This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license.
Authors:
(1) Ulysse Gazin, Universit´e Paris Cit´e and Sorbonne Universit´e, CNRS, Laboratoire de Probabilit´es, Statistique et Mod´elisation,
(2) Gilles Blanchard, Universit´e Paris Saclay, Institut Math´ematique d’Orsay,
(3) Etienne Roquain, Sorbonne Universit´e and Universit´e Paris Cit´e, CNRS, Laboratoire de Probabilit´es, Statistique et Mod´elisation.
which finishes the proof.
If there are no tied scores, which by assumption (NoTies) happens with probability 1, the ranks Ri of the ordered scores are well-defined and the vector (p1, . . . , pm) is only a function of the rank vector (R1, . . . , Rn+m). Namely, Ri ≤ Rj if and only if Si ≤ Sj , and the conformal p-values (1) can be written as
Proof of (ii) By (Exch),(NoTies) the permutation that orders the scores (S1, . . . , Sn+m) that is σ such that
This event can be formally described as follows:
Proof of (i) By using (27) of (ii), we have
Now, we have
where we have used (ii) and the multinomial coefficient
First observe that the LHS of (9) is 0 if λ ≥ 1 so that we can assume λ < 1
Let us prove (9) with the more complex bounce
Below, we establish
This leads to