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The Lisk ecosystem will consist of more than just two chains. To send information from the sending chain to the receiving chain, the first step is to include a transaction. This transaction then emits one or more cross-chain messages which carry the relevant information that is supposed to be sent to the. receiving chain. The messages are put together and put into a cross-Chain update transaction, which is then posted on the receiving. chain. A certificate is an object containing information from a finalized block header that is signed by a large portion of validators from the. sending chain and thus authenticates a finalized state of that. state.