DreamLLM: Synergistic Multimodal Comprehension and Creation: Related Works

Table of Links

Abstract and 1 Introduction

2 Background & Problem Statement

2.1 How can we use MLLMs for Diffusion Synthesis that Synergizes both sides?

3 DreamLLM

3.1 End-to-End Interleaved generative Pretraining (I-GPT)

3.2 Model Training

4 Experiments and 4.1 Multimodal Comprehension

4.2 Text-Conditional Image Synthesis

4.3 Multimodal Joint Creation & Comprehension

5 Discussions

5.1 Synergy between creation & Comprehension?

5. 2 What is learned by DreamLLM?

6 Related Works

7 Conclusions and References

A Additional Experiments

B Additional Qualitative Examples

C Implementation Details

D Additional Related Works

E Limitations, Failure Cases & Future Works

6 RELATED WORKS

Rapid developments have been witnessed in extending LLMs like LLaMA (Touvron et al., 2023a) to multimodal comprehension that enables human interaction with both words and visual content. One line of work is built by system integration of LLMs with various functioning agents where language acts as general interface (Wu et al., 2023; Gupta & Kembhavi, 2023; Yang et al., 2023b; Liang et al., 2023; Shen et al., 2023; Yang et al., 2023a; Surís et al., 2023), and remarkable success has been demonstrated in such plugin-style frameworks. Another line of work instead explores training LLMs to consume and understand multimodal inputs (Hao et al., 2022; Huang et al., 2023; Chen et al., 2023b) with parameter-efficient tuning (Hu et al., 2022; Alayrac et al., 2022; Li et al., 2023b; Zhang et al., 2023d; Zhu et al., 2023a; Ye et al., 2023) and instruction tuning (Xu et al., 2023; Liu et al., 2023a; Dai et al., 2023). More recently, some approaches have been developed towards visual-interactive multimodal comprehension by precise referring instruction tuning (Zhao et al., 2023a; Peng et al., 2023; Chen et al., 2023a; Zhang et al., 2023f). For cross-modal creation, early works generally tokenize the visual contents into discrete VQ codebooks (van den Oord et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2022; Lu et al., 2023; Diao et al., 2023; Yu et al., 2023a). Recent works instead explore incorporating MLLMs for image synthesis using text-to-image models such as Stable Diffusion, and the objective is to generate conditional embeddings that align pretrained CLIP text (i.e., CLIP) or CLIP variant embeddings (Koh et al., 2023; Ge et al., 2023; Sun et al., 2023a;b).