep into the legal challenges and implications of autonomous vehicles like a driverless car highlighting ones such as liability, privacy, and regulation. In any case, it would be difficult to have a very profound discussion on these legal implications without properly understanding how driverless cars operate. How Do Autonomous Vehicles Work? People not aware of how autonomous vehicles work usually have misapprehensions about it. Some think it’s like driving blindfolded but this is not true. Self-driven vehicles operate through lots of information collection both from the environment and about yourself as well. They rely on a combination of sensors, cameras, and advanced algorithms to gather the information they need. Self-driving cars are also made up of a complex web of AI and machine learning algorithms, which allow the car to learn, sense situations, as well as react using pre-programmed directions whenever they encounter various driving conditions. The building blocks of autonomous vehicles include: : Various kinds of sensors, which are adapted, while implementing the driver-less vehicles are , or Lidar, radar, and cameras, for collecting data about the surroundings. Each one of these parts of autonomous vehicles has different roles but their working is so very synchronized that driveless cars work effectively. Sensors Light Detection and Ranging Lidar uses laser beams in mapping the surrounding 3D environment while radar helps in detecting the distance and the speed of moving things. Cameras help in the visual aspect of things such that vehicles can detect pedestrians and other vehicles as well as obey the traffic signs. Almost all self-driven vehicles have onboard computer systems that collect and process information from the sensors in real time. The data collected are later analyzed by the systems through complicated algorithms for decision-making based on predefined rules together with machine learning models. Computer Systems: : After a decision has been computed, the autonomous vehicle actuates on its actuators to regulate the movements of the vehicle. The components of the self-driving cars' actuators change the final products produced from data algorithmic into physical activities such as turning the steering one way or a certain direction and also applying the brakes of the car in use. Actuators From all the above, it’s transparent that driverless cars are the future of the car industry. As such, top manufacturers including Tesla and Mercedez already have models of driverless cars. However, growth comes at a cost and it’s time to explore the legal implications of autonomous vehicles. Challenges With Regulations and Laws For Autonomous Vehicles The fact is governments all over the world are struggling to cope with technology’s pace and to figure out how to go about regulating autonomous vehicles. Already, there are some legislations in place, such as the ’s guidelines for autonomous vehicle testing and deployment. However, there are still a lot of grey areas that need to be addressed. For example, determining liability. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Liability and Insurance Considerations for Autonomous Vehicles Determining liability in the event of accidents involving self-driving is complex, to say the least. Traditional accident liability laws aim to protect the victim of the situation by shifting liability to the driver, after confirming the person who was behind the wheel. However if the driver is supposed to bear liability for the accident, who then takes the blame in accidents involving self-driving cars? Is the owner of the car liable for the damages or does liability transfer to the manufacturing company since the owner wasn’t actually driving when the accident took place? Traditionally, a car accident lawyer handles claims relating to issues like hit-and-run accidents, different types of collisions and even weather accidents with satisfactory familiarity. However, the reality is in situations that involve self-driving cars, the legal specifics become a whole lot more complex. The complexity involved also extends into the realm of insurance claims. Insurance companies generally refuse payouts to car accident victims who have been engaged in unsafe driving practices directly linked to causing the accident. However, there are no concrete laws for determining what constitutes risky or unsafe driving as far as self-driving cars are concerned. In addition to this, insurance companies currently base their premiums on factors like the driver's age, driving history, and vehicle type. However, with autonomous vehicles becoming more and more popular, it has become more evident that there is really no proper coverage for these automobiles. Privacy Issues As mentioned earlier before, self-driving cars work by collecting massive amounts of data about their environment and the occupants in them. But then such massive data collection also raises extremely valid privacy concerns. This includes the quantifiable problems in collecting all location data - video footage and others shared with the third-party providers without consent from passengers. There is also a question concerning the assumption of responsibility for possible leakage of some data as a result of cyber attacks on the servers of manufacturers, operators or third parties related to those who manufacture self-driving cars. Passengers should have control over such information and the potential ability not to let it be collected at all. This is important to note as drafting and enforcement of legislature inclined to self-driving car technology raises several ethical issues. For instance, who does the vehicle decide to value in terms of safety more when there is deliberation involving an accident that cannot be evaded? Should it prioritize the safety of its passengers, that of the other car's passengers, or foot passengers? This has raised the question as to whether ethical self-driving algorithms can be developed. Moving Forward There’s no doubt that their full integration is the next stage for the automobile industry. However, there are very real legal challenges that still need to be solved and loopholes to be closed. Current legal ambiguities regarding areas like liability determination, privacy regulation, and ethical considerations still require a lot of legal clarifications before full integration becomes a reality. Pending that time, the importance of having adequate legal coverage cannot be overstated. So if you own a self-driving car, look into getting a car accident lawyer. Sources: https://www.americanbar.org/news/abanews/publications/youraba/2018/december-2018/legal-implications-of-driverless-cars/ https://www.synopsys.com/automotive/what-is-autonomous-car.html# https://www.aberdeen.com/blog-posts/tech-legal-challenges-autonomous-car-industry-facing/ https://www.wssociety.co.uk/features/2021/8/31/the-future-legal-implications-of-automated-vehicles https://www.faegredrinker.com/en/insights/publications/2023/9/2023-legislative-and-regulatory-developments-affecting-autonomous-vehicles . https://www.frtriallawyers.com/blog/2023/august/the-legal-implications-of-autonomous-vehicles/#:\~:text=One of the central legal,lines of responsibility become blurred https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-safety/automated-vehicles-safety %20to%20the%20Earth.) https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/lidar.html#:\~:text=Lidar%2C which stands for Light,variable distances) to the Earth.
